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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Association of ischemic heart disease (IHD) with vascular affections of the brain is the cardiocerebrovascular syndrome having common pathogenetic mechanisms of formation in the structure of cardiovascular pathology. Some specificities were studied of the clinical course of IHD concomitant with hypertensive dyscirculatory encephalopathy (HDE) in 35 patients (main group), with 25 IHD controls free from manifestations of neurological symptomatology. In IHD HDE patients the anginous syndrome is characterized by a lesser dependency on time in each period of 24 hours and physical load and greater dependency on arterial pressure, meteofactors, it is often accompanied by cephalgia appearing with the intake of antianginal drugs, dizziness, memory, sleep disturbances. The main group patients demonstrated elevated levels of LPO products, those of lipid metabolism, and the AO system tension.
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PMID:[Characteristics of the clinical course of ischemic heart diseases in patients with hypertensive dyscirculatory encephalopathy]. 1145 23

Different symptoms, together with neck pain, have been attributed to persons with persistent complaints after a previous motor vehicle crash (MVC) and are sometimes referred to as the "late whiplash syndrome." A cohort study was conducted to determine whether exposure to a rear-end collision, with or without whiplash injury, is associated with future health complaints. The results regarding future neck or shoulder pain have previously been described, and the objective of the present report was to focus on outcomes other than neck pain. Included in the study were persons 18 to 65 years of age and covered by traffic insurance at one of the largest insurance companies in Sweden. Claim reports were collected from the period November 1987 to April 1988. Drivers exposed to a rear-end collision were divided into two subgroups: those with reported whiplash injury (n = 232) and those without reported whiplash injury (n = 204). For comparison, 3688 subjects who were unexposed to MVCs were selected, with consideration taken to the age and gender distribution in the exposed subgroups. The prevalence of different health complaints among the study subjects was estimated according to a mailed questionnaire at follow-up in 1994, 7 years after the rear-end collision. When exposed subjects with whiplash injury were compared to unexposed subjects, increased relative risks in the range of 1.6-3.7 were seen for headache, thoracic and low back pain, as well as for fatigue, sleep disturbances and ill health. No corresponding increased risks were found among the exposed subjects without reported whiplash injury. We conclude that rear-end collisions resulting in reported whiplash injuries seem to have a substantial impact on health complaints, even a long time after the collision. There is a need to identify factors that predict a non-favorable outcome in order to improve clinical management.
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PMID:The association between exposure to a rear-end collision and future health complaints. 1147 Mar 96

Epidemiological information on symptoms affecting extra-respiratory organs and apparatuses in asthmatic children is scarce. The aim of this study therefore was to evaluate, at a population level, if and what extra-respiratory symptoms are associated with asthma. Two questionnaire-based, cross-sectional surveys were carried out on 1,262 students (651 males; mean age 9.57 years, age-range 6-14 years) in 1992 and on 1,210 students (639 males; mean age 9.02 years, age-range 6-14 years) in 1998, from two elementary and two junior high schools in Rome, Italy. Questionnaires included queries about asthma and its risk factors and extra-respiratory symptoms (headache, restlessness, sleep disturbances, urticaria, itching, and abdominal pain). Of responders, 11.9% (279/2,342) had a history of asthma. After adjustment for gender, family history of atopic disease, low birth weight, early respiratory problems, and damp house, asthma was significantly associated with recurrent abdominal pain (odds ratio [OR] 1.90; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 3.16), itching (OR 3.15; 95% CI: 1.75, 5.68), and urticaria (OR 2.52; 95% CI: 1.02, 6.20). Asthma was reported by 10.2% (201/1,962) of children unaffected by this triad, by 20.1% (56/279; OR 2.20) with one of the symptoms, and by 31.6% (12/38; OR 4.04) with two or more symptoms. An emerging characteristic of pediatric asthma in our setting appears to be its association with certain extra-respiratory symptoms (abdominal pain, itching, and urticaria). A global, internistic approach to asthmatic children is increasingly required both in the clinical setting and in future epidemiological studies.
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PMID:Association of asthma with extra-respiratory symptoms in schoolchildren: two cross-sectional studies 6 years apart. 1200 Apr 83

Chronic widespread pain is a primary feature of fibromyalgia and is a symptom that is poorly managed in many patients. In addition, patients often experience fatigue, sleep disturbances, and anxiety. Its etiology is largely unknown. The successful clinical management of this syndrome relies on a multidisciplinary approach, employing pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments. Clinical evidence on the symptoms and characteristics of fibromyalgia suggests a central mechanism behind the pathogenesis of this syndrome. It is likely that drugs with central actions will prove to be effective against a number of symptoms. This article aims to outline some of the potential spinal pharmacologic targets that may be used to treat this condition.
Curr Pain Headache Rep 2002 Aug
PMID:Neuropharmacologic targets and agents in fibromyalgia. 1209 61

