Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five patients developed posttraumatic vascular headaches associated with autonomic dysfunction. The precipitating injury affected the anterior triangle of the neck, presumably involving the region of the carotid artery sheath. Disturbance of sympathetic function, characterized by excessive sweating and pupillary dilation associated with headache, was noted. Appropriate pharmacologic studies revealed evidence of partial sympathetic devervation. While headache was resistant to ergotamine preparations, prompt relief was obtained with propranolol hydrochloride, and adrenergic beta-receptor blocking agent.
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PMID:Posttraumatic dysautonomic cephalalgia. Clinical observations and treatment. 118 Jul 25

Of 27 patients with phaeochromocytoma, 20 were subject to headaches as a part of their symptom complex and 7 were not, in spite of the fact that 4 of the latter had experienced other forms of headache at other times. There was no correlation between the proportion of noradrenaline to adrenaline produced by the tumour and the presence or absence of headache or the nature of the headache. Liability to headache appeared to be linked with the rate of change in blood pressure and was not related to absolute values of blood pressure. Two patients experienced a "funny turn" typical of catecholamine release during a spontaneous migraine headache. The migraine headache became pulsatile and severe in one patient but was unaltered in the other. The variable duration and intensity of the headache in different patients can be explained by the pressor and cranial vasoconstrictor effects of the secreted amines which respectively enhance and diminish vascular headache.
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PMID:The headaches of phaeochromocytoma. 121 96

In a series of 27 patients with proved pheochromocytoma, differential analysis of catecholamines in blood, urine, and tumor specimens of 19 patients enabled grouping of subjects into those whose tumors produced predominantly norepinephrine (NE) (11 patients), predominantly epinephrine (E [Two patients]) and approximately equal amounts of both (six patients). Sustained hypertension was more common in the first group and pallor and tremor in the latter two groups, but no distinctive syndrome could be recognized as signifying the secretion of NE or E. Headache was a symptom in 20 of 27 patients and was related to sudden, transient elevation of the blood pressure, rather than sustained hypertension. The variable duration and intensity of the headache in different patients can be explained by the pressor and cranial vasoconstrictor effects of the secreted amines, which respectively enhance and diminish vascular headache.
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PMID:Symptoms of pheochromocytoma, with particular reference to headache, correlated with catecholamine production. 125 42

Intravenous administration of an alpha-adrenoceptor agonist, UK-14,304, a histamine H3 receptor agonist, R(-)-alpha-methyl-histamine (alpha-MeHA) or SMS 201-995 (a synthetic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin), blocked plasma protein (125I-albumin) extravasation within rat and/or guinea pig dura mater following unilateral electrical trigeminal ganglion stimulation or capsaicin administration. The extravasation caused by the administration of the neuropeptide mediator, substance P, was not inhibited by any of the three compounds. Blockade by UK-14,304 was completely antagonized by pretreatment with the highly selective alpha 2-antagonist, idazoxan, as was alpha-MeHA by pretreatment with the highly selective histamine H3 antagonist, thioperamide. Taken together, the results are consistent with blockade by prejunctional alpha 2, histamine H3 and probably somatostatin receptors which may be coupled to inhibition of neuropeptide release. Because 5-HT1-like agonists, which are useful for treating migraine and related headaches, share similar inhibitory properties in this in vivo model, the significance of prejunctional alpha 2, histamine H3 and somatostatin receptors to treatment of vascular headaches is suggested.
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PMID:UK-14,304, R(-)-alpha-methyl-histamine and SMS 201-995 block plasma protein leakage within dura mater by prejunctional mechanisms. 128 76

Sumatriptan and the ergot alkaloids are useful tools for deciphering drug mechanisms in migraine and related headaches. Both neuronal and vascular mechanisms have been proposed on the basis of actions of 5-HT at receptors resembling the 5-HT1D subtype. In this Viewpoint article, Michael A. Moskowitz argues that blockade of neural transmission and the neurogenic inflammatory response provides a mechanism by which sumatriptan and ergot alkaloids alleviate vascular headaches. He postulates, with similar arguments, that sumatriptan and ergot alkaloids may block headaches that develop from meningovascular inflammatory disorders such as from viral and bacterial meningitis and from the sequelae of head injury.
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PMID:Neurogenic versus vascular mechanisms of sumatriptan and ergot alkaloids in migraine. 132 94

