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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma is a common cause of gynecologic problems that include oligomenorrhea, infertility, amenorrhea and galactorrhea. Diagnosis requires a combination of endocrine testing and radiologic evaluation. The diagnosis of macroadenomas is usually straightforward and these large tumors may be associated with mass effects such as severe headache, nerve palsies or visual changes. Microadenomas may be more subtle in presentation, and the diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia without radiologic evidence of a tumor frequently is problematic. The management of prolactin-secreting adenoma remains controversial, with no clear consensus or indication for surgical versus medical treatment. Surgical intervention is a realistic option for those patients who have access to an experienced neurosurgeon and who have tumor characteristics that offer a reasonable hope for cure. Many questions remain to be answered, including the cause, natural history of development and the optimum treatment for individual cases.
West J Med 1983 Nov
PMID:Prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas. 665 90

Traditional Alaskan Native healing practices, specifically sweat bathing and hot springs bathing, have medical connotations in that they involve sociocultural factors important to practicing medicine among Alaskan Native people. At Serpentine Hot Springs in northwest Alaska, relief for arthritis, back pain, hip pain, headaches, skin rashes and other disorders was sought. The "treatment setting" was an informal bathhouse and bunkhouse and Eskimo tribal doctors and patients were assigned tasks related to healing. Continuity with traditional cultural patterns was achieved in several ways: meals tended to be traditional Eskimo fare, the predominant language spoken was Inupiaq and styles of interaction were Inupiat in character. All patients showed improvement. The experience reported herein is instructive for those seeking innovative approaches treating Native American groups.
West J Med 1983 Dec
PMID:Native healing in Alaska. Report from Serpentine Hot Springs. 666 11

In all, 2665 Finns chosen at random who had made short visits to Spain and her islands, to North Africa or to Thailand, or who had taken an around-the-world tour or a West African cruise were asked to answer a questionnaire concerning the state of their health while abroad. One-third (33%) reported they were ill or had been ill; 48% had had some health complaint during the trip which in 93% lasted for 2 weeks or less. The most common health problems were diarrhoea (18%), sunburn (10%), upper respiratory symptoms with or without headache or fever (10%), insect stings (3%), and problems related to excessive consumption of alcohol (1.5%). 7% deemed it possible that they had contracted a venereal disease. The incidence of the complaints varied with the geographical area visited. It is concluded that mass tourism is accompanied by a morbidity whose dimensions are far from fully recognized.
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PMID:Trips to the South--a health hazard. Morbidity of Finnish travellers. 668 17

Between July 1977 and January 1980, seven cases of sporadic, nonepidemic "epidemic" typhus (Rickettsia prowazekii) were discovered in Virginia, West Virginia, and North Carolina. The reservoir seemed to be the southern flying squirrel (Glaucomys volans), an animal indigenous to the eastern United States; however, the vector or mode of acquisition was not evident. Diagnosis was established principally through complement fixation, indirect immunofluorescence, and toxin neutralization tests. Patients' ages were 11 to 81 years. Most were white women. Six had abrupt onset of illness. Headaches, fever, myalgias, and exanthems were among the presenting complaints. The disease seemed milder than classic louse-born epidemic typhus, but in some instances, it was life-threatening. All patients responded to tetracycline or chloramphenicol. This entity probably is more common than reported, is difficult to recognize, and is produced by an organism seemingly identical to that producing louse-born epidemic typhus.
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PMID:Epidemic typhus in the United States associated with flying squirrels. 678 59

In order to assess the degree of thallium exposure in a population living around a thallium emitting cement plant in a small city in North-West Germany thallium levels in 24 h urine samples of 1,265 subjects and in hair samples of 1,163 subjects were determined. Urinary thallium levels in two groups of subjects living in an urban and a rural area of West Germany were determined for reference. As compared to these subjects the population living around the cement plant exhibited obvious signs of increased thallium intake. The mean urinary thallium concentration was 2.6 micrograms/l and ranged up to 76.5 micrograms/l. In contrast, the mean urinary thallium levels of the two reference groups were 0.2 and 0.4 micrograms/l, respectively. Hair thallium levels of the population living around the cement plant were also markedly increased (mean: 9.5 ng/g). The major route of the population's increased intake of thallium was found to be the consumption of vegetables and fruit grown in private gardens in the vicinity of the cement plant. As was shown by chemical analyses vegetables and fruit grown in these gardens were contaminated by thallium-containing atmospheric dust fall-out caused by emissions of the cement plant. The pulmonary route of uptake as well as other sources did not seem to play a significant role in the population's exposure to thallium. Polyneuritic symptoms, sleep disorders, headache, fatigue and other signs of psychasthenia were found to be the major health effects associated with increased thallium levels in urine and hair. No positive correlation was found between the thallium levels in hair and urine and the prevalence of skin alterations, hair-loss and gastro-intestinal dysfunctions.
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PMID:Intake and health effects of thallium among a population living in the vicinity of a cement plant emitting thallium containing dust. 691 43

