Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 7-year-old boy, having had headache and vomiting for one month, was operated for a tumour in the left side of the posterior fossa. The tumour, weighing 52 g, infiltrated the dura mater, leptomeninges, and also, superficially, the left cerebellar hemisphere. The patient died five weeks after operation. Light and electron microscopical examination revealed a granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma). Pre- and postoperative blood examinations, together with postoperative and autopsy bone marrow examinations, showed no sign of acute myelogenous leukaemia. This is the second reported case of primary intracranial chloroma with no preceding sign of acute myelogenous leukemia, and the first case with cerebellar infiltration.
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PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) of the cerebellum and meninges a case report. 28 6

Chloroma is a granulocytic sarcoma with it's characteristic greenish color. Recently there is an increased number of cases that are apparently aleukemic when the tumor mass is first presented. Recently we experienced a case of granulocytic sarcoma with characteristic green color (chloroma), which showed no evidence of leukemia in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. This patient presented headache, and was diagnosed brain tumor on computed tomography. A left parietal cranietomy was done to remove a large central dome-like mass, 8 cm, involving the dura with a slightly dusky greenish solid appearance. Compact nests of moderately mature granulocytes and immature cells comprised the tumor. Histochemical and electron microscopic studies confirmed these tumor cells as myeloid cells in varying stages of maturation. Several days after the operation, left cervical lymph nodes became palpated, and the biopsied lymph nodes revealed same neoplastic cells seen in the skull. However, bone marrow aspiration, biopsy and peripheral blood smears did not show any evidence of leukemia.
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PMID:Intracranial granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) in a nonleukemic patient. 326 73

A 43-year-old woman with a past medical history of breast cancer and an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) presented with headache over a 3-week period. The clinical examination was completely unremarkable. CT and MRI scans showed a contrast enhancing lesion in the left temporal lobe. Histopathologic examination revealed a malignant, hematopoietic tumor with high mitotic activity, areas of necrosis and diffuse infiltration of the brain parenchyma. Positive staining for Chloroacetateesterase and lysozyme of tumor cells identified its myeloid lineage. The diagnosis was granulocytic sarcoma (GS)/chloroma, a metastatic manifestation of AML. Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) most often occurs in patients with AML, myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative disorders, and can involve any organ. However intracerebral manifestation of GS is a rare event. In this case histopathological features and differential diagnoses of intracerebral GS are discussed.
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PMID:A 43-year-old woman with a temporal mass. 1661 89

Intracranial granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) may occur rarely in leukemia. A 27-year-old male presented with an isolated recurrence of granulocytic sarcoma manifesting as an intraaxial mass 27 months after complete remission of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. He was admitted due to a severe headache and blurred vision. Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an enhanced mass which was initially interpreted as an extraaxial tumor in the right temporal region. Because of increased intracranial pressure and the mass effect, open biopsy with surgical resection was performed. The biopsy result indicated that intraaxial lymphoblastic leukemia infiltration had caused CNS relapse. Although granulocytic sarcoma occurs primarily in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia, the authors report a rare case of intraparenchymal granulocytic sarcoma in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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PMID:Isolated recurrence of intracerebral granulocytic sarcoma in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report. 1664 13

Introduction A 74-year-old man presented to hospital with a headache, thrombocytopaenia and an acute deterioration in cognition on a background of acute monocytic leukaemia in remission. Method This is a case report with computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) and histopathology imaging. Results Preoperative CT and limited MR demonstrated a subdural lesion with marked midline shift. Craniotomy performed for evacuation of the presumed subdural haematoma revealed a solid tumour-like lesion. Histopathology identified the presence of a myeloid sarcoma (chloroma). Postoperative MRI with contrast revealed the solid nature of the mass. Conclusion The use of contrast is critical in the assessment of intracranial lesions to distinguish myeloid sarcoma from subdural haematoma in the context of leukaemia and a neurologically deteriorating patient.
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PMID:Diagnosis in subdural myeloid sarcoma. 2813 24

Leukapheresis has been used widely to quickly reduce white blood cell count (WBC) in patients with hyperleukocytosis. Despite its wide utilization, leukapheresis has risks of complication, which have not been thoroughly reported in pediatric patients. No report was found in English literatures about leukapheresis complications in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We reported a 4-year-old girl with ALL and hyperleukocytosis, with no sign of bleeding. After leukapheresis, WBC and platelet count decreased, and patient complained of headache. Neurological deficit developed quickly afterwards. Intracranial infection was suspected clinically. Contrast-enhanced head CT revealed multiple hyperdense lesions and diffuse cerebral oedema. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with multiple intraparenchymal hemorrhage, and leukapheresis was stopped. Intracranial hyperdense lesion in leukemic patients has many differential diagnosis, such as infection, granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma), and hemorrhage. Lesion characteristics in CT could help point the diagnosis. History of leukapheresis should also raise suspicion of hemorrhage. This article discussed CT characteristics of multiple brain hemorrhage in pediatric ALL after leukapheresis and how to differentiate it with other common intracranial complications of leukemia.
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PMID:Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and leukapheresis: CT evidence of hemorrhagic complication. 3298 52