Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 43-year-old man was admitted to our clinic with complaints of headache and nasal obstruction. He has noted increasing hand and foot size with decreasing libido and pollakiuria for ten years. On admission, he showed galactorrhea. His visual symptoms were slightly decreased. Endocrinological evaluation revealed high serum levels of GH and prolactin. A plain skull X-ray showed acromegalic features with remarkable destruction of dorsum sellae. A contrast enhanced CT demonstrated an intrasellar high density mass extending to the sphenoid sinus and the right ethmoidal sinus. A cerebral angiogram was nor.al. Surgery was then performed with the transsphenoidal approach. A soft reddish brown mass was found in the sphenoid sinus and the bilateral cavernous sinus extending from the sella turcica. Histologically the tumor was eosinophilic adenoma. There were numerous cells exhibiting immunostaining for both GH and PRL in the immunocytochemical study. Postoperative course was uneventful. His visual impairment improved soon after the operation. Serum GH and PRL levels decreased to 38 and 130 ng/ml. He was treated with conventional irradiation (500 rads), so remained galactorrhea and hyperhidrosis. One year after the operation, there is no regrowth of the residual tumor.
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PMID:[A case of male acromegaly with galactorrhea]. 284 24

In a double-blind study vs bromocriptine, 30 women who wished to interrupt breast-feeding after a physiological delivery and at least 3 months of nursing were given at random 10 mg dihydroergocristine capsules or 2.5 mg bromocriptine capsules twice a day for 5 days, then 3 times a day for 5 days if treatment had failed to produce an effect. The parameters considered were PRL plasma levels, which were measured at baseline, on the 5th day and, where necessary, on the 10th day of treatment. Milk secretion, breast swelling and pain were recorded at baseline and daily during treatment. The appearance of any side-effect was accurately reported. A prolactin decrease was observed in both groups (p less than 0.01). After 5 days milk secretion was reduced more significantly in the dihydroergocristine group; after 10 days of treatment 6 cases treated with bromocriptine and 1 case treated with dihydroergocristine still revealed a low milk secretion. Breast congestion and pain were absent in both groups. As regards side-effects, a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (standing position) was reported in the bromocriptine group. Other symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, insomnia and headache, were reported in 8 patients in the bromocriptine group vs 6 patients in the dihydroergocristine group.
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PMID:Dihydroergocristine in stopping lactation: double-blind study vs bromocriptine. 314 May 92

A 34-year-old woman was admitted for the chief complaints of headache and blurred vision. She had bilateral papilledema and slight increase in CSF pressure (175mmH2O) with normal visual acuity and field. Neurological and hormonal examination were normal except for over response of PRL and TSH to TRH test. The sella was enlarged and MRI and metrizamide CT demonstrated intrasellar CSF filling with remodeling of the pituitary gland. The patient was diagnosed as primary empty sella syndrome associated with benign intracranial hypertension. The complaints did not subside for six months. The patient was treated via the transsphenoidal approach. The dura mater of the floor of the sella was elevated by extradural balloon expansion filled with silicone, and subsequently the empty sella was obliterated. Her headache disappeared and amblyopic attack also improved. Obliteration of the empty sella with an extradural silicone balloon via the transsphenoidal approach seemed to have been effective for headache and visual complaints of primary empty sella syndrome which did not respond to medical therapy.
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PMID:[Primary empty sella syndrome treated by transsphenoidal extradural balloon expansion--a case report]. 362 70

An 11-year-old male presented with a 2-year history of headache and lethargy. Serum PRL was elevated at 14,000 mU/l and computerized tomography showed a pituitary macroadenoma. Visual fields and fundi were normal and the testes showed early pubertal changes. There was normal responsiveness of serum cortisol but absence of GH response to hypoglycaemia. After bromocriptine therapy for 4 months serum PRL had fallen to 90 mU/l and the tumour was not visible on repeat computerized tomography. After 7 months treatment, repeat pituitary function testing showed restoration of GH response to hypoglycaemia. Treatment with bromocriptine was continued and there was spontaneous progression of normal puberty; the serum testosterone continued to rise, and height maintained the 50th centile. Bromocriptine therapy should be considered as initial therapy in the management of prolactinomas in prepubertal patients.
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PMID:Normal growth and pubertal development during bromocriptine treatment for a prolactin-secreting pituitary macroadenoma. 366 15

Men with PRL-producing macroadenomas often present with hypogonadism and impotence. This report documents exacerbation of a PRL-secreting tumor after two separate 200-mg testosterone enanthate (T) injections despite continued bromocriptine (BRC) therapy. A 37-yr-old man with a 60-mm invasive tumor and a serum PRL level of 13,969 +/- 332 ng/ml (mean +/- SD) responded to BRC therapy with rapid disappearance of visual field defect, headache, and facial pain as well as decrease in serum PRL to 5,103 +/- 1,446 ng/ml. T injection was followed by severe headache, facial pain, and increase in PRL to 13,471 ng/ml. Visual field deterioration and increased tumor size (height, 40-43 mm) by computed tomography were documented. A relationship between T injection and exacerbation of the prolactinoma was not recognized until after a second T injection 3 months later. After that therapy, baseline PRL increased from 6,900 to 12,995 ng/ml. The hypothesis that T was aromatized to estradiol, directly stimulating lactotrophs, was supported by an increase in serum estradiol from 24 to 51 pg/ml after the second T injection. Although T treatment is accepted as appropriate therapy for hypogonadism in men with prolactinomas, it may not only interfere with the response of the tumor to BRC therapy, but even stimulate tumor growth and secretion.
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PMID:Testosterone-related exacerbation of a prolactin-producing macroadenoma: possible role for estrogen. 379 56