Nine patients with cerebellar hemorrhage were examined initially with computerized tomographic (CT) scanning. CT appearance in combination with clinical state determined therapy. The most common presenting symptoms were headache, ataxia and vomiting, usually with alterations in the level of consciousness. Three patients were comatose. In five patients surgical evacuation of the hematoma was done and one of these died. Two who were moribund at presentation were not operated on and succumbed. The remaining two did not require operation and recovered. Early investigation with CT scanning considerably aided decisions as to the appropriate method of treatment.
West J Med 1982 Mar
PMID:Cerebellar hemorrhage as evaluated by computerized tomography. 709 Mar 68

The effect of previous physical conditioning on young well-conditioned mountaineers in relationship to acquiring acute mountain sickness is controversial. Data show both increased and decreased effects on the incidence of altitude illness. How general tourists at moderate altitudes are affected is unknown. To determine the influence of sea-level habitual physical activity on the incidence of mountain sickness, we surveyed 205 participants in a scientific conference at 3,000 m (9,840 ft). A 36-item questionnaire was distributed to the subjects 48 hours after arrival at altitude. Their sea-level physical activity (SLPA) was measured by a published and validated instrument that included questions about patterns of work, sporting, and leisure-time activities. Acute mountain sickness was defined as the presence of 3 or more of the following symptoms: headache, dyspnea, anorexia, fatigue, insomnia, dizziness, or vomiting. Most of the respondents were male (62%) from sea level (89%) with a mean age of 36 +/- 8.7 (standard deviation) years (range, 22 to 65). Nearly all (94%) were nonsmokers, and 28% had acute mountain sickness. The mean SLPA score was 8.0 +/- 1.3 (range, 5.1 to 12.0). No statistically significant difference in mean SLPA scores was found between those with and without acute mountain sickness (8.1 versus 7.8), nor in the individual indices (work, 2.5 versus 2.4; sport, 2.9 versus 2.7; leisure, 2.8 versus 2.7). We conclude that habitual physical activity performed at sea level does not play a role in the development of altitude illness at moderate altitude in a general tourist group.
West J Med 1995 Aug
PMID:Sea-level physical activity and acute mountain sickness at moderate altitude. 757 57

A retrospective chart review for the 1993 calendar year identified 187 children with cerebral malaria admitted to a large teaching hospital in central Ghana, West Africa. The most common clinical presentation was fever, sensorial depression and convulsions in young children experiencing their first episode of malaria. One-half had splenomegaly. Additional features, seen in decreasing frequency, were hepatomegaly, vomiting, abdominal pain and headache. Long term sequelae were identified in 9% and mortality in 6%. Risk factors for central nervous system disease were negative history for previous malaria (P < 0.005) and a high percentage of parasitemia (P < 0.001). Death or long term sequelae were associated with multiple seizures and prolonged sensorial depression. The incidence of malaria is currently increasing in Western Africa and young children are more likely than older children to develop severe disease.
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PMID:Cerebral malaria in children. 760 9

The effect of the oral slow-release formulation of Nifedipine in rapidly lowering blood pressure was studied in 20 severely hypertensive Nigerians (8 males, 12 females). A significant fall (p < 0.05) in mean systolic, diatolic, and mean arterial pressure was obtained 30 minutes after administration of Nifedipine. The fall in all three parameters of blood pressure remained sustained and significant (p < 0.05) 6 hours after a single dose administration. Side effects were minimal and limited to headaches in 20% of patients and palpitations in 10%. All patients showed a sustained control of blood pressure over a three month follow up period on slow release Nifedipine. Addition of methyldopa resulted in improved blood pressure control in one patient with chronic renal failure. It was concluded that oral slow release Nifedipine is a drug of choice in the rapid and sustained control of blood pressure in severely hypertensive patients especially in a setting where critical intensive monitoring facilities are limited.
West Afr J Med
PMID:Oral slow-release nifedipine in the rapid treatment of severe hypertension in Nigerians. 780 25

From 1981 until 1986 the authors witnessed traditional craniotomies being performed in the Kisii tribe in South West Kenya. The indication is the prevention or reduction of headache after trauma capitis. The frequency of the operation is estimated at 1 per 1000 persons a year. The aim is to remove part of the skull around the 'traumatic burst'. After shaving off the hair, the 'omobari omotwe' ('surgeon of the head') makes an incision at the place of the trauma or the headache. The bleeding is stopped with crushed leaves. With primitive instruments the bone is scraped away until the dura mater is reached, which is left untouched very carefully. The operation is carried out without anaesthesia, takes an average of 45 min and is sometimes completed by putting fat on the wound. A postoperative recovery period of 6-12 weeks is usual. The operation is highly regarded and seems to have few complications. Reoperations are frequent: one patient underwent the operation 26 times.
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PMID:[Craniotomy; a ,much-alive tradition with the Kisii (Kenya)]. 780 37


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