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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The lack of certain etiopathogenetic elements and the numerous clinical-descriptive classifications of primary headaches has brought the research-workers to elaborate a chrono-pathological classification of pain in the primary headaches. So, they present a chrono-nosography and they suggest that the continuous form of primary headaches can be divided into two forms, one of these is associated with affective troubles. Then they emphasize the problem of classic migraine and its clinical variant as a trigger of vascular disease.
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PMID:[Temporal nosography of primary headache]. 408 37

Though the syndrome of carotid artery dissection is well known, "spontaneous" vertebral artery dissection is rarely recognized. We now report clinical and radiologic findings in five patients with presumed vertebral dissection, one pathologically confirmed. Mean age was 35.2 years (range 27-41). Two were men; three women. None had hypertension, vascular disease, or trauma. Headache and neck or occipital pain was prominent in all, often preceding other symptoms. Four of five patients had unilateral partial alteral medullary syndromes, in one accompanied by medial medullary signs. One patient had a cerebellar infarct. Angiography in four patients showed severe irregular stenosis of the distal extracranial vertebral artery (three bilaterally). A fifth patient with irregular stenosis above the vertebral origin had verified extensive dissection in the resected segment. No patient developed late ischemia. Repeat angiography in three showed healing. We conclude that spontaneous vertebral artery dissection, though rare, has recognizable clinical and radiologic features.
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PMID:Spontaneous dissection of the extracranial vertebral arteries. 408 21

Neurological disorders associated with oral contraceptives (OCs) are discussed. 3 patients suffered headaches and developed dramatic symptoms of cerebral deficit which lasted for hours or a few days followed by complete or nearly complete recovery when OC treatment was stopped. 7 other patients are described, including 1 who suffered clear-cut hypertensive vascular disease without evidence of renal or cardiac disease and 1 with cortical thrombophlebitis. Most patients had been taking OCs for 2 or more years, although 1 had taken them for only 5 months. The neurological complications were documented and predictive criteria for identifying women who are likely to develop such difficulties, who require dose observation, and from whom OCs should be withdrawn are provided.
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PMID:Neurological disorders associated with oral contraceptives. 562 Jun 10

The 6 cases reported here constitute, with 5 previously published cases, a special nosological entity tentatively called "acute benign cerebral angiopathy" by the authors. These 11 cases have in common certain radiological and clinical features. Arteriography shows segmental, multifocal and assymetrical stenoses involving the cerebral arteries between Willis' circle and the terminal arterioles and looking like "strings of sausages". The lesions disappear within one month and present the radiological characteristics of arteritis of medium caliber vessels. The clinical symptoms are suggestive of meningeal haemorrhage or acute cerebromeningeal oedema, with acute repetitive attacks of severe headache and agitation with obnubilation; epileptic seizures and transient neurological deficit may occur. True meningeal haemorrhage confirmed by lumbar puncture is seen in nearly one half of the cases; it seems to be due to alterations in the blood-brain barrier induced by the angiopathy. Intracerebral haematoma may develop, but the disease is usually benign and regresses spontaneously in a few days. None of the usual causes of cerebral arteritis (intra-cranial infection, collagen disease, allergic or toxic angitis) has been found. Pseudo-arteritis (notably spasm of ruptured arterial aneurysms) has been excluded. No aetiological factor common to the 11 cases reported has been elicited, although 6 of the patients had recently given birth and our 6 patients had benign virus infection before or during the clinical manifestations of the disease. In the authors' opinion, the most rewarding line of research would be the role of short acute attacks of arterial hypertension.
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PMID:[Acute benign cerebral angiopathy. 6 cases]. 622 47

Brief episodes of neurological dysfunction may sometimes occur in an afebrile patient with no overt vascular disorder, nor any history of previous migraine. In such a case, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may exhibit a predominantly lymphocytic pleocytosis with plasma cells and an increased protein content indicating a lesion of the blood-brain barrier. This syndrome of remitting hemispheric dysfunction is accompanied by migraine-like headache. The available evidence suggests that an aseptic meningitis is the triggering event.
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PMID:Transient neurological symptoms associated with mononuclear pleocytosis of the cerebrospinal fluid. 648 44

Seven cases of lobar cerebral haemorrhage due to amyloid angiopathy were found among 60 necropsy cases of intracerebral haemorrhage. Clinically five patients were demented and two had hypertension. Immediately after the onset of stroke there was a high incidence of headache and vomiting, followed by nuchal rigidity. Amyloid angiopathy was most prominent in the cerebral cortex and the leptomeninges. Senile plaques were noted in all cases. One should suspect that a haemorrhage may be due to amyloid angiopathy, when lobar cerebral haemorrhage occurs in an aged, normotensive patient with or without dementia. Surgical evacuation of the haematoma is inadvisable, because of the diffuse nature of amyloid angiopathy, high recurrence rate and less tendency to cause brain stem compression.
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PMID:Amyloid angiopathy and lobar cerebral haemorrhage. 650 78

