Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report 40 cases of temporal arteritis, of which 16 were associated with pseudo-polyarthritis, and 8 cases of polyarthritis alone. The clinical picture of temporal arteritis in the elderly, includes headaches in 95% of cases, clinical changes in the superficial head arteries in 75% of cases, joint and muscle signs dominated by pseudo-polyarthritis in 40% of cases; general signs were practically constant. A major inflammatory syndrome was also constant. From the histological point of view, there was pan-arteritis with giant cells, and their wide diffusion is shown by the presence of eye signs in 27.5% of cases, brain signs in 10% of cases, and extra-cephalic vascular signs in 10%. The relationship in classification between temporal arteritis and polyarthritis of the roots of the limbs is recalled. The course is long, the duration of corticosteroid therapy should never be less than two years; relapses are common but the mortality appears low.
 ...
PMID:[Temporal arteritis and rhizomelic pseudo-polyarthritis. Clinical aspects and nosologic problems. Apropos of 48 cases]. 20 69

Sulphasalazine, devised by Dr Nana Svartz for the treatment of 'infective polyarthritis', has been used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease for more than 40 years. Many controlled trials have shown that sulphasalazine 4g daily will induce remissions in between one-half and three-quarters of patients with acute attacks of ulcerative colitis. When given in a dosage of 2g daily it will prevent relapses in quiescent colitis. Relapses are 5 times more likely in untreated patients. It is less effective in Crohn's disease, where it exerts only a transient benefit in patients with active colonic disease and fails to prevent relapse or recurrence. Sulphasalazine is absorbed from the small intestine, re-excreted in bile and carried to the colon, where its azo bond is split by bacteria to release sulphapyridine, which is absorbed and is responsible for most of the drug's side effects, and 5-aminosalicylic acid, which is the active therapeutic moiety of the drug and exerts a beneficial topical action on the colonic mucosa. Side effects are common but are mainly reversible and not serious. Those related to high concentrations of sulphapyridine and to poor acetylation of the drug include gastrointestinal intolerance, malaise, headache, arthralgia, drug fever, effects on red blood cells and reversible male infertility. More serious, idiosyncratic side effects are skin rashes, leucopenia and agranulocytosis. Rarely, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, polyarteritis, pulmonary fibrosis, a lupus-like syndrome and haemorrhagic colitis are produced. It is possible to desensitise most patients with drug-induced skin rashes. A number of less toxic alternatives to sulphasalazine have been devised and are undergoing trial. They either convey 5-aminosalicylic acid in a coated tablet to the colon or, when conjugated to a non-toxic carrier, release 5-aminosalicylic acid by bacterial cleavage there. Sulphasalazine remains a most useful drug in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease after 40 years of use.
 ...
PMID:Sulphasalazine: a review of 40 years' experience. 287 47

Lyme disease is a multisystem disorder resulting from infection by the tick-borne spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Fever, chills, malaise and headaches; a characteristic rash; and subsequent polyarthritis typically herald the onset of this condition. Neurologic involvement may occur with skin and joint manifestations or present alone as meningitis, cranial neuritis, and radiculopathy known as Bannwarth's syndrome. We report the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytomorphologic and immunocytochemical features of four patients who presented with isolated meningitis, cranial neuritis, and painful neuropathy without initial history of specific skin rash or previous tick bite. Initial CSF findings of significant numbers of markedly atypical plasmacytoid mononuclear cells suggested CSF non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma. Immunocytochemical studies on CSF specimens, however, revealed polyclonal surface immunoglobulin patterns consistent with an inflammatory reaction. Follow-up clinical history and/or peripheral blood serologic testing for antibody titers with B. burgdorferi antigen confirmed the diagnosis of Lyme disease in all four cases. We conclude that Lyme disease may present as atypical spinal fluid lymphoplasmacytic cellular infiltrates that simulate malignant lymphoma and that appropriate immunocytochemical studies and peripheral blood serologic testing be performed to establish this diagnosis and direct appropriate therapy.
 ...
PMID:Lyme disease meningopolyneuritis simulating malignant lymphoma. 322 55

