Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The recent development of SPECT has introduced a new procedure to evaluate neurological diseases. By mean of Tc99mHM-PAO we studied a group of 19 pediatric subjects (7 males and 12 females) with different form of migraine, within five days after the last headache attack. Postictally SPECT shows regionally decreased CBF in 3/4 of HM, in 5/6 of BAM, in 5/5 of CM and in 2/4 of M.
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PMID:Brain SPECT and migraine in childhood. 158 Jan 99

The authors report the results of a retrospective controlled study on the incidence of migraine in centro-temporal epilepsy compared to absence epilepsy, partial epilepsy and a group of patients with cranial trauma without epilepsy. The following observations from this series of 129 patients were made. Migraine was present in 63% of the patients with centro-temporal epilepsy (rolandic epilepsy), in 33% with absence epilepsy, in 7% with partial epilepsy and in 9% of the cranial trauma group. These results suggest that the association of centro-temporal epilepsy and migraine is non-fortuitous and also to a lesser degree in absence epilepsy. The role of neurotransmitters in this association is discussed. No decrease in cerebral blood flow was observed in 12 patients with rolandic epilepsy on a Hm-PAO SPECT study.
Cephalalgia 1991 Dec
PMID:Migraine in patients with history of centro-temporal epilepsy in childhood: a Hm-PAO SPECT study. 179 May 74

99mTC HM-PAO SPECT brain imaging was performed during the headache-free period in 19 young migraineurs, affected by common migraine (CM, 10 cases), classic migraine (CLM, 6 cases) and hemiplegic migraine (HM, 3 cases). SPECT findings were negative in all 10 patients with CM, in 3 cases of CLM and in 2 cases of HM. Positive findings in the remaining 4 patients (3 cases of CLM and 1 of HM) showed a decreased tracer distribution in the temporo-occipital regions (2 cases) and parietal regions (2 cases): the two with decreased temporo-occipital perfusion reported prodromal symptoms exclusively contralateral to the areas of hypoperfusion. An impaired regional cerebral vascular autoregulation may exist even during headache-free intervals in patients suffering from classic and hemiplegic migraine.
Headache 1990 Oct
PMID:99mTc HM-PAO SPECT in pediatric migraine. 227 14

Somatostatin analogue (Sandostatin; SMS 201-995) is utilized as a therapy in acromegaly because of its efficiency in inhibiting GH secretion; it induces some clinical improvements, such as headache remission in acromegalic patient, which seem to be unrelated to Gh normalization. We have examined 8 acromegalic patients, suffering from headache, after injection of saline solution and subsequently of SMS 201-995 (100 y), in order to study the mechanism of analgesic effect induced by Sandostatin administration. Headache, by autovaluation test, heart rate frequency, PAO, sistolic and diastolic blood velocity in medial cerebral artery, by utilizing Transcranial Doppler Sonography (SDSV), have been measured before and after saline and after SMS 201-995. GH and beta-endorphin have been also assayed in plasma samples. All patients have shown a rapid and complete improvement in headache after Sandostatin administration. At the same time we have observed an increase in SDSV and a parallel slight increase in PAO values, more evident in the diastolic phase. Plasma beta-endorphin assay has shown rather conflicting results after SMS 201-995 administration. Our results confirm an important and rapid analgesis effect of Sandostatin on acromegaly headache unrelated to GH normalization. The cerebral emodinamic changes suggest their involvement in Sandostatin induced analgesia.
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PMID:[Analgesic effect of Sandostatin (SMS 201-995) in acromegaly headache]. 227 13

