Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This is a study of the illness behaviour of 100 Chinese psychiatric patients referred consecutively to the psychiatric unit of a general hospital in Singapore. More women than men felt that their illness was due to spirit possession; but belief in possession was not related to educational status. Thirty-six patients or their relatives had consulted a traditional healer before going to the hospital. Duration of illness, sex and educational status were not associated with the tendency to seek help from the traditional healer; there was also no significant difference between psychotic or neurotic patients. The majority of depressed patients (72%) presented with somatic complaints of chest discomfort, headache and abdominal discomfort. Somatization was not related to the educational level or sex of the patients.
 ...
PMID:Spirit possession and healing among Chinese psychiatric patients. 831 Aug 54

The present study investigated the association between personality, symptoms and headache subtypes in a prospective longitudinal epidemiologic study of a cohort of 19- and 20-year-olds in Zurich, Switzerland. Personality was assessed by the Freiburg Personality Inventory (FPI), a standardized self-report personality instrument, which yields nine primary factors and three secondary factors. The Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) was employed to examine somatic and psychological symptoms. Subjects with migraine exhibited elevated rates of neuroticism compared to non-migraine subjects on FPI. Somatization was the only primary symptom factor on the SCL-90 which discriminated between subjects with migraine and those without migraine. Persons with migraine with aura exhibited greater impairment than any of the other headache subtypes or controls on both the FPI and SCL-90. Subjects with tension-type headache did not differ from controls on any of the personality or symptom factors.
 ...
PMID:Headache and personality: results of a community sample of young adults. 836 68

An adolescent male obtained a position in a large business with assistance from others. Initially he had tension headaches due to maladjustment. He then showed signs of dysmorphophobic symptoms, expressed as a dissatisfaction with his nose. Subsequently, he had cosmetic rhinoplasty twice for esthetic reasons. After a few years, he presented with a psychosis. During treatment his symptoms developed into headache and fever that disappeared upon recovery. He was therefore able to seek employment independently. This transition of symptoms assumes an aspect of adolescent mentality and presents a trial and error approach to establishing a social identity. In general, somatization is assumed to be an immature defense mechanism of individual psychopathology. However, somatization may be a sign of an improvement in one's health. Somatization in adolescence may also be a sign of the beginning of a reintegration into society and have a bridging functional aspect that induces socialization in adulthood.
 ...
PMID:Somatization in adolescence with reference to dysmorphophobia. 920 68

Somatization is common among children and adolescents. A consecutive series of 112 children and adolescents who fulfilled the ICD-10 clinical diagnostic criteria for somatoform disorders attended at a psychiatric consultation center were included in this study to delineate the pattern of presenting features and to find out associated abnormal psychosocial situations and disabilities. Out of 112 cases 52 were boys, 60 girls, of them 59 were children and 53 adolescents. Polysymptomatic presentation was commoner (92%) than monosymptomatic presentation (8%). Pain was the most prevalent symptom. Children showed significantly higher rates of abdominal complaints and adolescents showed higher rates of headaches. All cases reported an average of 14.21 somatic symptoms. Boys and girls reported an average of 13.75 and 14.61 somatic symptoms respectively and this difference between two groups was not significant. Whereas children reported an average of 12.66 somatic symptoms and adolescents reported an average of 15.94 somatic symptoms. The difference was significant. Differences were also found in the diagnostic categories of somatoform disorders. Girls reported higher rates of somatization disorder and persistent somatoform pain disorder than that of boys. Children reported higher rates of undifferentiated somatoform disorder and somatoform autonomic dysfunction. In contrast, adolescents reported higher rates of somatization disorder. Abnormal psychosocial situations were found to be associated with predisposition, onset, and course of the disorders in majority of the cases and most common was parental overprotection. Remarkable social impairments particularly, in the domains of academic and peer relationship were found among the cases. Findings suggest that somatoform disorders in children and adolescents are frequent in clinical practice. Better understanding of these disorders can promote early diagnoses and timely treatments and improve the quality of life by preventing negative consequences.
 ...
PMID:Somatoform disorders in children and adolescents. 1450 83

