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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is a challenging condition because of its variability of clinical symptoms and signs. It is very often unrecognised at initial presentation. All age groups can be affected. Large sinuses such as the superior sagittal sinus are most frequently involved. Extensive collateral circulation within the cerebral venous system allows for a significant degree of compensation in the early stages of thrombus formation. Systemic inflammatory diseases and inherited as well as acquired coagulation disorders are frequent causes, although in up to 30% of cases no underlying cause can be identified. The oral contraceptive pill appears to be an important additional risk factor. The spectrum of clinical presentations ranges from headache with papilloedema to focal deficit, seizures and coma. Magnetic resonance imaging with venography is the investigation of choice; computed tomography alone will miss a significant number of cases. It has now been conclusively shown that intravenous heparin is the first-line treatment for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis because of its efficacy, safety and feasability. Local thrombolysis may be indicated in cases of deterioration, despite adequate heparinisation. This should be followed by oral anticoagulation for 3-6 months. The prognosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is generally favourable. A high index of clinical suspicion is needed to diagnose this uncommon condition so that appropriate treatment can be initiated.
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PMID:Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. 1097 29

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is frequently associated with neurological complications, particularly intracerebral bleeds and infections. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis has only rarely been reported following allogeneic transplants. We report three cases of cortical venous thrombosis following allografting for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Two patients received marrow from HLA-identical siblings and one from an unrelated donor. Two of the patients presented with grand mal seizures and one presented with a headache. No neurological abnormalities were found upon clinical examination and lumbar puncture was normal in all three cases. In two of the patients computed tomography (CT) of the brain was normal and in the third showed non-specific abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with MR angiography (MRA) demonstrated cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in all three patients. In conclusion, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis when neurological symptoms occur following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. We therefore advocate the use of MRA for unexplained neurological symptoms post-allograft since without it cerebral venous sinus thrombosis may easily be missed.
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PMID:MR angiographic diagnosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. 1074 67

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) can present with a headache similar to that after a dural puncture. We report on a patient who developed postural headache after epidural anesthesia for delivery. The headache became more intense during the following 6 days, and the patient had a tonic clonic seizure. A magnetic resonance angiogram demonstrated CSVT, and anticoagulation therapy was started, with resolution of the symptoms over 2 wk. Any postdural-puncture headache that loses its positional character, becomes persistent, or does not improve with a properly performed blood patch should raise the suspicion of CVST.
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PMID:Postural headache in the presence of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. 1624 19

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare and potentially deadly condition. Common etiologies include hypercoagulable diseases, low flow states, dehydration, adjacent infectious processes, oral contraceptives, hormonal replacement therapy, pregnancy, and puerperium. Symptoms include nausea, seizures, severe focal neurological deficits, coma, and headache (the most common presenting symptom). Anticoagulation is the mainstay of treatment for CVST. Transvenous clot lysis can be performed using injected thrombolytic agents and specialized catheters for clot retrieval.
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PMID:Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. 1637 32

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis can present with a variety of clinical symptoms ranging from isolated headache to deep coma. Subarachnoid haemorrhage is a rare presentation. In the report, we describe a case of non-puerperal venous thrombosis of many dural sinuses manifesting on imaging solely as localized subarachnoid haemorrhage without underlying parenchymal involvement.
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PMID:Subarachnoid haemorrhage as a presentation of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. 1664 39

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) rarely occurs in children but has a mortality rate as high as 20%-78%. Because the clinical manifestation of this disease has no specificity it is easy to be misdiagnosed. This paper reported a case of CVST and reviewed the relevant literatures regarding to the pathogenesis, clinical and pathological features, diagnosis and treatment. The patient (male, 8 months old) was referred to the Beijing Children's Hospital with paroxysm headache and after vomiting for 50 days and having double visions for 2 days. He was definitely diagnosed with CVST by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance venography (MRV). His neurological symptoms were improved after receiving intravenous urokinase and hormonal therapy for three weeks followed by oral anticoagulation. It is concluded that headache and papilledema are the most frequent symptoms in CVST and that MRI and MRV may be primal methods for the diagnosis of CVST.
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PMID:[Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis]. 1678 94

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT) can affect all age groups, particularly women of childbearing age. Overall prognosis for survival and functional independence is better than it was believed. Mortality usually ranges from 6-15% and transtentorial herniation is the major cause of death. Approximately 80% of patients are functionally independent in the long term. Altered mental status and cerebral haemorrhage at presentation are the strongest predictors of death and disability. Patients with CVT related to pregnancy and puerperium generally do better than patients with other causes. Septic CVT carries a worse prognosis than aseptic CVT and of the latter, patients with syndrome of isolated intracranial hypertension have a better prognosis than those with focal deficits or encephalopathy. Anticoagulation is believed to improve outcome in CVT although robust data are lacking. Epilepsy, headaches, visual loss, pyramidal deficits and cognitive impairment are some of the long term sequelae. The risk of recurrence of CVT is low, particularly after the first 12 months of the first episode.
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PMID:Prognostic indicators in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. 1718 90

Headache represents up to 4% of all emergency department (ED) visits. Emergency physicians generally are concerned with identifying those patients whose headaches are caused by life-threatening conditions. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis may be difficult to diagnose clinically because of its various and nonspecific manifestations. The most frequent but least specific symptom of sinus thrombosis is severe headache, which is present in more than 90% of adult patients. In the case report we present, a patient had severe headache and was diagnosed until third ED visit at different hospitals. He had one of the most unusual causes of headache, that is, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis due to hyperthyroidism.
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PMID:A rare cause of headache: cerebral venous sinus thrombosis due to hyperthyroidism. 1835 72

We report the case of a woman who developed cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after an attempted epidural. The epidural was complicated by an accidental dural puncture and the ensuing headache was initially treated with an epidural blood patch. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is an uncommon condition with varying aetiology and risk factors. We discuss the importance of the differential diagnosis for postpartum headache and explore the relationship between cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and the triad of pregnancy, dural puncture and epidural blood patch.
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PMID:Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis following accidental dural puncture and epidural blood patch. 1849 37

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis during pregnancy or puerperium is not a rarity. Nevertheless, it is often misdiagnosed. With the increasing use of regional anaesthesia in obstetrics the differential diagnosis of postdural puncture headache is often difficult. The case of a patient is reported who suffered from both intracranial hypotension and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in the postpartum period.
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PMID:[Postpartum cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after epidural anaesthesia]. 1910 52


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