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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seven-hundred-and-ninety-one 15-year-olds were subjected to an anamnestic and clinical examination of craniomandibular disorders. These individuals had been examined at the age of 12 years and this is one section of an extensive longitudinal investigation into the effects of malocclusion, and the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment. The children were originally selected on the basis of presence of malocclusion. Signs of CMD were found in about half of the subjects. The proportion of individuals without any signs of CMD had decreased during the 4-year period. However, the number of subjects with severe signs remained very small. Changes in severity of CMD according to Helkimo's index of clinical dysfunction were mainly attributed to an increased prevalence of impaired TMJ function. An increase in prevalence of reported symptoms was found involving headache and joint sounds. The other recorded symptoms did not show any significant increase in prevalence. Mandibular mobility showed only minor changes from 12 to 15 years of age.
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PMID:A survey of craniomandibular disorders in 800 15-year-olds. A follow-up study of children with malocclusion. 158 60

One-thousand-and-eighteen 12-year-old children were chosen by use of preselected screening criteria, and disproportionate sampling to participate in a longitudinal study into the dental and social effects of malocclusion. The data has now been used to investigate the effects of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment on craniomandibular disorders. The sampling method was designed to create sub-groups large enough to study effectively the whole range of malocclusion, even those which have a low prevalence. This report will give baseline data in a longitudinal study. Intra-observer variability on recordings of signs of craniomandibular disorders was tested and reproducibility was found to be on an acceptable level. Almost half the children had signs of CMD, but few of these were severe and overall, only a very small minority of children in this sample required treatment. A preliminary examination has been made into possible relationships between the signs and symptoms of CMD, and significant associations were found between headache and several clinical signs.
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PMID:A survey of craniomandibular disorders in 1000 12-year-olds. Study design and baseline data in a follow-up study. 205 49

A sample of 637 persons was interviewed and examined clinically for signs and symptoms of CMD. Five percent reported daily headaches, and recurrent headaches were more frequently (P less than 0.001) reported by women (28%) than men (15%). Women more often (P greater than 0.001) had headaches upon awaking and in the afternoon. Face, eyes, throat, and neck were the most common locations of pain (20%). Women (18%) more often (P less than 0.05) reported CM symptoms than men (10%), and 16% of the women and 9% of the men considered themselves to be in need of treatment. About 20% reported oral parafunctions (clenching/grinding/biting). The most frequent clinical finding was TMJ sounds (58%). Both clicking and crepitation were more frequent in women (P less than 0.01). Palpation tenderness in the jaw muscles was most frequently found in the lateral pterygoid (34%) and temporal muscle (27%). Women generally had more tenderness and muscles tender to palpation. Mean maximal opening capacity was significantly larger in men. Only 12% of the sample were found to be free of signs of mandibular dysfunction. As signs and symptoms of CMD were common findings, routine dental examination should always include functional examination of the stomatognathic system to evaluate the need of treatment.
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PMID:Craniomandibular disorders in an urban Swedish population. 209 91

One hundred two tinnitus patients were examined to determine the prevalence of signs and symptoms of CMD. The examination comprised determination of the anamnestic and clinical dysfunction indices according to Helkimo; assessment of the dentition, occlusal factors, and signs of parafunctions; and accomplishment of a tension test. Patients also answered a questionnaire concerning the presence and frequency of CMD symptoms and headaches, as well as influence on tinnitus by mandibular movements, by pressure applied to the TMJ, or by dental therapy. Frequent headaches and fatigue/tenderness in jaw muscles were more prevalent in tinnitus patients than in epidemiologic samples, as was the prevalence of clinical findings of pain on palpation of masticatory muscles, impaired mandibular mobility, and signs of parafunctions. About one-third of the patients reported influence on tinnitus by mandibular movements and/or pressure applied to the TMJs. A theoretic model of causal connections between tinnitus and signs and symptoms of CMD in some tinnitus patients is suggested.
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PMID:Prevalence of signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders in tinnitus patients. 209 94

The stomatognathic system was examined in 100 chronic recurrent headache patients, and the asymmetry in clinical and radiographic findings was studied. A clinically recorded facial asymmetry was found more frequently in patients with a definite CMD pain (P less than 0.001), in patients with mainly a unilateral headache (P less than 0.01), and in patients with a head injury in the history (P less than 0.05). The radiographically determined asymmetry in condylar height in these headache patients was high. More condylar asymmetry was found in migraine patients than in patients with tension headache (P less than 0.05). Asymmetric findings in the hard-tissue condition of the temporomandibular joint were more prevalent in patients with a definite CMD pain and in those with mainly bilateral headaches.
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PMID:Craniomandibular asymmetry in headache patients. 209 97