Thirty-four patients having chronic idiopathic headaches participated in a long-term study comparing autogenic relaxation training alone (REL) with combinations of relaxation and electromyographic biofeedback (REL + EMG) or relaxation and temperature biofeedback (REL + TEMP). Assignment to treatment conditions was balanced on demographics and clinical characteristics, as well as headache classification according to muscle contraction or vascular headache symptomatology. The results indicate that REL + TEMP produced no additional improvements over REL following the 8-week treatment program, or at 6-month, or 12-month follow-up. However, REL + EMG produced significantly greater reductions in headache activity measures than the REL and REL + TEMP conditions at all post-treatment time points. Headache activity continued to improve over the follow-up period independent of treatment condition. These data indicate that EMG biofeedback augments long-term clinical improvements in headache patients who undergo autogenic relaxation training.
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PMID:Long-term efficacy of combined relaxation: biofeedback treatments for chronic headache. 145 4

Headache is one of the commonest symptoms in neurology. It can be present among many other somatic illnesses. There are many aetiological factors. Pathogenetic mechanisms are unknown. There is a significant number of patients with headache, especially with vascular headache, (about 15%), and vascular headache associated with cerebrovascular ischaemic stroke. Therefore the new investigations of neurobiochemical and neurophysiological problems are necessary. A group of patients involved in our study with diagnosis of vascular headache was tested. The result of the study (especially neuroradiological results) show that many patients, prevalently young women, had cerebral oedema during the attack of vascular headache.
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PMID:[Vascular headache and cerebral edema]. 146 71

The dura mater has attracted considerable attention as an exquisitely sensitive tissue implicated as playing a role in various cephalalgias including vascular headache. Because of the potential clinical impact of the relationship/interaction of neural elements and mast cells the influence of sensory and autonomic nerve fibres on mast cells of the rat dura mater was studied. The trigeminal or superior cervical ganglion was electrically stimulated and the mast cells were examined. Wholemount supratentorial dural preparations were stained using berberine sulphate and the number of mast cells with intact vs dispersed granules counted. Unilateral stimulation of either ganglia resulted in a statistically significant increase in the percentage of mast cells with dispersed granules ipsilateral to the side of stimulation. These results support our idea that in addition to the trigeminal system the sympathetic nervous system must be considered as playing a role in the oedema pathophysiology of vascular headache.
Cephalalgia 1991 Nov
PMID:Influence of the sympathetic nervous system as well as trigeminal sensory fibres on rat dural mast cells. 177 35

Two unusual cases of vascular headache, one caused by jugular venous compression from a goiter and one triggered by flushing associated with a CGRP-producing renal tumour, are reported. Their histories are compared with those experiencing other headaches of vascular origin. Two patients with a primary neural irritative lesion, one with a sphenoid sinus carcinoma and one with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, presented with headaches resembling migraine. These case-histories are used to illustrate the interaction of nervous system and vascular system in the production of headache which has implications for the pathophysiology of migraine and cluster headache.
Headache 1991 Jul
PMID:Solved and unsolved headache problems. 177 58

Antiphospholipid antibodies have occasionally been observed in migraine patients, but a recent study of a large series suggested the association was with other concurrent conditions, not specifically with migraine. We wondered about an association with other vascular headaches and measured anticardiolipin antibody levels in 20 cluster headache patients during the cluster period (three during an acute attack). Platelet counts were normal and VDRL negative in all patients. No elevated anticardiolipin antibody levels were found. There appears to be no important association between the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies and cluster headache, and we argue that there is no further rationale for seeking one.
Cephalalgia 1991 May
PMID:Anticardiolipin antibodies in cluster headache. 186 Jan 29


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