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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cerebral infarction was documented by arteriography and serial computed cranial tomography (CT) in four young adults (ages 16 to 32 years) with migraine. In one case, posterior cerebral artery occlusion produced a deep parietotemporal infarct. The other three cases all had frontotemporal infarcts (one hemorrhagic) in the territory of the middle cerebral artery, without major arterial occlusion. Two infarcts produced lasting neurologic deficits; one was associated with mild, transitory symptoms, and one was asymtomatic. Laboratory investigations in two cases revealed no hematologic or cardiovascular predisposition to cerebrovascular disease. Cerebral infarction, as revealed by CT, may be more prevalent in "complicated" migraine than is generally appreciated. Such lesions may or may not develop in chronologic and anatomic relationship to the headache, and may involve either large or small arteries. The prognosis for functional recovery, based on this limited sample, seems favorable.
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PMID:Cerebral infarction and migraine: clinical and radiologic correlations. 57 76

Patients suffering from migraine, cluster headache and atypical cluster headache, including patients with chronic paroxysmal hemicrania, were studied with respect to corneal temperature, intraocular pressure and corneal indentation pulse amplitude changes during pain attacks. Significant rises in these three parameters were deomonstrated during attacks of cluster headache and atypical cluster headache, indicating that intraocular vasodilation with increased ocular blood flow occurs during attacks. No definite changes were found in migraine. The results strongly suggest that significant pathophysiological differences exist between migraine and cluster headache. The point is stressed that these disorders probably represent separate pathogenetic entities and should be classified as such, and not be grouped together within an ill-defined group of "vascular headache".
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PMID:Cluster headache syndrome and migrain. Ophthalmological support for a two-entity theory. 57 45

Clinical and angiographic findings in migraine are briefly reviewed in relation to cerebral hemodynamic changes shown by regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) studies. Three cases of migraine studied by the intracarotid xenon 133 method during attacks are reported. In classic migraine, with typical prodromal symptoms, a decrease in cerebral blood flow has been demonstrated during the aura. Occasionally, this flow decrease persists during the headache phase. In common migraine, where such prodromata are not seen, a flow decrease has not been demonstrated. During the headache phase of both types of migraine, rCBF has usually been found to be normal or in the high range of normal values. The high values may represent postischemic hyperemia, but are probably more frequently secondary to arousal caused by pain. Thus, during the headache phase rCBF may be subnormal, normal or high. These findings do not exclude the possibility of distension of the larger intracranial arteries during migraine headache, but the angiographic evidence, however limited, does not support this speculation.
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PMID:Cerebral hemodynamics in migraine. 59 97

The author analysed from the standpoint of familial history of headaches 89 cases of headaches treated at a neurological outpatient clinic in a period of 3 years. In 14 cases migraine was diagnosed, in 31 cases vasomotor headaches, in 16 post-traumatic headaches, in 7 psychogenic headaches, in 5 cases sinusitis, in 4 intracranial hypertension, in 12 cases the aetiology was unclear. In cases of vasomotor headaches in 90% of cases strong headaches were present in close relatives of the patients while in other groups the familial factor was infrequent.
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PMID:[Role of familial factor in vasomotor headache in children]. 60 Mar 46

Basilar migraine has been studied by Bickerstaff who considers that there is a vasoconstriction in the basilar territory resulting in transient ischemia with the corresponding neurological symptoms including vertigo, and followed by the vasodilatation causing the headache. Three cases, treated in neurology, have had an audiovestibular investigation with an E.N.G. and an audiogram and are described herein. Nystagmus and hearing loss have been observed in one of these cases and it is suggested that the internal auditory artery participates in the basilar migrainous processes. The diagnosis of basilar migraine is impossible to prove and the investigation is very limited. Finally it is the evolution of the patient which helps in establishing the diagnosis of basilar migraine.
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PMID:[Basilar migraine]. 61 47

Eleven patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) also had headaches and/or visual hallucinations typical of those found in migraine. These migrainous symptoms were commonly associated with exacerbations of SLE and abated as disease activity subsided. In some cases corticosteroids were more effective than conventional antimigraine therapy in controlling headaches and scotomas. The data suggest that migraine-like phenomena may arise as a result of vascular dysfunction in SLE.
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PMID:Migrainous phenomena in systemic lupus erythematosus. 62 96

Persons with the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have a significantly higher prevalence of globus and migraine-like headache than age-matched control subjects. On the other hand, persons with organic disease of the esophagus or colon may have a reduced prevalence of functional symptoms involving the opposite end of the gastrointestinal tract. The dispersed pattern of symptoms in IBS suggests that some agent, such as a hormone, may be acting systemically.
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PMID:Globus and headache: common symptoms of the irritable bowel syndrome. 63 Apr 98

Headaches that interfere with optimal functioning appear as often in children as in adults. Most common are tension (usually psychogenic) headaches. Brain tumors occasionally present as headaches; diagnosis rests on associated signs and symptoms. Migraine may cause frightening headaches, but prognosis is good for relief and long-term remission.
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PMID:Headaches in children: meeting the challenge of management. 63 64

The causes of chronic, recurrent headaches, the electroencephalographic findings and the response to phenytoin (Dilantin) and other medications have been evaluated in 100 children. A history of head injury was reported in 41% and convulsions had occurred in 15%. Electroencephalographic dysrhythmias were severe in 18 and moderate in 27%. Migraine was diagnosed in 42% and tension headaches in 18%; psychogenic factors complicated learning disabilities and minimal brain dysfunction in 21%. Phenytoin controlled migraine in 77% and headaches diagnosed as seizure equivalents in 40%; the response was unrelated to the degree of electroencephalographic abnormality. An abnormal electroencephalogram and response to phenytoin are insufficient criteria for a diagnosis of epilepsy in children with recurrent headaches.
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PMID:Recurrent headaches in 100 children. Electroencephalographic abnormalities and response to phenytoin (Dilantin). 63 3

Headache is an extremely common symptom, and many headaches undoubtedly have a relationship to stressful situations. The clear definition, however, of a "tension headache" complex and its differentiation from migraine in some patients is difficult. The problems are in the identification of a specific headache pattern induced by stress or "tension" and the relationship of the symptom to involuntary contraction of neck and scalp muscles. Treatment consists of analgesics and occasionally mild tranquilizers. Psychotherapy consists of reassurance and often other supportive measures, including modification of life styles. Various feedback techniques have been reported of value, but their superiority to suggestion and hypnosis is still problematic.
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PMID:Tension headache. 66 20


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