100 patients, from three internal medicine departments, were the subject of a retrospective study concerning the clinical manifestations and the evolution of Horton's disease. The mean age is 71 years, with a 2/1 female predominance. A temporal artery biopsy was obtained in all cases. Besides the prevalence of clinical symptoms (headaches: 80 p. cent; weight loss: 78 p. cent; fever: 65 p. cent; local inflammation: 52 p. cent, frequent pseudo-polyarthritis: 40 p. cent and sometimes severe ocular localizations (11 p. cent blindness), other signs should be emphasized: muscular pain (49%), skin hyperesthesias (37%), painful jaw (33%), etc. The inflammatory syndrome dominates the biological picture (96%); the alkaline phosphatases are increased in 37 p. cent of cases. Temporal artery biopsy was positive in 82 p. cent of cases, which confirms the excellent sensitivity of this test, preceded by a Doppler study in only 28 cases. Extension of the inflammatory process to the large vessels was demonstrated 8 times, on clinical data. Finally, the mean length of the steroid treatment was two years with 14 relapses and 8 deaths.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical and developmental aspects of Horton's disease. Retrospective study of 100 cases]. 328 62

The authors reported a case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated with bilateral epidural hematomas which had developed without any recent trauma. A 34-year-old male suddenly suffered from a severe headache and vomited several times. He had no neurological deficits on admission, but CT scans of the head revealed abnormal high density areas over the parieto-occipital regions beneath the calvarium bilaterally. At the operation, fresh epidural clots were removed. There were neither evidence of trauma nor abnormal structures which might have led to the development of the clots. He was discharged a month later, being free from any signs and symptoms. One year later, arthralgia progressed and cutaneous ulceration appeared on his feet. On the second admission, butterfly rash on the face, alopecia, polyarthritis and arthralgia, photosensitivity, systemic purpura and proteinuria were noted. With detailed immunological examinations and renal biopsy, he was diagnosed as SLE. SLE is often associated with neurologic and psychic disorders and there are some cases of intracranial hemorrhage among them. However, the association with epidural hematoma has not been reported to date. We think the degeneration of the dural vessels caused by underlying SLE resulted in the development of these epidural hematomas. We also reviewed the literature about spontaneous epidural hematoma and about bilateral epidural hematomas.
 ...
PMID:[A case of systemic lupus erythematosus associated with spontaneous bilateral epidural hematomas]. 401 Aug 85

A large outbreak of epidemic polyarthritis (EPA) caused by Ross River virus (RRV) occurred in New South Wales in the summer of 1983/1984. The total number of cases was unknown, but 1196 cases were confirmed by laboratory tests. Most patients came from the area west of the dividing range, with especially large numbers in the Murrumbidgee irrigation area. Cases were reported from October 1983 to June 1984, with 60% of cases occurring in January and February. The seasonal pattern was similar throughout the state. Men and women were affected in approximately equal numbers, with the highest frequencies in the 30-39 years' age group. Clinical illness was uncommon in young children. Based on a detailed study of 118 patients from Griffith, arthralgia, lethargy, rash and headache were the most common symptoms. The average period of incapacity (defined as inability to resume normal duties) was about six weeks. On this basis, the cost of the epidemic was estimated at about $3 million. There were 257 cases of EPA in the Griffith Shire and it was calculated that approximately 340 RRV infections occurred in the shire. The implication is that, in this outbreak, most RRV infections resulted in clinical illness.
 ...
PMID:A major outbreak of epidemic polyarthritis in New South Wales during the summer of 1983/1984. 404 44

In a family with 3 cases of acute anterior uveitis (AAU) the proband had 13 episodes of recurrent AAU associated 4 times with severe, throbbing ipsilateral headache. During one such episode he had an oculomotor palsy, hyperaesthesia of the cornea, and lack of spontaneous pulsations of the central retinal vein in the eye with AAU. An oculomotor palsy occurred twice intermittently between the AAU episodes. Carotid and vertebral angiographies confirmed the diagnosis of ophthalmoplegic migraine. Prostaglandins liberated by trauma, AAU, or other inflammation may be involved as mediators in ophthalmoplegic migraine attacks. All 3 patients with AAU had sacroiliitis and seronegative polyarthritis. One of their siblings had polyarthritis and one incomplete Reiter's disease. All of them were HLA-B27 positive whereas one healthy sibling was HLA-B27 negative. These findings support the hypothesis that HLA-B27 itself or a pleiotropic HLA-B27 linked gene predisposes the carrier to AAU, sacroiliitis, ankylosing spondylitis, and Reiter's disease.
 ...
PMID:Association of ophthalmoplegic migraine with familial acute anterior uveitis. 698 75

