Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 57-year-old woman was admitted to our department with headache and dizziness. About 8 months ago, she suffered from ovarian cancer disseminated in pleura and peritoneum, and was treated successfully with CAP therapy only (Cis-platin, Adriamycin and Cyclophosphamide). Intracerebellar metastasis of ovarian cancer was suspected on CT scan, and CAP therapy was employed again. She was relieved from all symptoms a week after starting the therapy. Follow up CT scan showed complete remission of the lesion. She was well for about 3 months, but was admitted again because of consciousness disturbance and headache with multiple brain metastasis. PVB therapy (Cis-platin, Vinblastine and Pepleomycin) was employed this time, and complete remission was seen again. But regrowth of intraabdominal mass lesion appeared, and she died from multiple organ failure 5 months after PVB therapy. Autopsy was not permitted, but CT scan 3 days before death revealed no intracranial lesion. Distant metastasis of ovarian cancer may become more prevalent with the development of combination chemotherapy, but no case of brain metastasis has been reported to have been treated with chemotherapy only. The authors suggest the possibility of successful treatment of such a lesion with chemotherapy including Cis-platin.
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PMID:[Brain metastasis of ovarian cancer treated by chemotherapy including cis-platin: a case report]. 247 41

A large study of tumors of low malignant potential confirmed the favorable survival in this group of patients compared to invasive epithelial ovarian tumors. Only 8% of patients died with recurrent disease after surgery. Patients with stage IA borderline tumors with mucinous histology tended to recur later and carried a poorer prognosis than patients with serous histology and similar stage. The group at highest risk for relapse were age greater than 70, stage II or III tumors, and histology other than serous. Long-term survival in this group was less than 75%. This high-risk group of patients should be targeted for innovative adjuvant treatment strategies. This year several well-designed studies with large sample sizes showed DNA ploidy to be an important new independent prognostic factor in stage I ovarian carcinoma. In patients with well-differentiated early stage ovarian cancer, DNA flow cytometric analysis may indicate subgroups with less favorable prognostic characteristics. This method of analysis may be beneficial in determining the need for additional treatments after surgery for early stage ovarian carcinoma. Recommendations for the definitive management of early stage ovarian cancer awaits completion of current GOG and European randomized prospective studies. Paclitaxel given in combination with platinum-containing agents is an intense area of research for treatment of advanced stage disease. Early data from a prospective randomized trial of patients with advanced ovarian cancer showed a higher response rate and longer disease-free survival in patients treated with paclitaxel and cisplatin compared to a standard regimen of cyclophosphamide and cisplatin. The impact of this treatment on long-term survival awaits maturation of data. Preliminary results evaluating G-CSF in combination with paclitaxel and cisplatin for dose escalation was reported. Paclitaxel, 250 mg/m2, and cisplatin, 75 mg/m2, were the maximally tolerated doses, with peripheral neuropathy or myalgias the dose limiting toxicities. Further studies are now underway to test the effect of dose-response with escalation therapies and to determine the optimal dose and schedule for the management of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. IL-3 significantly ameliorated neutropenia but did not prevent cumulative platelet toxicity in a regimen utilizing high-dose carboplatin. This mild improvement in myelosuppression was obtained at the cost of significant toxicity. Nausea, vomiting, malaise, bone pain, headache, fever, chills and facial flushing were frequent. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy was tested as a means of consolidation treatment for patients after having a negative second-look laparotomy. These treatments were shown to be feasible; however, prospective randomized trials will be necessary to determine a benefit over operative therapy alone. Several studies addressed to problem of residual disease after primary surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. A large phase II study conducted by the GOG confirmed the activity of salvage cisplatin-based intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with small-volume residual ovarian cancer with favorable pretreatment characteristics. Whether intraperitoneal platinum-based therapy represents an advantage over systemic platinum therapy is being addressed in a prospective SWOG study. The use of six additional cycles of CAP for treatment of residual disease after primary treatment of surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy did not significantly improve complete pathological response and survival. Prolonged duration of chemotherapy above six cycles is not likely to impact treatment for residual disease. A regimen of high dose carboplatin was compared to whole abdominal radiotherapy for treatment of residual disease after initial chemotherapy. There was no difference in survival or disease-free survival between treatments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)
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PMID:Gynecological malignancies. 863 1

