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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

After an initial four-week baseline phase, during which daily records of headache frequency and intensity and daily medication records were kept, 30 patients with frequent (at least one per month) migraine headaches were randomly assigned to three conditions: (1) temperature biofeedback, autogenic training, and regular home practice; (2) progressive relaxation with regular home practice; and (3) a waiting-list control condition. Comparisons of headache data from the four weeks of baseline and last two weeks of treatment showed that both the relaxation and biofeedback groups improved significantly on total headache activity, duration of headaches, and peak headache intensity and reduced consumption of analgesic medication, while the waiting list control group did not. All three groups showed significant decreases in headache frequency. Although the relaxation training was more effective than biofeedback training at the last week of treatment, follow-up data at one, two, and three months showed no differences between the two treated groups on any dependent measure.
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PMID:Temperature biofeedback in the treatment of migraine headaches: a controlled evaluation. 36 25

The value of clonidine (;Dixarit') for the prophylaxis of migraine has been assessed by a double blind cross-over trial. A dose of up to 0.15 mg daily was used. No effect on the frequency of the headaches could be detected over and above the 60 per cent reduction observed with a placebo. Severity, assessed subjectively by the patient, when it varied between placebo and clonidine, was less with clonidine (p<0.01). There was also some evidence that headaches lasting more than 12 hours were less common during treatment with the drug.
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PMID:Double blind trial of clonidine in the treatment of migraine in a general practice. 36 33

In a previous controlled group outcome study, a comparison of temperature biofeedback with progressive relaxation indicated that relaxation training was more effective in reducing migraine headache activity at the end of treatment. However, follow-up data obtained at 1, 2, and 3 months after the completion of treatment showed no difference between the two groups on any dependent measure. In the current study, 18 of 26 subjects who completed treatment in the original investigation collected headache data and completed a headache questionnaire 1 year subsequent to the conclusion of treatment in order to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of the two treatments. The results indicated that gains achieved in the reduction of headaches during both treatments were maintained at a 1-year follow-up. With the exception of medication consumption (for which relaxation training led to better long-term results) the 1-year follow-up data reveal no differential efficacy for temperature biofeedback or progressive relaxation in treating migraine headaches.
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PMID:Temperature biofeedback and relaxation training in the treatment of migraine headaches. One-year follow-up. 39 6

A survey of the literature is presented in two areas of biofeedback treatment for headache--muscle contraction and migraine--and a variety of miscellaneous pain syndromes. The studies done to date are characterized largely by lack of proper no-treatment or placebo control groups, by confounding biofeedback with a variety of other strategies, or by sample sizes too small to afford any reasonable conclusions about efficacy. There is some evidence that biofeedback works better for muscle contraction headache than false feedback, but it also appears that biofeedback is no more effective than relaxation training. The application of biofeedback to migraine or other pain syndromes remains of unproven value. Investigators seldom attempt to relate empirically their interventions to hypothetical models of pain mechanisms. The potential influence of extraneous factors linked to the therapeutic situation is pervasive in these studies, but examination of their specific roles in symptom reduction is largely missing. Some variables are listed which need to be examined and which may contribute to the alleviation of pain with much less expenditure of clinical resources than that demanded by biofeedback. Perhaps the main contribution of biofeedback has been to highlight such extraneous variables in the pain treatment setting.
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PMID:Biofeedback therapy for headache and other pain: an evaluative review. 39 8

A thorough neurological diagnostic investigation was carried out in 112 patients with chronic headache existing for an average of 14 years, using a case history questionnaire we had designed for the purpose. Apart from the history and clinical examination, the program included X-ray negatives, angiography, computer tomography, sequence scanning, electroencephalogram and echoencephalogram. Migraine was the most common diagnosis (54.5%). Three cases in which admission to a ward was necessary for more detailed examination are described and demonstrated with reference to neuroradiological illustrative material.
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PMID:[The informative value of diagnostic methods in chronic headache. A study of 112 cases (author's transl)]. 40 63

