Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) is a rare epileptic syndrome characterized by continuous focal seizures. We report on a 16-year-old girl who died of prolonged pharmacoresistant EPC in whom we identified a 7472insC mutation within the mitochondrial transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA)(ser(UCN)). Additional symptoms included ataxia, lactic acidosis, myopathy, sensorineural hearing loss, severe headaches, and mental retardation. Quantification revealed 100% mutant mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the patient, 4% in her mother, and none in her half-sister. This highly skewed mtDNA distribution is most improbable (approximately 3 x 10(-30)) if only explained by random genetic drift. Clustering of dysfunctional mitochondria and replicatory advantage of mutant mtDNA may play a role in the rapid segregation towards homoplasmy within one generation.
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PMID:Epilepsia partialis continua associated with a homoplasmic mitochondrial tRNA(Ser(UCN)) mutation. 977 73

The C10orf2 gene encodes the mitochondrial DNA helicase Twinkle, which is one of the proteins important for mitochondrial DNA maintenance. Dominant mutations cause multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions and progressive external ophthalmoplegia, but recent findings associate recessive mutations with mitochondrial DNA depletion and encephalopathy or hepatoencephalopathy. The latter clinical phenotypes resemble those associated with recessive POLG1 mutations. We have previously described patients with infantile onset spinocerebellar ataxia (MIM271245) caused either by homozygous (Y508C) or compound heterozygous (Y508C and A318T) Twinkle mutations. Our earlier reports focused on the spinocerebellar degeneration, but the 20-year follow-up of 23 patients has shown that refractory status epilepticus, migraine-like headaches and severe psychiatric symptoms are also pathognomonic for the disease. All adolescent patients have experienced phases of severe migraine, and seven patients had antipsychotic medication. Epilepsia partialis continua occurred in 15 patients leading to generalized epileptic statuses in 13 of them. Eight of these patients have died. Valproate treatment was initiated on two patients, but had to be discontinued because of a severe elevation of liver enzymes. The patients recovered, and we have not used valproate in infantile onset spinocerebellar ataxia since. The first status epilepticus manifested between 15 and 34 years of age in the homozygotes, and at 2 and 4 years in the compound heterozygotes. The epileptic statuses lasted from several days to weeks. Focal, stroke-like lesions were seen in magnetic resonance imaging, but in infantile onset spinocerebellar ataxia these lesions showed no predilection. They varied from resolving small cortical to large hemispheric oedematous lesions, which reached from cerebral cortex to basal ganglia and thalamus and caused permanent necrotic damage and brain atrophy. Brain atrophy with focal laminar cortical necrosis and hippocampal damage was confirmed on neuropathological examination. The objective of our study was to describe the development and progression of encephalopathy in infantile onset spinocerebellar ataxia syndrome, and compare the pathognomonic features with those in other mitochondrial encephalopathies.
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PMID:Recessive twinkle mutations cause severe epileptic encephalopathy. 1930 94

Dengue fever is becoming a great public health problem leading to significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. In the past few years, various neurological complications have been reported globally. Dengue encephalitis as a clinical presentation of dengue fever is now gaining recognition in the scientific community. It is characterized by fever, headache, reduced consciousness, and generalized seizures. Epilepsia partialis continua, a type of focal status epilepticus, is caused by multiple clinical disorders, including viral encephalitis. We describe a young woman who manifested epilepsia partialis continua caused by dengue encephalitis.
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PMID:Epilepsia partialis continua as a manifestation of dengue encephalitis. 2121 5