The possible interaction between long-acting ergot and the opiate system has been studied in 12 migraine patients, evaluating the PRL releasing effect of morphine. Our data suggest the integrity of the opiate system in migraine patients and demonstrate that long-acting ergot does not interact with the dopaminergic system. We hypothesize that the effect of ergot on migraine pain may be related to the interaction with non-opiate substances with central analgesic action. Chronic treatment with long-acting ergot significantly reduces the peak of pain intensity of the migraine attack.
Cephalalgia 1983 Aug
PMID:Long-acting ergot: clinical and neuroendocrinological aspects in migraine patients. 631 23

The Authors valued effects of the extinction-test with Thiapride (200 mg i.v.) in the primary headaches. They particularly noticed a significant reduction of PGF2-alpha and PRL, together with an increase of 5-HT and beta-ELI in CSF.
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PMID:[New contributions on extinction tests of essential headache. III. The test with tiapride]. 631 20

The endocrinological actions of quipazine, a direct serotonin receptor agonist, were investigated in both normal subjects (NS) and individuals with neurological disorders, i.e., Huntington's disease (HD), myoclonic epilepsy (ME) and cluster headache (CH). In both normal subjects and neurologic patients inconsistent and variable changes in the secretion of anterior pituitary hormones were observed. In fact, oral administration of 50 mg of quipazine elicited a rise in plasma GH in only 9/23 subjects investigated (3 NS, 2 HD, 1 ME, 3 CH), decreased GH in 4 subjects (1 NS, 2 HD, 1 CH) and left unmodified plasma GH in the remaining 10 subjects. Only 7/23 subjects showed a positive PRL response to quipazine (2 NS, 1 HD, 1 ME, 3 CH), in one subject (CH) PRL was inhibited while the drug was ineffective in the remaining 15 subjects. For gonadotropins, 5/21 subjects (2 NS, 1 HD, 2 CH) had a positive LH response and 3/20 subjects (1 NS, 1 ME, 1 CH) had a positive FSH response. In one subject (HD) there was inhibition of baseline LH levels and no effects were present in the remaining individuals. No changes in basal TSH levels were present in the 6 subjects investigated (4 NS, 2 ME). Quipazine was instead competent to increase plasma cortisol levels in 6/8 normal subjects. Pharmacodynamic, mainly gastrointestinal, effects of the drug were present in about 50% of the subjects but were not or only poorly correlated with the endocrine responses. Collectively, based on the neuropharmacologic profile of the drug, and in contrast to many animal data, these findings do not support a major role for the serotoninergic system on basal anterior pituitary hormone secretion in man, possibly with the exception of the ACTH-cortisol secretion.
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PMID:Neuroendocrine effects of quipazine in man in health state or with neurological disorders. 644 95

The study of circadian rhythms of hormones in PAD reveals impairments in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, GH, PRL, TSH and melatonin secretion. Twenty-four hour cortisol curves show increased number of secretory episodes, increased duration of each episode, increased amount of total cortisol secretion for each episode and of cortisol secretion per minute. Moreover, secretory bursts appear in the late afternoon-evening, when in normal subjects secretion is blunted. In some cases the acrophase is phase-advanced by 1-4 h. GH nocturnal peak is often blunted. PRL nocturnal secretion may also be low, especially in bipolar patients, or the acrophase is 6-8 h phase-advanced. Melatonin nocturnal peak may be blunted and abnormal diurnal peaks are sometimes observed. TSH secretion is normal in bipolar patients; in unipolars, the nocturnal peak, the mean 24-h secretion and the ratio sleep/wakefulness are reduced. The acrophase may be advanced.
Cephalalgia 1983 Aug
PMID:Circadian rhythms of hormones in primary affective disorders. 661 93

A chronobiological study was carried out in headache syndromes due to empty sella or to pituitary G.H.- and PRL-secreting adenomas. In the empty sella syndrome only the chrono-organization of G.H. secretion was disturbed, whereas pl. PRL exhibited the usual circadian pattern. The circadian rhythms of pl. G.H. and pl. PRL were abolished in G.H.- and PRL-secreting pituitary tumors, respectively, and were again detectable when patients were cured by selective transsphenoidal adenomectomy. A normal circadian rhythmicity of pl. cortisol was demonstrable in the empty sella syndrome and in pituitary adenomas, both before and after surgery.
Cephalalgia 1983 Aug
PMID:Chronobiological aspects of headache syndromes due to sellar or pituitary pathology. 661 94


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