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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Femovan contains 30 mcg of ethinyl estradiol and 75 mcg of gestodene. Gestodene has been used in combination oral contraceptives since 1987 in 38 countries with hardly any effect on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism or fibrinolysis. Its contraceptive reliability for menstrual cycle control and tolerance was examined. A total of 102.769 women aged 18-35 with 593.455 menstrual cycles were included in 2 phases. Most of the women were German women, but the study included women from Europe and Latin America. Although 2-8% of the women took Femovan irregularly, only 3 pregnancies occurred in 414 English women (4704 cycles), 7 in 3267 German women (36.711 cycles), and 124 in 95.906 German women (523.477) as a result of forgetfulness. The pearl index reached .16 and .22 in the 2 phases, respectively, under client failure, and .07 and .06 under method failure. Bleeding ranged from .6-2.8% of cycles, while spotting was 4.5-8.2%. The omission of menstrual bleeding occurred in less than 1% of this population. Tension in the breasts, headache, and nausea with nervousness occurred in up to 10% of the women. Nervousness, vertigo, and depression was significantly less frequent. Acne and edema occurred only in a few cases. The average increase of body weight was a maximum of .8 kg. Blood pressure was unchanged for a few cases. There were 2 and 26 cases, respectively, of thromboembolitic diseases in the 2 phases amounting to .3 and .6/1000 woman years of use which compares to .4-1.7/1000 of the Oxford-Family Planning Association cohort study results. Femovan was discontinued on medical grounds (headache, nausea, and irregular bleeding) in 10.3% of 3267 German women and in 7.5% of 95.906 German women. Femovan's acceptance rate was remarkably high, and it proved to reliable and well-tolerated.
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PMID:[Clinical experiences with femovan (Gynera)]. 209 80

The efficacy and safety of buserelin acetate in the treatment of endometriosis was studied in 4 open non-comparative trials and 2 open randomized comparative trials with danazol. 444 women were enrolled in the buserelin group and 89 in the danazol group. Treatment was for 6-10 months using 900-1200/micrograms intranasal buserelin/day and 400-800/micrograms oral danazol/day; patients were followed up for 6-8 months. Endometriotic lesions improved or disappeared in most women; pain (dysmenorrhoea, dyspareunia and pelvic pain) subsided rapidly. Most women had no, or alleviated, symptoms throughout follow-up, although ovarian function resumed promptly. Nearly a quarter of infertile women with a desire for children became pregnant. No significant differences between treatments emerged. Buserelin treatment was characterized by menopausal-like symptoms in most women, as well as by headache and nausea. Danazol treatment, which also gave rise to these effects, was accompanied by weight gain, myalgia and acne in a considerable proportion of women, as well as other anabolic and androgenic side effects. Buserelin would thus appear to be a safe and effective alternative to the standard therapy, danazol, in the treatment of endometriosis.
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PMID:Efficacy and safety of intranasal buserelin acetate in the treatment of endometriosis: a review of six clinical trials and comparison with danazol. 210 46

Clinical experience with Femovan (Schering AG, Berlin), a combined oral contraceptive containing 0.075 mg gestodene and 0.030 mg ethinyl estradiol, in 3267 women at 165 hospitals and private practices in Germany, from December 1985-February 1988, is presented. 46% were new pill users, 54% switched from other formulations, usually contained 0.030 mg ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel, desogestrel, norethisterone or lynestrenol. Each subject gave informed consent, was within 10% of normal weight, kept a menstrual diary, and attended for follow-up at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 months. They averaged 24.7 years old. 98.7% continued for 6 cycles; 56.6% for 12 cycles and 33.4% for 18 cycles. While 90% of the dropouts did not return for follow up, stated reasons for stopping were 10.3% for minor side effects of headaches, intermenstrual bleeding and weight gain, and 8 for planned pregnancy. 7 pregnancies were recorded, 5 related to errors in taking tablets or 2 or more pills, giving a Pearl Index of 0.065 for method failure and 0.16 for patient failure. Both the flow and duration of menstrual bleeding tended to decrease. Intermenstrual bleeding occurred in 15.9% of new pill users, declining to 3.7% of all women by the 4th-6th cycles, often associated with omitted pills. There were no significant changes in weight or systolic or diastolic blood pressure. Numbers of complaints of minor side effects decreased or disappeared in 50-85%. Acne developed in 58 women but declined to 14 women after 12 cycles; acne pre-existed in 377 women improved in 41% after 3 cycles.
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PMID:Long-term experience with a low-dose oral contraceptive. 215 May 81

