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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper describes the few case reports of neurological effects of acute (primary) HIV infection. Following a typical primary illness (fever, sore throat, headache, rash, lymphadenopathy, superficial oral ulcers, conjunctivitis, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia) aseptic meningitis, myelopathy, spinal myoclonus, peripheral or cranial neuropathy, neuralgia and ganglioneuronitis may occur, usually within 3 weeks. Encephalopathy with spontaneous recovery also occurs, usually without other features of acute HIV infection. Diagnosis depends on demonstration of seroconversion which may be delayed by weeks. No therapy is yet available.
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PMID:The neurological features of acute HIV infection. 304 55

Lyme disease is a multisystem disorder resulting from infection by the tick-borne spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Fever, chills, malaise and headaches; a characteristic rash; and subsequent polyarthritis typically herald the onset of this condition. Neurologic involvement may occur with skin and joint manifestations or present alone as meningitis, cranial neuritis, and radiculopathy known as Bannwarth's syndrome. We report the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytomorphologic and immunocytochemical features of four patients who presented with isolated meningitis, cranial neuritis, and painful neuropathy without initial history of specific skin rash or previous tick bite. Initial CSF findings of significant numbers of markedly atypical plasmacytoid mononuclear cells suggested CSF non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma. Immunocytochemical studies on CSF specimens, however, revealed polyclonal surface immunoglobulin patterns consistent with an inflammatory reaction. Follow-up clinical history and/or peripheral blood serologic testing for antibody titers with B. burgdorferi antigen confirmed the diagnosis of Lyme disease in all four cases. We conclude that Lyme disease may present as atypical spinal fluid lymphoplasmacytic cellular infiltrates that simulate malignant lymphoma and that appropriate immunocytochemical studies and peripheral blood serologic testing be performed to establish this diagnosis and direct appropriate therapy.
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PMID:Lyme disease meningopolyneuritis simulating malignant lymphoma. 322 55

A study of neurological disorders and services is presented. The ten most common neurological diagnoses were headache, back disorders, neuropathy, cerebrovascular disease, dizziness/insomnia, myopathies, soft tissue disorder, intracranial injury, neurological symptoms (numbness, etc.), and Parkinson's disease. The pattern of diseases is similar to that reflected in the prevalence of those in the US. The annual beneficiary rate was 1.6% of the population, the median age was 45 years, and the majority (52%) served were females. There were 1.8 annual services per beneficiary and the median hospital stay was 9 days. Ambulatory care accounted for the majority (62%) of services and 64% of the inpatient services were delivered by neurosurgeons. The majority of the admissions (61%) and of the ambulatory services (55%) were provided in Regina.
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PMID:Neurological disorders and services in Saskatchewan--a report based on provincial health care records. 326 99

We report a woman who developed atypical cluster headache as the first manifestation of trigeminal dysfunction from leptomeningeal lymphoma. Progression to a complete trigeminal neuropathy led to resolution of her pain. The role of the trigeminal nerve in the expression of the signs and symptoms of cluster headache is discussed.
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PMID:Lymphomatous meningitis presenting as atypical cluster headache. 367 Aug 72

This report describes a patient with cluster headache who developed anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy during an attack of headache, an association not previously described. A possible pathophysiologic mechanism based upon the understanding of optic disc physiology and ocular vascular pathology in headache syndromes is proposed.
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PMID:Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy secondary to cluster headache. 370 30