Technetium-99m hexamethylpropyleneamineoxime ([99mTc]HM-PAO) brain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed with a dual head rotating scintillation camera. Normal tracer distribution and side/side differences of counting rates were obtained in 11 healthy volunteers. Almost stable gray/white matter ratios were found (1.97-2.1) in one normal subject during 2 hr after tracer administration. Eighty-three investigated patients had the following diagnoses (in parentheses is percent of positive findings in each group): cerebral vascular disease 18 (94.4%), epilepsy 23 (82.6%), extrapyramidal disorders 8 (100%), dementia 12 (100%), headache 11 (63.6%), psychiatric disorders 11 (27.3%). In addition, SPECT was performed in 28 male volunteers during motor or visual imagery tasks and a significant increase (p = 0.035) of relative tracer deposition was observed in the left inferior occipital region during visual imagery when compared with motor imagery. The results indicate that [99mTc]HM-PAO SPECT is valuable for demonstrating pathologic and physiologic changes of the brain.
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PMID:Initial experience with technetium-99m HM-PAO brain SPECT. 349 89

It is generally agreed upon that the attacks of migraine with aura are indicative of abnormal cerebral perfusion, while the permanence of such perfusion abnormalities during the pain-free intervals of migraine remains debated. This study was aimed at assessing: 1) the presence of cerebral perfusion abnormalities also during the interictal phase and 2) the role of SPET with 99mTc HM-PAO to diagnose migraine. Twenty-eight patients (22 women and 6 men), diagnosed as having migraine with aura according to the International Headache Society (Headache Classification Committee criteria), were submitted to SPET studies, within 10 days of the last attack. 99mTc HM-PAO was used as perfusion tracer and a single head rotating gamma camera equipped with a high-resolution collimator was used for data acquisition. The qualitative analysis of SPET images showed slight hypoperfusion areas in 22 of 28 patients (79%). In 12 of 22 patients (55%) a regional correlation was observed between hypoperfusion areas and the neurologic symptoms of aura. The results of the present study are in agreement with the current physiopathologic interpretation of migraine with aura, confirming the instability of cerebral perfusion control, even with instrumental evidence of perfusion abnormalities in the interictal period. Moreover, SPET with 99mTc Hm-PAO seems to be a useful tool in the diagnostic assessment of migraine.
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PMID:[Significance and usefulness of SPECT with Tc-99m HMPAO in the diagnosis of hemicrania with aura]. 775 29

Amitriptyline is the medication of first choice in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache. In 197 patients with chronic tension-type headache (87M and 110F with a mean age of 38 +/- 13 (18-68)) efficacy and tolerability of 60-90 mg amitriptylinoxide (AO) were compared with 50-75 mg amitriptyline (AM) and placebo (PL) in a double-blind, parallel-group trial consisting of a four weeks' baseline phase and 12 weeks of treatment. The primary study endpoint was a reduction of at least 50% of the product of headache duration and frequency and a reduction of at least 50% in headache intensity. Statistics used were Fisher's exact test and analysis of variance. No significant difference emerged between AO, AM and PL with respect to the primary study endpoint. Treatment response occurred in 30.3% of the AO, 22.4% of the AM and 21.9% of the PL group. A reduction in headache duration and frequency of at least 50% was found in 39.4% on AO, in 25.4% on AM and in 26.6% on PL (PAO-PL = .1384, PAM-PL = 1.000, PAO-AM = .0973). A reduction in headache intensity of at least 50% was found in 31.8% on AO, in 26.9% on AM and in 26.6% on PL (PAO-PL = .5657, PAM-PL = 1.000, PAO-AM = .5715). Trend analysis with respect to a significant reduction of headache intensity (p < 0.05) and the product of headache duration and frequency revealed a superior effect of AO.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cephalalgia 1994 Apr
PMID:Efficacy and tolerability of amitriptylinoxide in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache: a multi-centre controlled study. 806 54

