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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon but serious type of stroke. Thrombosis may involve the cortical or deep veins or the venous sinuses. The presenting clinical features are non-specific. We report a 48-year-old man with CVT who presented with fever, bitemporal throbbing headache, and generalised convulsion. Computed tomography (CT) of the brain revealed acute haemorrhages over right anterior frontal and posterior temporal regions with surrounding oedema and right anterior temporal subcortical oedema. The initial diagnosis was herpes simplex encephalitis. Absence of venous flow over the right transverse and sigmoid sinuses during the venous phase of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) revealed CVT. He was anti-coagulated for 6 months. An underlying cause of CVT was not detected. A high index of suspicion is required when risk factors of CVT are present. CT brain may be normal or showing non-specific findings. Magnetic resonance imaging plus venography, CT venography, or DSA is diagnostic.
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PMID:Cerebral venous thrombosis in a gentleman presenting with fever, convulsion and frontotemporal haemorrhages. 1574 28

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) can be difficult to diagnose because of its wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Its diagnosis may be further complicated when patients initially present with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We report on four patients with SAH revealing a CVT and discuss the role of imaging for diagnostic and pretherapeutic workup. In three women and one man presenting with severe headaches, images initially suggested SAH with no associated parenchymal bleeding. In all patients, SAH involved the sulci of the convexity and spared the basal cisterns. Digital subtracted angiography showed occlusion of intracranial venous sinuses but did not reveal any other cause of SAH. All patients improved with anticoagulant therapy. Risk factors for CVT and SAH, namely, head trauma and oral contraception, were identified in two patients. These cases highlight the fact SAH may reveal a CVT, which should be considered in the diagnostic workup of SAH, especially when the basal cisterns are not involved.
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PMID:Subarachnoid hemorrhage as the initial presentation of dural sinus thrombosis. 1576 Aug 75

Cerebral venous thrombosis presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is very rare. We report a case of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis as an initial manifestation of SAH. A 14-year-old boy was admitted with progressive headache, nausea, vomiting, diplopia, and gait disturbance. Cerebral computed tomography scan showed a widely SAH in the basal cisterns, bilateral sylvian fissures, and anterior interhemispheric fissure. Cerebral angiography was performed to detect any aneurysm in intracranial vasculature as a cause of SAH; however, the totally thrombosed superior sagittal sinus, galenic vein, and straight sinus were the sole abnormal findings.
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PMID:Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis presenting with excessive subarachnoid hemorrhage in a 14-year-old boy. 1632 76

Cerebral venous thrombosis is an unusual condition characterized by headache, nausea, vomiting, focal deficits and epileptic seizures. In this case report we describe a patient who presented with headache and focal motor deficits after an uneventful Caesarean section, performed using combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed because of the pronounced neurological symptoms, and a diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis was made. The patient was treated with anticoagulant agents and made a complete recovery. This case emphasizes the importance of considering cerebral venous thrombosis in the differential diagnosis of headache in the post-partum period prior to instituting conventional therapy.
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PMID:Cerebral venous thrombosis initially considered as a complication of spinal-epidural anaesthesia. 1637 91

Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare and life threatening condition that should be considered in all individual with unusual and intractable headache. Young adults and children are typically affected and the superior sagittal sinus is most often concerned by thrombosis. MRI is the most sensitive examination technique and is now required for early diagnosis, leading to an improved prognosis. One or several prothrombotic risk factors are identified in most patients but about 20% of cerebral venous thrombosis have no cause identified. Anticoagulation is started as soon as the diagnosis is considered, even in the presence of hemorrhagic infarcts, and rapidly improves the condition in most patients. In situ thrombolysis is exceptionally delivered.
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PMID:[Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis]. 1676 41

Cerebral venous thrombosis, also known as cortical venous, cerebral sinus, cerebral venous sinus, or dural sinus thrombosis, results from clot formation in one of the many outflow tracts of the brain. Obstruction of flow causes venous hypertension, which is responsible for clinical findings associated with this condition. Signs and symptoms of cerebral venous thrombosis include headache, nausea, mental status changes, seizures, and focal neurologic deficits. Although cerebral venous thrombosis can occur at any time during life, women are particularly vulnerable before delivery and during the postpartum period because of the hypercoagulable state that accompanies pregnancy. This case study describes the challenging clinical course of one postpartum patient who developed venous thrombosis of the sagittal sinus.
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PMID:A case of postpartum cerebral venous thrombosis. 1706 63

