Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a radical-scavenging enzyme. We determined Cu, Zn-SOD concentrations and activities in platelets from subjects with migraine and tension-type headaches. Thirty migraine without aura (MWoA) patients, 9 migraine with aura (MWA) patients, and 53 tension-type headache patients were selected for study. Thirty healthy volunteers composed the control group. Concentrations of platelet SOD were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. The activity of platelet SOD was determined by measuring reductivity of nitroblue tetrazolium. Low concentrations of platelet SOD were found in patients with MWA and MWoA. Platelet SOD activity decreased in MWA patients but not in patients with MWoA or tension-type headaches. These findings suggest vulnerability to oxidative stress in patients with migraine. It is suggested that low platelet SOD levels may play an important role in the etiology of migraine.
Cephalalgia 1994 Jun
PMID:Platelet superoxide dismutase in migraine and tension-type headache. 795 42

Little is known about the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of pediatric migraine. The objective of the present study was to investigate, during a headache-free period, the activities of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes in children and adolescents diagnosed with migraine. In all, 47 migraine patients (age range, 8-17 years; mean, 14.1 +/- 2.4 years, 14 with aura) and 35 control subjects were included. Superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities were measured in erythrocytes. Although superoxide dismutase activities did not differ between groups, both catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly lower in migraine patients (P = 0.001 and P = 0.009, respectively). Activities of all three antioxidant enzymes were similar across migraine subgroups; there was no correlation with age and sex. These results confirm vulnerability to oxidative stress in pediatric migraine. Further studies and search for new therapeutic agents with antioxidant properties are needed.
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PMID:Increased vulnerability to oxidative stress in pediatric migraine patients. 2068 98

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterised by diffuse muscle pain, poor sleep and unrelenting fatigue. Individuals with FMS may also experience headaches, anxiety, depression, poor memory, numbness and tingling in the extremities, cold hands and feet, irritable bowel syndrome and lowered immune function. FMS is a common chronic pain syndrome of unknown etiology and limited treatment options. Previous studies have reported oxidative stress in FMS patients, but the results were inconsistent. Oxidative stress and nitric oxide is involved in FMS pathophysiology, however, it is still not clear whether oxidative stress abnormalities are the cause of FMS. There are several studies indicating oxidative stress in patients with FMS. Oxidant (Malondialdehyde) and antioxidant (Superoxide dismutase) balances were found to be changed in FMS patients. Furthermore, increased free radical levels may be responsible for the development of FMS and free radical-mediated oxidative stress including inflammatory cytokines may also play important roles in its pathogenesis. Moreover, oxidative stress is supposed to be increased in patients with FMS which is related to the severity of FMS symptoms. Therefore, it is important to understand whether the oxidative stress parameters are involved in FMS and what is the relationship between these and antioxidants in FMS patients. In this review we will elucidate the importance of oxidative stress and antioxidants and its possible relationship with FMS. Moreover, as metal toxicity is also reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of FMS, therefore we will also try to establish the role of toxic metals in the pathogenesis of FMS.
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PMID:Oxidative stress and antioxidative parameters and metal ion content in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome: implications in the pathogenesis of the disease. 2437 71