Tricyclic antidepressants, especially amitriptyline, are the medication of first choice in the treatment of chronic tension headache. Few previous studies meet modern standards of study design and statistical analysis. Tolerability and efficacy of 60-90 mg amitriptyline oxide (AO) as a single dose in the evening were compared with 50-75 mg amitriptyline (AM) and placebo (PL) in a double-blind, parallel-group trial consisting of a 4-week baseline phase and 12 weeks of treatment. The 3-armed study was conducted in 7 centers. The inclusion criterion was tension-type headache on at least 15 days monthly with a duration of at least 6 months. Exclusion criteria were a migraine history, previous participation in another clinical trial within the last 3 months, drug abuse, medication with other antidepressants or tranquilizers, current use of other acknowledged prophylactic headache medication, lack of compliance, major psychiatric disorder according to DSM-III and medical contra-indications against tricyclic antidepressants. The primary study endpoint was a reduction at least 50% of the product of headache duration and frequency and a reduction at least 50% in headache intensity. Statistics used were Fisher's Exact Test and an analysis of variance. A total of 211 patients were included in this trial. One hundred ninety-seven cases, 87 males and 110 females, with a mean age of 38 +/- 13 (18-68) years, could be analysed completely (66 AO, 67 AM, 64 PL). With regard to the strictly defined primary study endpoint, no significant difference emerged between AO, AM and PL: treatment responders were 30.3% with AO, 22.4% with AM and 21.9% with PL (PAO-PL = 0.3210, PAM-PL = 1.000, PAO-AM = 0.3299 respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Effectiveness and tolerance of amitriptyline oxide in chronic tension headache--a multicenter double-blind study versus amitriptyline versus placebo]. 845 Aug 93

Previous studies have shown that migraine with aura is associated with the reduction of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). However, the question of whether the reduction of rCBF during migraine aura is caused by cerebral vasospasm or is secondary to the neural depression (spreading depression) is still disputed. We measured rCBF by high resolution SPECT method during the attack of migraine and examined whether the reduction in flow corresponds to the cerebral vascular territory. Fourteen patients with migraine with aura (7 men and 7 women, 34.7 +/- 17.8 years) were studied. In all the patients rCBF was measured during the interictal period and in four patients rCBF was measured during the aura of migraine. SPECT measurements of rCBF was performed using Tc-99m-PAO (740 MBq) as a tracer. During the aura of scintillation scotoma in the unilateral visual field rCBF was reduced in the opposite occipital, temporal and thalamic regions which corresponded clearly to the region of the posterior cerebral arterial territory. The reduction of rCBF was by 31 approximately 49% compared with the opposite hemisphere. Cerebral spinal fluid lactate level during the headache measured in one patient was higher (38 mg/dl) than the interictal period (12 mg/dl). Our data indicated that the reduction of rCBF during the aura is caused by ischemia probably due to the cerebral vasospasm and is not secondary to the neuronal depression. It was also suggested that the primary site of rCBF reduction during the visual aura is the occipital association cortex which is reported to be responsible for the visual hallucination.
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PMID:[Regional cerebral blood flow during migraine]. 875 89

Temporal arteritis is a rare systemic autoimmune disease and the arteritic process in this case of temporal arteritis involved large and medium-size arteries. Temporal arteritis with internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion is very rare. We report a case of temporal arteritis with ICA occlusion following superficial temporal artery (STA) -middle cerebral artery (MCA) anastomosis, together with steroid therapy. A 73-year-old female presented with a headache, visual disturbance of left side, and suppression of activity. Left STA was inflammatory and overswelling. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and angiography revealed occlusion of the left internal carotid artery (ICA) at the cervical portion and lowering of vascular reserve on PAO SPECT. Diagnosis as temporal arteritis was conclusive due to the clinical presentation, laboratory studies, and left temporal artery biopsy, so steroid pulse therapy was initiated. Inflammation of left STA disappeared after steroid therapy, but left ICA occlusion on angiography and lowering of vascular reserve on SPECT remained for 3 months afterwards. Because of this, STA-MCA anastomosis was performed. There were no complications after the operation and the donor artery has been patent for two years. Temporal arteritis with ICA occlusion that requires extracranial-intracranial bypass (EC-IC bypass) is very rare. STA-MCA anastomosis with steroid therapy is effective for the prevention of cerebral infarction.
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PMID:[Superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis in a patient of temporal arteritis with internal carotid artery occlusion: a case report]. 2222 22


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