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and psychological status were examined in adult patients with a deep bite and compared with an adult age- and gender-matched control group with neutral occlusion. The deep bite group consisted of 20 females (mean age 30.3 years) and 10 males (mean age 33.1 years). The control group comprised 20 females (mean age 29.4 years) and 10 males (mean age 34.2 years). TMD examination, according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD), cephalometric lateral radiographs, registration of occlusion, and bite force were performed. To test the mean differences between craniofacial morphology, bite force, the occurrence of RDC/TMD diagnostic groups, and headache between the two groups, unpaired t-test, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. Deep bite patients more frequently reported nocturnal and diurnal clenching (P < 0.01), an uncomfortable bite (P < 0.001), jaw stiffness (P < 0.05), and 'ringing' in the ears (P < 0.001) than the controls. Headache (P < 0.001), muscle disorders (P < 0.001), disc displacement (P < 0.05), and other joint disorders (P < 0.05) occurred significantly more often in the deep bite group compared with the controls. Somatization scores were significantly higher in the deep bite group compared with the controls (P < 0.001). Headache, muscle disorders, disc displacement, and other joint disorders were significantly associated with a number of craniofacial dimensions and psychological factors [R between 0.32 and 0.72; P < 0.05 and odds ratio (OR) from 0.45 to 7.46; P < 0.05]. These findings suggest that a deep bite, in particular with retroclined upper incisors, can represent a risk factor for TMD.
 ...
PMID:Temporomandibular disorders and psychological status in adult patients with a deep bite. 1868 6

Guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association for borderline personality disorder (BPD) indicate selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and the serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) venlafaxine for treating affective dysregulation and impulsive behavioural dyscontrol symptoms. The SNRI duloxetine has been studied in patients with major depression, generalized anxiety disorder and fibromyalgia, showing particular efficacy on somatic complaints. This study investigates duloxetine in the treatment of patients with BPD. Eighteen outpatients with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of BPD were treated with open-label duloxetine, 60 mg/day, for 12 weeks. Patients were assessed at baseline, week 4 and 12 with the CGI Severity item, the BPRS, the HAM-D, the HAM-A, the SOFAS, the BPD Severity Index (BPDSI) and the HSCL-90-Somatization Subscale (HSCL-90 SOM). Adverse effects were evaluated using the Dosage Record Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale. Statistics were performed with the analysis of variance. Significant P values were <or=0.05. Fourteen patients completed the study. Four patients (22.2%) discontinued treatment in the first 4 weeks because of non-compliance. A significant change was found for: BPRS, HAM-D, SOFAS, BPDSI total score and items 'impulsivity', 'outbursts of anger' and 'affective instability' and HSCL-90 SOM. Adverse effects were mild headache and nausea. Initial results suggest that duloxetine is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for BPD, with positive effects on somatic symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Efficacy and tolerability of duloxetine in the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorder: a pilot study. 1871 47

Somatization, anxiety, depression and personality disorders are common features of many patients with chronic headaches. Intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) is a brief therapy method developed specifically to treat patients with this cluster of somatic problems, symptoms and maladaptive behaviours through focusing on how the patient handles emotional experiences. It also contains a direct method of assessing the somatic discharge pathways of both emotions and anxiety, thus allowing direct observation of somatization in the case of many chronic headache sufferers. In this review, we summarize the extant literature on emotional factors in headache, review the evidence for short-term dynamic therapies in somatic problems and describe the assessment and treatment method of ISTDP we use routinely with chronic headache sufferers.
Cephalalgia 2008 Dec
PMID:Direct diagnosis and management of emotional factors in chronic headache patients. 1877 94

Little is known about how sociodemographic factors relate to children's chronic pain. This paper describes the pain, health, and sociodemographic characteristics of a cohort of children presenting to an urban tertiary chronic pain clinic and documents the role of age, sex and minority status on pain-related characteristics. A multidisciplinary, tertiary clinic specializing in pediatric chronic pain. Two hundred and nineteen patients and their parents were given questionnaire packets to fill out prior to their intake appointment which included demographic information, clinical information, Child Health Questionnaire - Parent Report, Functional Disability Index - Parent Report, Child Somatization Index - Parent Report, and a Pain Intensity Scale. Additional clinical information was obtained from patients' medical records via chart review. This clinical sample exhibited compromised functioning in a number of domains, including school attendance, bodily pain, and health compared to normative data. Patients also exhibited high levels of functional disability. Minority children evidenced decreased sleep, increased somatization, higher levels of functional disability, and increased pain intensity compared to Caucasians. Caucasians were more likely to endorse headaches than minorities, and girls were more likely than boys to present with fibromyalgia. Younger children reported better functioning than did teens. The results indicate that sociodemographic factors are significantly associated with several pain-related characteristics in children with chronic pain. Further research must address potential mechanisms of these relationships and applications for treatment.
 ...
PMID:Sociodemographic factors in a pediatric chronic pain clinic: The roles of age, sex and minority status in pain and health characteristics. 2168 73