Phenylethylamine can initiate migraine-type headaches in susceptible individuals. Migraine sufferers have a reduced ability to deaminate all monoamines, but particularly phenylethylamine. Phenylethylamine readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and thus could be a mediator of the cerebrovascular disturbances seen in migraine attacks. Cerebral blood flow was measured in 15 anesthetized baboons by the intracarotid 133Xe clearance technique. Phenylethylamine (4 x 10(-7) moles.kg-1min-1) produced significant increases in cerebral blood flow (36 percent) and cerebral oxygen consumption (45 percent) during the first 40 minutes of infusion. In contrast, an increased phenylethylamine concentration (2 X 10(-6) moles.kg-1min-1) constricted the cerebral bed (cerebral blood flow reduced by 28 percent). The response of the cerebral circulation to hypercapnia was preserved during the infusion. Phenylethylamine thus is capable of producing in an experimental animal a pattern of cerebrovascular events similar to those seen in migraine.
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PMID:Phenylethylamine and cerebral blood flow. Possible involvement of phenylethylamine in migraine. 40 34

The controversial relations between migraine and vascular headache on one hand, epilepsy on the other hand are once more discussed: survey of the arguments for a more than fortuitous connexion, taken from literature and general experience. Critical analysis of the personal case material. Discussion of some specific groups of patients with various combinations of both syndromes: long antecedents of headaches, leading up to sporadic epileptic attacks, focal or generalized; clinical seizures under photic stimulation (10% of the cases with chronic headaches without organic lesions); headaches in the latency period of symptomatic epilepsy; cases of seeming transition between the two syndromes; headaches as a substitute, an aura or as a component of the epileptic seizure, with clearly distinctive features between generalized and focal epilepsy: in patients with bilateral EEG paroxysms, headaches are usually diffuse or bilateral, in those with epileptogenic foci, headaches, if consistently localized, are always reported to be homolateral to the focus. Considerations concerning pathogenesis include the familiar hypothesis of hypoxic discharges following migrainous vasoconstriction, as well as secondary vascular headaches induced by focal epileptic activity. Headaches caused by excessive discharges in the sensory representation areas (H. Jackson) must be rare. Whether increased neuronal activity in the hypothalamus may be responsible for the migraine syndrome (Herberg), possibly in connection with biogenic amines, remains in open question.
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PMID:[Epilepsy and headaches (author's transl)]. 41 Jun 25

Sixteen diagnosed functional headache patients treated with biofeedback techniques of frontalis EMG feedback and/or peripheral temperature feedback, with an average headache history of 18.2 years, were evaluated at an average interval of 37 weeks posttreatment. On the average, patients showed further improvement in their headache status as measured by average daily headache pain scores in contrast with termination values. Data were obtained via structured interviews conducted by an individual not involved in patient's treatment. Patients on the average showed declines in frontalis EMG during the follow-up sessions, but not increases in temperature as had been expected. The unclear role played by increasing peripheral temperature in follow-up of migraine patients is discussed.
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PMID:Clinical follow-up: treatment and outcome of functional headache patients treated with biofeedback. 42 18

A patient had a thirteen-year history of symptoms clinically indistinguishable from classic migraine: a slowly progressive visual fortification spectrum lasting 40 minutes, followed by a five- to six-hour throbbing unilateral headache with nausea and vomiting. After unsuccessful migraine therapy, investigation revealed a large occipital lobe arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Surgical removal of the AVM resulted in immediate and total resolution of all symptoms.
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PMID:Resolution of classic migraine after removal of an occipital lobe AVM. 42 84

Two children are reported who had recurrent attacks of impairment of time sense, body image, and visual analysis of the environment. These occurred with a clear state of consciousness and in the absence of any evidence of an encephalitic process, seizures, drug ingestion, or psychiatric illness. Both children had recurrent headaches; one was clearly migrainous. There was a family history of migraine in both cases. These children represent examples of the Alice in Wonderland syndrome in juvenile migraine.
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PMID:The Alice in Wonderland syndrome in juvenile migraine. 44 Aug 58


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