Trichloroethylene is an industrial solvent used primarily in degreasing operations with some use as an anesthetic agent as well. The primary route of exposure is inhalation and the central nervous system effects consist of headache, nausea, sleepiness, burning of the eyes. Human cases of intoxication have been associated with trigeminal neuropathy, however this is probably caused by a breakdown product dichloroacetylene. Fatal exposures may be the result of cardiac failure. Chronic exposure in industrial settings may cause alterations in a variety of behavioral parameters such as reduced memory and intellectual functioning. Experimental human exposures reveal fatigue and sleepiness effects and possible alterations in reaction time, but no deterioration in performance on manual dexterity tasks up to 300 ppm exposures. Animal experiments using acute exposures generally fail to reveal behavioral effects at concentrations below 1000 ppm, with a range of 75-2000 ppm. Cessation of exposure results in rapid behavioral recovery with no residual behavioral deficits. Exposure of dogs to 3000 ppm chronically results in severe cerebellar pathology, with no trigeminal nerve damage. No neurochemical effects of exposure have been documented. The neurobehavioral literature on the toxic effects of trichloroethylene is fragmented and poorly documented suggesting that more and better quality work is needed to understand the potential toxicity of this compound.
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PMID:The neurobehavioral toxicity of trichloroethylene. 627 43

Analysis of face pain is predicated on knowledge of the structures of the face, head, and neck that may generate this sensation. Of particular importance in this process are historical data; characteristics of the pain, as elicited in history taking, should lead to the definition of recognized syndromes that may threaten a patient's survival or function and for which appropriate intervention may bring relief. Among these syndromes are trigeminal neuralgia and neuropathy, cluster headache, cranial arteritis, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and psychogenic face pain.
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PMID:Neurologic analysis of face pain. 646 69

Neurologic involvement of Lyme disease typically consists of meningitis, cranial neuropathy, and radiculoneuritis, alone or in combination, lasting for months. From 1976 to 1983, we studied 38 patients with Lyme meningitis. Headache and mild neck stiffness, which fluctuated in intensity, and lymphocytic pleocytosis were the common findings. Half of the patients also had facial palsies, which were unilateral in 12 and bilateral in seven. In addition, 12 patients had motor and/or sensory radiculoneuropathies; asymmetric weakness of extremities was the most common finding. Although incomplete presentations of neurologic involvement of Lyme disease may be confused with other entities, the typical constellation of neurologic symptoms represents a unique clinical picture.
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PMID:Neurological findings of Lyme disease. 651 50

In a plant producing vinyl chloride by the emulsion method 200 workers who were exposed to vinyl chloride for 1 to 25 yr (mean 14), 58 (i.e. 29%) were free of complaints and nervous disturbances. An astheno-autonomic syndrome was found in 54 (i.e. 27%) and in 88 (i.e. 44%) in combination with positive neurological findings, i.e. pyramidal syndromes (in 52), cerebellar disturbances (in 38), trigeminal neuropathy (in 24) and extrapyramidal symptoms (in 3), in various combinations - pyramidal + cerebellar in 12, trigeminal + pyramidal in 7, trigeminal + cerebellar in 5. Headaches (48%), nervousness (26%), decrease in physical strength (16%), loss of memory (14%), sleeping disturbances and somnolence were the most frequent complaints. Scleroderma-like skin changes were found in ten subjects, but only six of them had any neurological disturbances. Occupational exposure to vinyl chloride was lower in workers without neurological findings. Frequency of the arterial hypertension was the same in both groups, whereas acroparesthesias, Raynaud's syndrome, and increased gamma GTP serum activity were significantly more frequent in workers with neurological disturbances. Sixty-two per cent of the neurologically positive group and only 24% of the negative group reported euphoric or narcotic states after exposure. This probably indicates episodic exposures to high concentrations of vinyl chloride. This difference points to a possibility that neurological disturbances may be related to short exposures to peak concentrations. The neurological injury may be both a direct neurotoxic effect of vinyl chloride and secondary to vascular disorders.
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PMID:Vinyl chloride disease-neurological disturbances. 662 5

Bilateral centrocaecal scotomata have been recognised as a sign of intrinsic optic nerve disease, usually associated with hereditary optic neuropathy, and nutritional or toxic amblyopias. This report describes four patients with central scotomata due to intracranial masses, three of whom recovered after surgical intervention. The clinician should be alerted to the association in patients with headaches, other neurological signs, and central visual loss.
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PMID:Bilateral central scotomata due to intracranial tumour. 673 68


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