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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Benign paroxysmal vertigo in children is characterized by sudden attacks of vertigo lasting seconds or minutes. During the attack, the child has nystagmus and is unable to stand without support. Initially, the attacks are frequent, later slowly disappearing. Nineteen children who were diagnosed in 1975-1981 participated in a follow-up study. Sixteen of them were examined with audiometry and electronystagmography. Age at onset was from 5 months to 8 years, and the symptoms disappeared after 3 months to 8 years. The follow-up was performed 13 to 20 years after diagnosis. Twenty-one percent developed migraine which is somewhat more than in a normal population of this age. Thirty-nine percent had a family history of migraine which is a figure considerably lower than in a migraine population. None still had vertigo or a balance disorder. Our conclusion is that benign paroxysmal vertigo has a favorable outcome, and it is not a general precursor of migraine.
Headache 1999 Jan
PMID:Benign paroxysmal vertigo in childhood: a long-term follow-up. 1561 92

This review focuses on so-called "periodic syndromes of childhood that are precursors to migraine," as included in the second edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Presentation is characterized by an episodic pattern and intervals of complete health. Benign paroxysmal torticollis is characterized by recurrent episodes of head tilt, secondary to cervical dystonia, with onset between ages 2-8 months. Benign paroxysmal vertigo presents as sudden attacks of vertigo lasting seconds to minutes, accompanied by an inability to stand without support, between ages 2-4 years. Cyclic vomiting syndrome is distinguished by its unique intensity of vomiting, affecting quality of life, whereas abdominal migraine presents as episodic abdominal pain occurring in the absence of headache. Their mean ages of onset are 5 and 7 years, respectively. Diagnostic criteria and appropriate evaluation represent the key issues. Therapeutic recommendations include reassurance, lifestyle changes, and prophylactic as well as acute antimigraine therapy.
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PMID:Childhood periodic syndromes. 2000 56

This review focuses on the so-called "periodic syndromes of childhood that are precursors to migraine", as included in the Second Edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Three periodic syndromes of childhood are included in the Second Edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders: abdominal migraine, cyclic vomiting syndrome and benign paroxysmal vertigo, and a fourth, benign paroxysmal torticollis is presented in the Appendix. The key clinical features of this group of disorders are the episodic pattern and intervals of complete health. Episodes of benign paroxysmal torticollis begin between 2 and 8 months of age. Attacks are characterized by an abnormal inclination and/or rotation of the head to one side, due to cervical dystonia. They usually resolve by 5 years. Benign paroxysmal vertigo presents as sudden attacks of vertigo, accompanied by inability to stand without support, and lasting seconds to minutes. Age at onset is between 2 and 4 years, and the symptoms disappear by the age of 5. Cyclic vomiting syndrome is characterized in young infants and children by repeated stereotyped episodes of pernicious vomiting, at times to the point of dehydration, and impacting quality of life. Mean age of onset is 5 years. Abdominal migraine remains a controversial issue and presents in childhood with repeated stereotyped episodes of unexplained abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting occurring in the absence of headache. Mean age of onset is 7 years. Both cyclic vomiting syndrome and abdominal migraine are noted for the absence of pathognomonic clinical features but also for the large number of other conditions to be considered in their differential diagnoses. Diagnostic criteria, such as those of the Second Edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders and the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, have made diagnostic approach and management easier. Their diagnosis is entertained after exhaustive evaluations have proved unrevealing. The recommended diagnostic approach uses a strategy of targeted testing, which may include gastrointestinal and metabolic evaluations. Therapeutic recommendations include reassurance, both of the child and parents, lifestyle changes, prophylactic therapy (e.g., cyproheptadine in children 5 years or younger and amitriptyline for those older than 5 years), and acute therapy (e.g., triptans, as abortive therapy, and 10% glucose and ondansetron for those requiring intravenous hydration).
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PMID:[Childhood periodic syndromes]. 2044 66