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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventy-two patients (69 women and 3 men) with benign intracranial hypertension were examined. Besides general clinical signs, such as headache in 71, giddiness in 29, vomiting in 19, poor health in general in 18, painful movements of the eyeballs in 11, unsteady walking in 10, ringing in the ears in 9, noise in the head in 3, all the patients developed changes in the organ of vision. Congestive optic disks were detected in all the cases. Obnubilations were detected in 34 (47.2%) patients, diplopia in 5 (6.9%). Vision acuity was reduced in 33 (45.8%) patients, visual field was limited in 23 (31.9%). Forty-three patients completely recovered, negligible residual symptoms of benign intracranial hypertension persisted in 16, and all symptoms of the condition were virtually unchanged in 13 patients. Vision acuity remained reduced in 10 (13.9%) patients, and one female patient developed amaurosis of both eyes.
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PMID:[Visual functional disorders in benign intracranial hypertension]. 807 84

Sixty (29%) of 205 consecutive patients with transient ischemic attacks registered in a hospital stroke data base had headache within 72 hours of onset. Headache was significantly more common in nonsmokers (odds ratio = 2.8; 95% confidence interval = 6.7 to 1.2). Headache was infrequent in patients with amaurosis fugax, and was not significantly associated with any other particular clinical presentation of transient ischemic attack. Headache was more common in vertebrobasilar (33%) than in carotid distribution (24%) episodes, and was not rare in transient ischemic attacks presenting as lacunar syndromes (29%). Headache was less frequent in patients whose computerized tomograms showed an infarct appropriate to the symptoms (odds ratio = 0.2; 95% confidence interval = 0.02 to 1.4). A diffuse headache was more common in patients with lacunar events than in patients with cortical attacks (odds ratio = 3.0; 95% confidence interval = 13 to 0.07). No other association was found between headache location and the presumed involved vascular territory. Headache in patients with transient ischemic attacks is poorly related/explained by the clinical characteristics of the ischemic event.
Headache 1995 Oct
PMID:Headache associated with transient ischemic attacks. 853 Feb 79

Epidural anaesthesia is commonly used in obstetrics (70% of all deliveries in the maternity units of Lille University Hospital). Four cases are reported: headache followed by diplopia and amaurosis, delayed lumbosacral paraesthesia, early paraesthesia of the left lower limb, severe cephalalgia. Etiological analysis allowed to find the causes of these disorders and to exclude any anaesthesia responsibility, moreover permitting adapted treatments. The medicolegal aspect must be emphasized and also the need of an extensive medical investigation to find out the aetiology and propose an appropriate management.
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PMID:[Management of neurologic manifestations after obstetrical epidural anesthesia]. 856 70

Sudden hearing loss is common, but unexplained in many cases. Although usually attributed to a viral infection of the inner ear in most patients, the abrupt onset of the hearing loss in many patients argues against a viral etiology. We present 13 cases of unexplained sudden hearing loss who meet the diagnostic criteria for migraine. All had the sudden onset of hearing loss and other neurologic phenomena that could be attributed to vasospasm, including vertigo, amaurosis fugax, hemiplegia, facial pain, chest pain, and visual aura. We suggest that vasospasm of the cochlear vasculature was the cause of the sudden hearing loss in these patients. A personal and family history of migraine should be sought in patients with sudden hearing loss and when found, a trial of antispasmodic agents should be considered.
Headache 1996 Jan
PMID:Migraine as a cause of sudden hearing loss. 866 32

The incidence, pathophysiology, symptoms, differential diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmoplegic and retinal migraines are reviewed. We describe three cases: one recurrent, painful ophthalmoplegia alternating between the III and VI nerves, one recurrent migraine associated with internal ophthalmoplegia, and one migraine with visual aura and retinal infarction. In our review we emphasize their infrequency (ophthalmoplegic migraine, 0.7 per million; retinal migraine 0.5-7% of migraines with aura), their uncertain pathophysiology and the possibility of causing permanent oculomotor or visual deficits. Differential diagnoses, including all causes of painful ophthalmoplegia and amaurosis fugax are discussed, with special attention to the difficulty of differentiating Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and forms without headache.
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PMID:[Ophthalmoplegic and retinal migraines]. 964 38

Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery is rarely submitted to surgery. We report a case successfully operated on with complete restoration of the cerebral blood flow. A 43-year-old male was admitted to our hospital 10 days after an episode of amaurosis fugax of the left eye, left sided headache and paresis of the right arm of a few hours duration. A diagnosis of dissection of the left internal carotid artery was made by duplex and triplex ultrasound examination and was confirmed by cerebral arteriography in contrast to magnetic resonance angiography which was misleading. Due to the slow arterial flow from the right to the left cerebral hemisphere through only the posterior communicating arteries we envisaged the possibility of a cerebral infarction if the dissection were to be extended. For this reason a surgical procedure was performed by excising the dissected segment and inserting a venous graft for the re-establishment of the arterial flow. Surgical treatment of spontaneous internal carotid dissection should be considered very carefully when the clinical and laboratory findings suggest the possibility of an impending stroke.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of spontaneous internal carotid dissection. 975 2

The German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) suffered, since his forties, from a migraine with aura which showed a significant exacerbation in his seventies, coinciding with the onset of symptoms of a senile dementia of Alzheimer's type. Recorded symptoms of Kant's migraine include recurrent scintillating scotomas, one episode of diplopia, two episodes of complete amaurosis and frequent headaches described as oppressions of the head. The said symptoms of Kant's migraine can be traced not only in his letters and in accounts of his contemporary biographers, but also in the philosopher's published work.
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PMID:[The migraine of Immanual Kant]. 1094 59

The significance of the risk factors and the rapid diagnosis of encephalic vascular disease (EVD) is the reason for this research, where the authors decided to register and analyze the non-medical people knowledge about these risk factors and the symptoms of this group of disease. For this purpose a questionnaire with questions about these facts was applied to 500 voluntaries without pre-selection, 72.6% of them with ages between 16-35 years old, and the answers analyzed by statistical methods. The authors recognized that the risk factors has a good level of knowledge by this population (87.8 % for hypertension, 76.8 % for smoking, 70.8 % for obesity, 68.7 % for sedentary persons, 66.7 % to stress, 66.3 % to alcohol ingest, 60.7 % for fat diet, 59 % to illicit drugs) while the signs and symptoms of EVD has a minor level of knowing and correction: lost sensitivity 70.3 %, headache 64.2 %, twisted mouth 59.5 %, lost or altered speech 57.5 %, dizziness 56 %, syncope 51.7 %, amaurosis 50.3 %, disequilibrium 45 %, deafness 31.2 %, weakness 41.1 %, nervousness 20.7%, chest pain 20.2 %, fatigue 15.3 % and tinnitus 18.9 %. According this data, the authors suggest that the correction or prevention of risk factors as well the precocious medical attention by the recognition of symptoms of EVD must be the object of public health programs.
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PMID:[Lay knowledge about stroke]. 1459 81

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension in children is rare. We analyzed clinical presentation and outcome in eight patients (six girls and two boys) diagnosed with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The mean age was 11.1 years. The most common clinical features were headache, papilledema and visual disturbance (visual loss and diplopia). Response to treatment was satisfactory in all patients except one who presented almost complete bilateral amaurosis requiring extracranial shunting and who later developed optic atrophy. Outcome is usually is benign, but given the possibility of severe loss of visual function, close ophthalmic follow-up is recommended until complete resolution.
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PMID:[Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: clinical features and outcome]. 1463 26

Cerebral reperfusion following carotid endarterectomy occasionally causes cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome. This is a rare but important complication and this case report acted as a stimulus for a literature review of this problem. A 60-year-old businessman had a right carotid endarterectomy for a severe stenosis which had caused recurrent attacks of amaurosis fugax. The left internal carotid artery had occluded asymptomatically. The operation and his immediate postoperative recovery were entirely uneventful but he developed right-sided headaches and focal sensory motor seizures. He subsequently recovered. Hemodynamically compromised patients appear to be at greater risk and as the mortality of the operation is reduced and more complex patients are treated, it is likely that this unusual complication will increase in incidence.
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PMID:Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome-a case report and literature review. 1559 80


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