The data of 230 randomly selected patients were collected, constituting a representative sample out of the population visiting the department of Craniomandibular Disorders in Utrecht in 1987. By means of a flowchart an overview has been given concerning the intake of these patients and their course in diagnosis and treatment. Within the group of CMD-patients, four subgroups have been composed on basis of clinical and radiological findings. Differences have been found between these groups, concerning e.g. mean age and the prevalence of headache. Treatment results expressed as the clinical dysfunction index (objective) and the judgement of the patient (subjective) were found to be correlated. Most patients expressed mild symptoms of dysfunction after treatment. From the self-report questionnaire it can be concluded that the majority of the patients reported a satisfying treatment result.
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PMID:[Craniomandibular disorders. A retrospective study of patients referred to the department of Special Dental Care Utrecht]. 209 63

Fifty patients with recurrent headache who had been referred to a neurologist were randomly invited for an examination of their stomatognathic system. The prevalence and distribution of the findings in many ways resemble the clinical findings in CMD patients. In 66% of the patients, a myogenous or arthrogenous origin of CMD pain could be detected. Headache occurred more bilaterally, but unilateral findings were more common at the functional examination. The results did not show any statistical differences between the sexes.
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PMID:Craniomandibular disorders in headache patients. 260 99

Three hundred patients were questioned regarding frequency of headache pain. One hundred forty-one patients were seeking treatment at the University of Kentucky College of Dentistry TMJ Clinic for CMD. A comparison group of 159 was selected from persons being screened for routine dental needs. The following findings regarding incidence and frequency of headache pain were observed: 1. The incidence of headache pain was twice as high in the CMD group than in the comparison group (p less than .001). 2. Of the persons in each group reporting the occurrence of headaches, the frequency of headaches in the CMD group was significantly higher (44%) than in the comparison group (p less than .001). Thirty-three patients with headache pain were treated for a 4-week period with occlusal splint therapy. Patients were questioned regarding the number of headaches per week they had before and after occlusal splint therapy. The following results were observed: 1. Twenty-one (63.6%) patients showed a decrease in the frequency of their headaches. 2. Ten (30.3%) patients showed complete remission of headaches. 3. No patient showed an increase in the frequency of headaches. 4. As a group the average number of headaches per week before treatment was 5.06; after occlusal splint therapy the average number of headaches per week was 2.15 (p less than .001).
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PMID:Craniomandibular disorders and headaches. 657 39

The records of 193 randomly chosen patients with CMD referred 2.5 yr previously were examined retrospectively for anamnestic, clinical and radiological findings and observations related to treatment. These data were supplemented with information from questionnaires sent to all treated patients in which their opinion on the treatment outcome was asked. Within the patient group, four diagnostic subgroups were distinguished. Three subgroups consisted of patients with the diagnoses CMD with a mainly myogenous component, osteoarthrosis and internal derangement respectively, whereas the fourth subgroup consisted of patients who did not fit into one of these categories. Differences between the four groups were found concerning mean age, the prevalence of a limited range of motion, headache, psychosocial factors, loss of posterior tooth support and objective treatment outcome. The patients with CMD with a mainly myogenous component showed the highest percentages of CMD associated disorders, the least successful treatment outcome and the highest percentage of renewed treatment. The patients with internal derangement showed the lowest mean age, the highest prevalence of a limited range of motion and the best treatment outcome. The patients in the osteoarthrosis group showed the highest mean age and the highest percentage of loss of posterior tooth support. It may be concluded that the evaluation of diagnostic subgroups of CMD patients has to be preferred in the assessment of a heterogeneous group of patients with CMD.
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PMID:Characteristics and treatment outcome of diagnostic subgroups of CMD patients: retrospective study. 837 Feb 58

The aims of this study were to determine the remaining subjective and objective need for orthodontic treatment, symptoms of CMD, and headache. 120 boys and 121 girls at 19 years of age participated. They were registered with casts and were sent a questionnaire about chewing ability, headache, subjective symptoms of CMD and experience of orthodontic treatment. They were also asked to give their opinion of their own teeth by putting a mark on a line. The results showed that 89.6% of the adolescents had a normal sagittal molar relationship and 9.6% a postnormal molar relationship. Space conditions of the upper and lower incisors displayed a large range. Most of the adolescents were satisfied with their dentition even though a large range was obvious. Factors of significance for the subjects' subjective opinion of their dentition were space conditions, overjet and inclination of upper incisors. It was concluded that the remaining need of treatment was low, girls being more interested in treatment than boys. The boys' and girls' subjective opinions of their own teeth after treatment were similar. Orthodontic treatment clearly increased the subjects' subjective appreciation of their own teeth.
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PMID:Prevalence of malocclusion and awareness of dental appearance in young adults. 895 37


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