Although thyrotoxicosis and orbital complications of acute ethmoid or frontal sinusitis are among the most common causes of unilateral exophthalmos, inflammatory pseudotumor is frequently accompanied by progressive acute unilateral proptosis. Because the associated chemosis, scleral erythema, and ophthalmoplegia constitute a spectrum of clinical findings present in numerous inflammatory orbital disorders and systemic diseases, the diagnosis of inflammatory pseudotumor is one of exclusion, often requiring orbital biopsy. Four patients without evidence of sinusitis, endocrinopathy, collagen vascular disease, or Wegener's granulomatosis are described. The diagnosis of orbital pseudotumor was disclosed by computed axial tomography, thus avoiding orbitotomy. The finding of scleral and choroidal thickening with enhancement following intravenous contrast injection represents a select group of patients with orbital pseudotumor and differentiates them from patients with endocrine exophthalmopathy or neoplasms. This noninvasive technique is extremely valuable because early diagnosis is critical for successful treatment. All four patients responded dramatically to high-dose corticosteroid therapy. In the absence of significant clinical response, however, Wegener's granulomatosis, lymphoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma, especially in younger patients, must be carefully excluded. Orbital exploration or decompression or both are used when proptosis, headache, or orbital pain does not resolve promptly, visual acuity deteriorates, or the diagnosis remains unknown.
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PMID:Computerized axial tomography in inflammatory pseudotumor of the orbit. 682 19

A study of 50 migraineurs has confirmed previous observations that sleep is a common way of ending the headache phase. 14 subjects could shorten attacks by going to sleep during the day for an average of 2 1/2 hours. Different methods used by patients to aid falling asleep are described. 47 of the 50 subjects had symptoms after the headache had gone--here called the recovery phase which can double the length of individual attacks. It is suggested that prodromata, some symptoms of the headache and recovery phases, as well as the therapeutic effect of sleep, indicate that migraine is primarily a neurological rather than a vascular disorder.
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PMID:Resolution of migraine attacks: sleep and the recovery phase. 708 42

Spontaneous intracerebral hematomas can be diagnosed immediately and localized exactly by the means of cranial computerized tomography. The occipital lobe is a relatively rare site of hypertensive hematomas which are the most frequent etiologic group. Out of 264 patients with intracerebral hematomas ion cranial computerized tomography we found the occipital lobes affected in 24 cases i.e. 9%. 116 patients with intracerebral hematomas treated in the neurologic clinic demonstrated in 15 cases (13%) occipital localization. In 7 patients bleedings were of hypertensive origin, in 4 cases etiology was unknown, in one case it originated from an arteriovenous angioma and in 3 cases congophilic (amyloid) angiopathy was the basic disease. In smaller occipital hematomas the clinical symptoms are relatively mild, mainly consisting of acute headache and hemianopsia. If the hematoma is limited to the occipital lobe the prognosis is favorable both with or without neurosurgical treatment.
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PMID:[Spontaneous intracerebral hematomas: occipital lobe hemorrhages]. 710 86

Eleven patients belonging to two generations of a Dutch family with cerebral and cerebellar haemorrhage, haemorrhagic infarction and infarction are described. Their ages varied from 44 to 58 years. The principal clinical characteristics was recurring cerebral haemorrhages, sometimes preceded by a history of migrainous headaches or mental changes. In 4 of the 6 autopsied cases, old and new multiple cerebral haemorrhagic infarcts and infarcts were found, in one case a single cerebral haemorrhage and in another a cerebellar haemorrhage. In 5 cases this resulted in secondary subarachnoid haemorrhage. In one case the infarcts were only slightly haemorrhagic and did not result in subarachnoid haemorrhage. This patient presented as dementia. Microscopically, in these 6 cases and in one biopsy specimen hyaline thickening of the walls of cortical arterioles was found. The arteries of the arachnoid showed marked tortuosity, concentric proliferation, and focal hyalinization of the walls. Amyloid was found in the hyalinized vessels in 5 cases, but not outside the central nervous system. We believe that we are dealing with an inherited disorder with an autosomal dominated mode of inheritance, in which microangiopathy leads to cerebral haemorrhage and (haemorrhagic) infarction. It seems likely that amyloidosis underlies the angiopathy, and that this family suffers from a condition similar to the one described by Gudmundsson in 1972.
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PMID:Familial cerebral amyloid angiopathy presenting as recurrent cerebral haemorrhage. 713 Oct 28


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