Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Japanese encephalitis, an inflammatory brain disease prevalent in Southeast Asia, usually presented with fever, headache, convulsions, brain stem signs with pyramidal and extrapyramidal features, and altered sensorium. Acute transverse myelitis, as the initial manifestation of Japanese encephalitis, is an unusual manifestation and is seldom reported. We hereby report a case of 13-year-old adolescent boy who presented to us with fever and acute onset paraparesis with urinary retention initially, progressing to quadriparesis and then followed by headache and altered sensorium. Brain MRI revealed bilateral basal ganglia that were grossly swollen with vasogenic edema tracking along internal capsule and midbrain. Adjacent ventrolateral thalamus and internal capsule also showed mild abnormal intensities. Spinal screening showed abnormal cord intensities in entire cord with gross edema in cervical and conus regions. He had elevated IgM titres against JE virus in cerebrospinal fluid. The patient was treated conservatively along with intravenous methyl prednisolone for 5 days. He regained near normal power at 3 months in followup, but hesitancy, dysarthria, and slowness of movement still persisted. To conclude, a young boy presenting with ATM in an endemic region of JE, then a possibility of Japanese encephalitis, should be sought by clinicians as early use of immunomodulator shows survival benefit.
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PMID:Acute transverse myelitis (ascending myelitis) as the initial manifestation of Japanese encephalitis: a rare presentation. 2358 73

Context: In West Nile virus (WNV) encephalitis, polio-like illness has been reported but there is no report on acute transverse myelopathy. Design, Setting and Participants: We report a patient with WNV myelopathy admitted in a tertiary care teaching hospital, India along with review of the literature. Findings: A 34 year-old lady presented with fever, headache, diarrhea, seizure, bulbar weakness and quadriplegia for 20 days. Her encephalopathy, bulbar and upper limb weakness improved within few days but flaccid areflexic paraplegia persisted till 6 months with a horizontal sensory level at D3. Electromyography was suggestive of anterior horn cell involvement and somatosensory evoked potential was unrecordable. MRI revealed middle cerebellar peduncle, pons and whole of spinal cord involvement. We could get 11 articles with spinal cord involvement in WNV infection in the medical literature through PubMed search. Their clinical, MRI and electro-diagnostic findings and outcome have been discussed. Conclusion/Clinical Relevance: Acute transverse myelitis may occur in WNV encephalitis and EMG may be helpful in confirming anterior horn cell involvement and predicting outcome.
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PMID:Myelopathy in West Nile virus encephalitis: Report of a case and review of literature. 3012 85