The effects of ketoconazole, a synthetic imidazole derivate, were evaluated in 42 women affected by acne (17 cases) and/or hirsutism (36 cases) treated with 400 mg/day for 3-6 months. Androstenedione, total and free testosterone, 5 alpha dihydrotestosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone levels progressively dropped during treatment while 17 alpha hydroxyprogesterone, estradiol, ACTH, cortisol, LH and FSH levels increased. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate decreased only towards the end of treatment, while estrone, sex hormone binding globulin, and PRL remained unchanged. Daily mean +/- SD rate of hair growth, measured by a special image analysis processor, decreased within 3 months of therapy from 0.258 +/- 0.058 to 0.184 +/- 0.039 mm/day (P less than 0.02) and mean +/- SD hair diameter from 0.123 +/- 0.015 to 0.110 +/- 0.013 mm (P less than 0.05) together with decreasing hormone levels. The therapeutic effects of ketoconazole on hirsutism was evident at 6 months in only 14 subjects, while no significant change in hirsutism score was recorded in 22 women who failed to complete the therapy. Acne improved in all cases. Several side effects and complications arose during treatment, such as headache, nausea, loss of scalp hair, hepatitis, and biochemical changes. Even though ketoconazole improves hyperandrogenism, only selected patients are eligible for treatment as scrupulous monitoring is required.
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PMID:Ketoconazole therapy for women with acne and/or hirsutism. 216 69

Four cases of benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) associated with minocycline therapy are described. All subjects were young women being treated for acne. The durations of therapy from the onset of minocycline treatment until the diagnosis of BIH was made were 25 days, 4 weeks, 4 months and 18 months. Headache was severe in all cases. Two had intermittent visual obscurations. Papilloedema was present in each case. CT brain scans did not show any focal abnormalities other than the presence of small ventricles. Cessation of minocycline reversed the disease process though the resolution was much slower in the patient with the longest history of minocycline intake. One subject still had persisting lower nasal quadrantic field loss 6 months after cessation of minocycline. In each case the diagnosis of benign intracranial hypertension related to minocycline was not made by the primary referring doctor, indicating the need for increased awareness of this cause of headache.
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PMID:Minocycline-induced benign intracranial hypertension. 253 72

28 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome were treated for 12 months with the new preparation SH B 209 AE, consisting of 0.035 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg of cyproterone acetate. This was the first clinical trial of estroprogestational therapy on a homogeneous sample of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrine findings indicated a significant decrease in all hormonal parameters, the invariableness of prolactinemia, a considerable increase in sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) at the 6th treatment cycle examination, a continuous significant decrease in 17 beta E2 and androstenedione from the 6th to the 12th treatment cycles. In terms of clinical findings, there was a significant decline in the severity of acne, seborrhea, and hirsutism during drug administration. The menstrual cycle in the 28 study subjects remained under control during treatment, and there were no pregnancies. Side effects such as weight gain, nausea, headache, and changes in libido were not reported. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that administration of the new monophasic contraceptive association SH B 209 AE can normalize endocrine patterns in polycystic ovary syndrome and improve its androgenic symptomatology. The low content of estrogen, the changes in clinical and hormonal parameters, the low incidence of side effects, and the good control of the menstrual cycle provided by this treatment make SH B 209 AE deserving of more widespread application.
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PMID:A new association of ethinylestradiol (0.035 mg) cyproterone acetate (2 mg) in the therapy of polycystic ovary syndrome. 294 60

A 19 year-old woman complained of headache and nausea occurring while she was taking minocycline for acne. Examination showed bilateral papilloedema and a bilateral VIth nerve palsy. Symptoms and signs rapidly resolved after the drug was stopped. Benign intracranial hypertension due to tetracyclines is well known in infants. It is rare in adults. Its pathophysiology remains unknown. The role of vitamin A is inconsistent. Others biological factors or personal susceptibility could be involved.
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PMID:[Benign intracranial hypertension and minocycline]. 213 95