We present a female patient with typical third stage neuroborreliosis with progressive chronic encephalomyelitis. One month after a tick bite, in the first stage of Lyme disease, she had myalgias during ten days and after one year polyarthralgias and polyarthritis. Neurological problems occurred 15 years after the tick bite with headache, nystagmus, intentional tremor and spastic paraparesis with sphincter disturbances. Etiological diagnosis was established after three years. Cytobiochemical findings in cerebrospinal liquor were normal but oligoclonal IgG bands were found. Fluorescent antibody test was positive in serum (1:75) as well as ELISA (1:447). The patient reacted favourably to intravenous crystal penicillin 20 x 10(6) units daily during 18 days. Till now, she is in remission and has only mild paresis of the left leg.
 ...
PMID:[Chronic encephalomyelitis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. Case report]. 826 11

Renal biopsy of 32 patients who developed renal complications after treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were studied. The treatment with NSAIDs in these cases was used for many reasons such as: headaches, toothaches, dysmenorrea, osteochondrosis, polyarthritis and acute respiratory infections. The renal function of these patients, before the treatment with NSAIDs was normal. The renal biopsies were studied by light, electron and immunofluorescence microscopy. In 32 cases treated with NSAIDs renal changes were shown. There types of morphological changes were found: focal glomerulonephritis with crescents (FGN)(5 cases), acute tubulo-interstitial diseases (ATID)(8 cases) and lipoid nephrosis with tubulo-interstitial nephritis (LN)(19 cases). FGN and ATID possibly represent a hypersensitive reaction of predominantly humoral (FGN) or cellular (ATID) mechanisms. These types of reaction are also seen to occur with the use of various drugs (most commonly with penicillin type antibiotics). LN on the other hand is rarely, if ever, seen with any drugs but NSAIDs and therefore seems to be a characteristic change for NSAIDs and possibly related to the inhibition of renal prostaglandin synthesis by NSAIDs. NSAIDs-associated renal dysfunction is mainly observed in patients of an increased use of NSAIDs with ineffective circulatory plasma volume (advanced age, cardiovascular disease, overweight and hypovolemia of various causes).
 ...
PMID:NSAIDs associated nephropathy. 964 Sep 73

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that has a wide variety of clinical manifestation. Lung involvement may slowly undergo pulmonary fibrosis. Chronic sarcoid arthritis is a rare, usually non destructive arthropathy; may be a mono, oligo or polyarthritis. Knees, ankles, shoulders, wrists and small joint of the hands and feet may be involved. It can involve skin, eyes, exocrine glands such as salivary and lacrimal glands, and many other tissues. We describe the case of a 77 years old woman with a history of rhinopharyngitis with epistaxis and chronic laryngitis since youth; a dry mouth and throat, a erythematous, infiltrative skin lesion in the forehead and in the nape of the neck, a purple lesion of the left ear and nose, skin dystrophy of the hands from 30 years before. She underwent an operation for a left femoral fracture with hemotransfusion 14 years ago. Then she developed a polyarthritis of the small joints of the hands (II, III and IV right DIP, I, III, e V left DIP; III and V bilateral PIP), knees, tarsi, toes and left elbow. An HCV chronic hepatitis was discovered 6 years before. She is affected by productive cough, dysphonia, dyspnoea at rest, fever, headache and asthenia for over 5 years. Laboratory examination revealed leukopenia, HCV hepatitis with anti HCV, HCV-RNA, transaminases elevated and cryoglobulinemia. HCV may be involved in the etiopathogenesis of rheumatic diseases, lung fibrosis and may moreover contribute to the onset or progression of sarcoidosis; the possible pathogenesis is discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Chronic polyarthritis in a patient affected by sarcoidosis and chronic HCV infection. Case report and review of the literature]. 1210 83


1 2 3 Next >>