Sixty patients with abuse headache (AHA) (58 women and 2 men, mean age 44.5 years) and 10 age- and sex-matched controls have been studied. AHA diagnostic criteria were as follows: daily or almost daily headache, daily or every other day use of analgesics, primary headache (migraine or headache of tension--HAT) in anamnesis, uneffectiveness of medication. Clinico-neurological analysis, headache diary, Beck depression scale, Spilberger Trait/State Inventory, "Pain lifetime anamnesis", autonomic dystonia questionnaire, evaluation of night-time sleep score subjective characteristics and nociceptive flexor reflex (R-111) (NFR) determination were used. The results obtained confirmed the literature data that analgesics abuse in migraine resulted in AHA 2 times more often than in HAT. The causes were mainly psychogenic: mood improvement, night-time sleep normalization and post-stress cephalgia intensification. An influence of such factors as age and menopause was not found. Headache was of mixed character with features of both migraine and HAT and was not dependent on cephalgia type in anamnesis. Quantity of analgesics taken by the patients ranged from 40 to 120 tablets a month and influenced, in general, a speed of primary HA to AHA transformation. For AHA formation, systematic analgesics intake was more significant comparing to its absolute quantity. Pronounced psycho-autonomic disorders and night-time sleep disturbances in AHA were revealed. In analgesics abuse, pain and NFR thresholds were significantly higher as compared to controls. However, pain to reflex thresholds ratio proved to be reduced that indicated a relative deficiency of antinociceptive system which is necessary for pain syndrome reduction.
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PMID:[Psychophysiological features of analgesics abuse headache]. 1244 59

The relationship between sleep and headache has been known for over a century. Headache and sleeping problems are both some of the most commonly reported problems in clinical practice, and cause considerable social and family problems, as well as socio-economic impact and costs. There is a clear association between headache and sleep disturbances, especially headaches occurring during the night or early morning. The mechanism and causes are complex, multifactorial and poorly understood. Headache disorders like migraine, tension-type headache, cluster headache and hypnic headache all affect or are directly related to sleep disturbances and daytime functioning. Sleep fragmentation, insomnia and hypersomnia all show relations to headache. Primary sleep disorders like insomnia, hypersomnias including sleep disordered breathing are all associated with and may cause headache. Furthermore medical, psychiatric and rheumatic diseases are associated with sleep disturbances and headache. The current knowledge about headache and sleep is still sparse and further research is advocated.
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PMID:Sleep and headache. 1250 79

Noxious stimuli and painful disorders interfere with sleep, but disturbances in sleep also contribute to the experience of pain.Chronic paroxysmal hemicrania and possibly cluster headaches are related to REM sleep. Whereas headache is associated with snoring and sleep apnea, morning headaches are not specific for any primary sleep disorder. Nevertheless, the management of the sleep disorder ameliorates both morning headache and migraine.Noxious stimuli administered into muscles during slow-wave sleep (SWS) result in decreases in delta and sigma but an increase in alpha and beta EEG frequencies during sleep. Noise stimuli that disrupt SWS result in unrefreshing sleep, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, tenderness, and fatigue in normal healthy subjects. Such symptoms accompany alpha EEG sleep patterns that often occur in patients with fibromyalgia. The alpha EEG patterns include phasic and tonic alpha EEG sleep as well as periodic K alpha EEG sleep or frequent periodic cyclical alternating pattern. Moreover, alpha EEG sleep, as well as sleep-related breathing disorder and periodic limb movement disorder, occur in some patients with fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Depression and not alpha EEG sleep are features of somatoform pain disorder. Disturbances in sleep, pain behaviour and psychological distress influence return to work in workers who have suffered a soft tissue injury, e.g. low back pain. Patients with irritable bowel disorder have disturbed sleep and have increased REM sleep. In conclusion, there is a reciprocal relationship between sleep quality and pain. The recognition of disturbed or unrefreshing sleep influences the management of painful medical disorders.
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PMID:Sleep and pain. 1253 Oct 4

