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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Brain stem glioma is the third most common childhood brain tumor, comprising 10-15% of this group of neoplasms. Typical presenting symptoms include ataxia, diplopia and headache, while signs of increased intracranial pressure occur later in the clinical course. Although prolonged failure to thrive, characterized by cachexia and vomiting are rare manifestations of brain stem lesions, in this study we report a 9.5-year-old boy with failure to thrive since infancy which remitted after excision of a brain stem astrocytoma.
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PMID:Chronic dysphagia, vomiting and gastroesophageal reflux as manifestations of a brain stem glioma: a case report. 248 55

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Brain stem and cerebellar edema rarely have been described as the principal manifestation of hypertensive encephalopathy. In addition, secondary hydrocephalus has been described in only a few cases in the literature. We present an unusual case of posterior fossa swelling and hydrocephalus resulting from hypertensive encephalopathy. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 53-year-old man presented with increased shortness of breath, headache, and visual changes, which had been worsening for several months. Blood pressure on presentation was 253/140 mm Hg. Neuroradiological studies revealed brain stem swelling predominantly affecting the pons, with compression of the adjacent cisterns and fourth ventricle and resultant hydrocephalus. The diagnosis of brain stem glioma was briefly entertained. INTERVENTION: The patient's blood pressure was brought under control with medical management, and he was treated with dexamethasone for 48 hours. Subsequent neuroradiological studies revealed decreased posterior fossa edema as well as marked improvement in the hydrocephalus. CONCLUSION: Hypertensive encephalopathy can present principally in the posterior fossa and can give rise to obstructive hydrocephalus. Invasive treatment of the hydrocephalus is not necessarily required in this clinical setting because reduction of the blood pressure may result in rapid improvement of the hydrocephalus.
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PMID:Posterior fossa swelling and hydrocephalus resulting from hypertensive encephalopathy: case report and review of the literature 1037 34

Intracranial germinoma arising primarily in the midbrain is extremely rare. We present the first reported case of cystic midbrain germinoma that lacked evident solid components and mimicked a midbrain glioma. In a 22-year-old man with headache and diplopia, magnetic resonance imaging showed a ring-enhancing lesion in the midbrain. The preoperative diagnosis included brain stem glioma, metastasis, and neuroepithelial cyst. A neuroendoscopic biopsy specimen provided a histologic diagnosis of germinoma. The patient responded well to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The case illustrates the diagnostic value of neuroendoscopic biopsy in the differential diagnosis of brainstem lesions in adult. The possibilities considered should now include germinoma.
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PMID:Primary midbrain cystic germinoma mimicking glioma: a case with neuroendoscopic biopsy. 1655 47