8 women, aged 17-25, with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) were treated with Practil 21 (Organon) containing 30 mcg of ethinyl estradiol and 150 mcg of desogestrel, or with Planum (Menarini). Checkups were conducted 3 and 6 months later to measure hormone levels. The average level of testosterone dropped significantly from 121.5 (+ or - 50.9) ng/dl to 23.1 (+ or - 10.6) ng/dl after 3 months. The level of androstenedione also decreased significantly from 265.2 (+ or - 101.4) ng.dl to 96.7 (+ or - 22.5) ng/dl. Similarly, the level of 17-hydroxyprogesterone declined from 120.5 (+ or - 69.8) ng/dl to 24.5 (+ or - 10.7) ng/dl . On the other hand, the level of sex hormone binding globulin rose from 1.3 (+ or - .6) mcg/100 ml to 3.9 (+ or - 1.8) mcg/100 ml. Cortisone level increased significantly from 15 (+ or - 3.2) mcg/100 ml to 30.6 (+ or - 10.4) mcg/100 ml after 3 months, but the normal range (5-20 mcg/100 ml) was attained at the end. Ecographic evaluation of the size of the ovaries indicated a 18.2-66.5% reduction after 3 months. In 3 cases, the number and dimension of follicles also diminished conspicuously. Acne, hirsutism, and other symptoms of hyperandrogenism also declined. Side effects were minor and included slight weight gain, spotting and headache; treatment was suspended in only 1 case because of a grand mal seizure. The administration of this new monophasic OC proved to be a valid alternative therapy for PCO.
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PMID:[Changes in plasma levels of androgens and SHBG in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs) treated with oral contraceptives containing desogestrel]. 297 29

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Minulet, a new low-dose combination oral contraceptive (OC) containing 75 mcg of gestodene and 30 mcg of ethinyl estradiol, a multicenter trial involving 239 women was conducted in Switzerland. Of the 239 subjects, 187 (78%) were monitored for 6 cycles of OC use and 24 (10%) were followed for 3 cycles, yielding a total of 1265 cycles for observation. No pregnancy occurred during the study period, despite the fact that 1 or more pills had been forgotten in 17.1% of cases. Cycle length and the intensity and duration of bleeding were favorably affected by Minulet use, especially in women with a prior history of prolonged, heavy bleeding. Spotting occurred in 8.2% of subjects by cycle 3, but this rate was reduced to 5.9% by cycle 6. Breakthrough bleeding alone occurred in 2.1% of the cycles. The amenorrhea rate was 1.6% after cycle 6. There were no serious side effects, and symptoms such as headache, depression, breast tenderness, acne, nervousness, and dizziness were actually reduced as a result of OC use. Most notable was the decrease in dysmenorrhea, from 40% before beginning OC use to 13% after 3 months and 8% after 6 months. No significant effects on systolic or diastolic blood pressure were recorded among study participants, nor were there significant weight changes. Of the 17 women who terminated the trial due to side effects, metrorrhagia accounted for 17% of the terminations, depression for 14%, nausea for 14%, and headache for 13%. The findings of this trial, in terms of reliability, cycle control, and tolerability, suggest that Minulet has considerable potential as a new contraceptive choice.
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PMID:Clinical experience in Switzerland with the new monophasic oral contraceptive Minulet (75 mcg gestodene, 30 mcg ethinyl oestradiol). 307 5

An IUD placed in the uterine cavity that secretes levonorgestrel (LNG) at the rate of 20 mcg a day has been studied over the course of 14 years. In this contraceptive around a Nova T stem, covered with a silicon membrane. 20 mcg levonorgestrel is sufficient to produce 10 mcg, even after 5 years duration. During its use the duration and amount of menstruation decreases significantly. Therefore, blood hemoglobin and iron content is decreased. In spite of the amenorrhea, studies have shown that production of estrogen and ovary function have been normal. Both fertility and menstruation return quickly after the contraceptive is removed, generally after five years of use. The LNG device has proven very reliable. The pregnancy index during the five years of study was 0.4, and at least some of the pregnancies were caused by spontaneous expulsion of the contraceptive. If the menstrual flow returns to normal, there is reason to suspect that the IUD has come out. Headaches and acne are listed as common side effects associated with this method. It is mostly recommended for women over 30 who are in stable relationships and who want their fertility to return. LNG prevention does not protect against infections. Therefore, education is important for successful use of this method.
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PMID:[Hormonal coils]. 333 Nov 47


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