Approximately 5,000 to 80,000 of the US service personnel involved in the Persian Gulf War have complained of a variety of nonspecific symptoms since their return in 1991. These symptoms have been collectively labeled Gulf War Illness and include muscle fatigue, general malaise, myalgia, impaired cognition, ataxia, headaches, fever, joint pain, skin rash, gastrointestinal disturbances, sleep disturbances, and respiratory difficulties. Exposures of military and service personnel were diverse and included the prescribed anti-nerve gas agent pyridostigmine bromide (PYR), N.N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) insect repellent, and environmental exposures to jet fuel. Thus, studies in our laboratory were undertaken to determine if concurrent exposure to these agents, singly or in combination, would contribute to significant alterations in immunological function and disease susceptibility. To assess immune status, eight-week old B6C3F1 female mice were exposed for 14 days to single compounds or tertiary mixtures of 15.5 mg/kg DEET, 2 mg/kg PYR, and 500 mg/kg JP-8 (termed low dose), or 31 mg/kg DEET, 5 mg/kg PYR, and 1,000 mg/kg JP-8 (termed high dose). Immunosuppression was assessed 24 h after the last exposure. No remarkable alterations were evident in hematological parameters, spleen and thymus organ weight and total cellularity, natural killer (NK) cell activity, cytotoxic T-cell activity, or mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation after exposure to either single or tertiary mixtures at low or high doses. A few changes in CD4/CD8 flow cytometric lymphocyte subpopulations were detected after exposure to the tertiary mixture at the high dose. Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) was decreased by 88% after exposure to the high-dose mixture, and suppression of antibody-specific IgM immune responses (plaque-forming cell, PFC) occurred after exposure to all single and tertiary mixtures at both dose levels. In the PFC response, antagonism was apparent in the mixture, while coexposure to these agents resulted in a synergistic effect in the DTH response. Susceptibility to B16F10 tumor or Listeria monocytogenes challenge was not affected after single or tertiary exposures. These data suggest that combined exposure to DEET, PYR, and JP-8 does not profoundly alter many immunological endpoints, but does selectively target functional endpoints such as the PFC and DTH response. This should be considered when assessing human health risks in the military environment.
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PMID:Evaluation of immunotoxicity induced by single or concurrent exposure to N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), pyridostigmine bromide (PYR), and JP-8 jet fuel. 1253 64

The intimate relationship between sleep and headache has been recognized for centuries, yet the relationship remains clinically and nosologically complex. Headaches associated with nocturnal sleep have often been perceived as either the cause or result of disrupted sleep. An understanding of the anatomy and physiology of both conditions allows for a clearer understanding of this complex relationship and a more rational clinical and therapeutic approach. Recent biochemical and functional imaging studies in patients with primary headache disorders has lead to the identification of potential central generators which are also important for the regulation of normal sleep architecture. Medical conditions (e.g. obstructive sleep apnea, depression) that may disrupt sleep and lead to nocturnal or morning headache can often be identified on clinical evaluation or by polysomnography. In contrast, primary headache disorders which often occur during nocturnal sleep or upon awakening, such as migraine, cluster headache, chronic paroxysmal hemicrania, and hypnic headache, can readily be diagnosed through clinical evaluation and managed with appropriate medication. These disorders, when not associated with co-morbid mood disorders or medications/analgesics overuse, seldom lead to significant sleep disruption. Identifying and classifying the specific headache disorder in patients with both headache and sleep disturbances can facilitate an appropriate diagnostic evaluation. Patients with poorly defined nocturnal or awakening headaches should undergo polysomnography to exclude a treatable sleep disturbance, especially in the absence of an underlying psychological disorder or analgesic overuse syndrome. In patients with a well defined primary headache disorder, unless there are compelling historical or examination findings suggestive of a primary sleep disturbance, a formal sleep evaluation is seldom necessary.
Headache 2003 Mar
PMID:Clinical, anatomical, and physiologic relationship between sleep and headache. 1260 50

To determine the prevalence of fibromyalgia in diabetes mellitus and obesity, 121 consecutive patients have been observed: 27 with obesity (6 males and 21 females; mean age 57 years, range 20-57; mean body mass index [BMI] 34); 88 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM; 40 males and 48 females; mean age 63 years, range 44-78; mean BMI 28.8; mean glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c] in the last year 8.3%); 6 with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM; 2 males and 4 females; mean age 52 years, range 26-76; mean BMI 24.5; mean HbA1c < 7%). An original questionnaire has been proposed (answer yes/not) as follows: 1) chronic (more than 3 months) and diffuse musculoskeletal pain; 2) sleep disturbances; 3) generalized fatigue; 4) paresthesias at the extremities; 5) swollen impression at hands and feet; 6) symptoms referred to irritable bowel syndrome; 7) headache; 8) symptoms change related with environmental climatic variations and/or exercise. A chronic and diffuse musculoskeletal pain has been reported by 62% of patients as well as in 9% of patients 11/18 positive tender points have been documented. In the patients with a BMI less that 26 the diagnosis of fibromyalgia was negative. Our data seem to reveal the presence of a significant clinical association between obesity, diabetes mellitus and fibromyalgia.
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PMID:[Prevalence of fibromyalgia in diabetes mellitus and obesity]. 1267 86


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