This paper reviews the safety data for levofloxacin utilizing reports from clinical and post-marketing surveillance trials. The side effect incidence rates are 1.3% for nausea, 0.1% for anxiety, 0.3% for insomnia, and 0.1% for headache. No levofloxacin-related adverse events were reported at a rate higher than 1.3%, and most were lower. Four clinical trials were reported. Levofloxacin achieved superior clinical and microbiological results compared to ceftriaxone/macrolide combination, and was better tolerated. Results comparing IV azithromycin plus ceftriaxone versus 500 mg levofloxacin in hospitalised CAP demonstrated that levofloxacin performed better, with more adverse events associated with the comparators (levofloxacin 5.3%, comparators 9.3%). High-dose levofloxacin (750 mg) was also evaluated and found to be well tolerated. Surveillance data reported low ADR rates for levofloxacin: nausea 0.8%, rash 0.5%, abdominal pain 0.4%, and diarrhoea, dizziness, and vomiting 0.3%. Worldwide and US surveillance data confirmed that tendon rupture occurred in less than 4 per million prescriptions, taste perversion in less than 3 per million, convulsions in 2 per million, and photosensitivity, hepatitis, hepatic failure, QT prolongation, torsade de pointes or empyema all in less than 1 per million.
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PMID:Latest industry information on the safety profile of levofloxacin in the US. 1154 87

The aim of the present work was to analyze c-fos response within the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) of pinealectomized rats and animals that received intraperitoneal melatonin, after intracisternal infusion of capsaicin, used to induce intracranial trigeminovascular stimulation. Experimental groups consisted of animals that received vehicle solution (saline-ethanol-Tween 80, 8:1:1, diluted 1:50) only (VEI, n=5); animals that received capsaicin solution (200 nM) only (CAP, n=6); animals submitted to pinealectomy (PX, n=5); sham-operated animals (SH, n=5); animals submitted to pinealectomy followed by capsaicin stimulation (200 nM) after 15 days (PX + CAP, n=7); and animals that received capsaicin solution (200 nM) and intraperitoneal melatonin (10 mg/kg) (CAP + MEL, n=5). Control rats, receiving vehicle in the cisterna magna, showed a small number of c-fos-positive cells in the TNC (layer I/II) as well as the sham-operated and pinealectomized rats, when compared to animals stimulated by capsaicin. On the other hand, pinealectomized rats, which received capsaicin, presented the highest number of c-fos-positive cells. Animals receiving capsaicin and melatonin treatment had similar expression of the vehicle group. Our data provide experimental evidence to support the role of melatonin and pineal gland in the pathophysiology of neurovascular headaches.
J Headache Pain 2009 Apr
PMID:Melatonin treatment decreases c-fos expression in a headache model induced by capsaicin. 1917 28

A rare case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) was found in the lungs of a 68-year-old male patient. He was referred to our hospital because of visual disturbances, confusion, and headaches. Upon admission, a chest-Abdomen-Pelvis CT scan (CT scan of CAP) showed a right posterobasal pulmonary lesion process associated with liver metastases and a lytic lesion of the vertebral body of D3. Brain MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) revealed secondary brain lesions above and below the tentorium. Image guided liver biopsy showed a suspicious site of malignancy. In the histopathological examination, a diagnosis of MPNST was established. A biological agent, Imatinib, was administered and the patient underwent cerebral radiotherapy. CT scan of CAP showed a partial tumor response according to Chun's criteria. Pre-existing literature indicates that MPNSTs with metastases to the brain are very rare and have a poor prognosis - survival after brain metastases would be about 10 months. Our case report agrees with the literature, as the disease stabilized with treatment up to 7 months, after which the patient was unreachable and our team lost track of him. Our case report appears to be one of the first cases of primary MPNST in the lungs with brain metastases.
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PMID:Primary intrapulmonary malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: A rare case. 3326 29