Cerebral venous thrombosis is a relatively uncommon condition afflicting mostly young adults. Thrombosis of cerebral veins or sinuses results in variable and nonspecific clinical features, including headache, lethargy, motor or sensory deficits, seizures, neck stiffness and sometimes fever. A multitude of conditions have been attributed as risk factors for CVT. The more common conditions include hereditary thrombophilia, pregnancy and purperium, postoperative state, intracranial and local infections and the use of oral contraceptives. Frequently, the cause of CVT is multifactorial, and in less than twenty percent of cases no clear risk factor is identified. In this review, we have focused on relatively rare and unusual causes of cerebral venous thrombosis. Many of the conditions described have very few reported cases and the causal relationship is not well established.
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PMID:Unusual causes of cerebral venous thrombosis. 1718 76

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an under diagnosed condition for acute or slowly progressive neurological deficit. CVT is less frequent than arterial thrombosis. CVT has a wide spectrum of signs and symptoms, which may evolve suddenly or over the weeks. It is clinically challenging and mimics many neurological conditions such as, meningitis, encephalopathy, benign intracranial hypertension, and stroke. With increasing awareness, CVT cases are now being diagnosed more frequently. Newer imaging procedures have led to easier recognition of venous sinus thrombosis, offering the opportunity for early therapeutic measures. It may be difficult to diagnose it on clinical grounds alone. Headache is the most frequent symptom in patients with CVT, present in about 80% of cases. Most common pattern of presentation is with a benign intracranial hypertension-like syndrome. The prognosis of CVT is worse in elderly subjects. The shorter the history the more likely is the presence of focal signs. Sixth cranial nerve palsy usually manifests as false localizing sign. Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) has been described, as the presenting event with CVT. Patients may have seizures that can be recurrent. Cranial nerve syndromes are seen with venous sinus thrombosis. Psychiatric disturbances are sometimes the presenting symptoms. CVT, an important cause of stroke in puerperium, is frequently observed in India. We have seen 6 patients of CVT out of 490 stroke registry. Of these 6, four were females and two were males. The mean age among females was 27.75 years and among males was 41.5 years. Of the 4 females two were postpartum; one was on oral contraceptive and in one Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) were positive. Amongst two males one had hyperhomocysteinemia and one had hyperlipidemia.
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PMID:Cerebral venous thrombosis--clinical presentations. 1718 79

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a challenging condition because of the variability of clinical presentations. CVT can present at all ages, but is seen more in young and middle-aged women. CVT does not necessarily occur only when there is an obvious underlying etiology. In almost 30% of cases, the etiology cannot be established. CVT can present with an acute thunderclap headache, fever, seizures, focal deficits, impaired sensorium, or papilloedema. Headache is known to be the most frequently associated initial complaint, and is present in more than 80% of patients, but it is not always remembered that headache can be the sole presenting complaint of CVT and even when early papilloedema is absent. Headache can occur in isolation in up to 5% of CVT cases. There is no identifiable, uniform, recognizable pattern of headache in CVT, but this article discusses the "Headache Profile" that is seen more commonly in this setting with an illustration of one such case where the innocuous headache turned sinister. Magnetic resonance imaging with venography is the investigation of choice to diagnose CVT; computed tomography alone will miss a significant number of cases. One must keep in mind the possibility of CVT in every patient who presents with new-onset headache of any type, any severity, and in any location, particularly when there is worsening in spite of analgesics. Earlier the diagnosis, earlier the treatment, better is the outcome.
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PMID:Incidence and pattern of headache in cerebral venous thrombosis. 1718 94

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) and Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) are rarely encountered thrombotic diseases of two different vascular systems. A 20-year-old woman in the 14th week of pregnancy was brought to the emergency department with complaints of sudden headache and loss of vision. Thrombosis in the left transverse and sigmoid sinus was demonstrated at MR angiography. She was diagnosed with BCS by using hepatic Doppler ultrasonography after an elevation of liver enzymes. Although CVT and BCS are rarely seen during pregnancy, they need emergency treatment because of high mortality.
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PMID:Cerebral venous thrombosis and hepatic venous thrombosis during pregnancy. 1721 71


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