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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a Rehabilitation Clinic for Diseases of the Respiratory Organs we examined 497 male patients aged 45.9 +/- 11.1 years with a relative weight of 109 +/- 16.7% who were suffering from chronic diseases of the respiratory tract (66.2% chronic bronchitis, 33.8% asthma bronchiale, 49.6% obstruction of the respiratory tract). They were subjected to a detailed physical examination and were given an anamnestic questionnaire for the purpose of diagnosing sleep-related respiratory disturbances (Siegrist et al., 1987). In addition, whole body plethysmography was performed in all patients as well as a pulse-oximetric examination during night sleep. Using factor analysis, it was possible to extract 5 factors from the 23 items of the anamnesis questionnaire. With these 5 factors, 60.5% of the total variance could be explained. These factors describe: 1. Dyspnoea (35.3%); 2. Vigilance (8.5%); 3. Sleep disturbances (6.3%); 4. Headache (5.8%) and 5. Snoring (4.7%). Different factor patterns are seen for different groups of patients. In patients suspected of an obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, however, it will always be necessary to perform further stage-wise diagnosis to safeguard the diagnosis.
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PMID:[Evaluation of an anamnesis questionnaire for the diagnosis of sleep apnea in patients with chronic diseases of the respiratory organs]. 186 94

The present study sought to relate the well-being of night workers to that of the working population in general. One hundred and ninety-seven male permanent night security guards were interviewed with regard to the occurrence of various symptoms during the previous 12-month period. The results were compared with the results from similar interviews with a representative national sample of males (n = 1769) in the Swedish workforce. An age standardized morbidity ratio was computed with control for various background variables. The results showed that the security guards had a 2-3 times higher occurrence of sleep disturbances and fatigue than the national sample. Among the variables not differing from the national sample were gastrointestinal problems, headache, nervous problems, depression, nausea, diarrhoea, and haemorrhoids. It was concluded that sleep/wake disturbances are considerably more usual in permanent night security guards than in the working population as a whole.
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PMID:Self-reported health and well-being amongst night security guards: a comparison with the working population. 188 8

Recently there have been reports that long-term use of estrogen- containing oral contraceptives (OCs) can induce folic acid and vitamin B deficiency which can lead to hematopoiesis. The symptoms are paleness, forgetfulness, sleeplessness, and euphoric and depressive states. This deficiency occurs when serum folic content falls below 8 nmol/1 or 3 ng/ml. According to a nutrition group blood folic acid level declined up to 40% in patients taking OCs. In a Sri Lanka study of healthy women aged 20-45 taking Ovulen 50 (.05 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 1 mg of ethynodiol diacetate) folic acid level dropped in the 1st 6 months stabilizing at 2.2 ng/ml in those from the lowest social classes and at 2.9 ng/ml in those from privileged classes. Prophylactic substitution of folic acid in the diet was recommended by WHO, but it is less effective since it appears in the diet as polyglutamate that has to be broken down to absorbable monoglutamate. A US study found that taking OCs for 60 months resulted in a 40% reduction of the vitamin B12 serum level, while vitamin B12 concentrations in erythrocytes and peripheral blood stayed normal. Vitamin B12 helps recover tetrahydrofolic acid from N-methyltetrahydrofolic acid. Possibly this is another manifestation of OC-induced folic acid hypovitaminosis. OCs can also influence tryptophan metabolism reducing its blood concentration whereby less 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) is produced. This results in headache, concentration decreases irritability, and sleep disturbances. In addition, lower riboflavin (vitamin B2) and thiamin concentration in erythrocytes was reported after using OCs. Counseling on the possible effect on vitamin stores and on proper nutrition including folic acid as monoglutamate is necessary for women who use OCs or estrogen substitution therapy for postmenopause or for osteoporosis prophylaxis.
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PMID:[Folic acid and vitamin deficiency caused by oral contraceptives]. 192 42

Health and environmental assessment of the consequences of accidental contamination of an area in the Negev desert is described and the effects of exposure to bromine vapor in 6 persons evaluated. They were only mildly affected during the acute spillage of the bromine, with some respiratory symptoms and first and second degree skin burns of small exposed areas on the legs. All were treated in hospital and were released within 1-4 days. 6-8 weeks later they demonstrated a complex array of complaints, including cough, shortness of breath, chest tightness, eye irritation, headache, dizziness, fatigue, memory disturbances, sleep and sexual disturbances. These complaints could not be substantiated by objective clinical or laboratory examination. There was thus obvious magnification of the complaints 1-2 months after the accident.
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PMID:[Late health sequelae of accidental bromine exposure]. 225 10

We report two cases of sleep disturbances and perceptual disorder appearing in close temporal relationship with initiation of flunarizine therapy for migraine prophylaxis: these side effects disappeared after therapy interruption; resumption of the drug in one case was associated with symptom recurrence.
Headache 1990 Jan
PMID:Insomnia and perceptual disturbances during flunarizine treatment. 230 50

Migraine headaches can be successfully treated both abortively and prophylactically with carefully selected pharmaceutical agents. Mixed headache syndrome is complex and difficult to manage. Treatment is often complicated by patients' susceptibility to dependency and accompanying sleep disturbances, as well as by troublesome drug interactions. Cranial neuralgias can be successfully treated in the majority of cases. Since many patients with cranial neuralgias are elderly, careful monitoring of serum drug levels and frequent blood cell counts during therapy are crucial.
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PMID:Management of headaches. Focus on new strategies. 231 45

Eighteen professional divers (age range 24-33 yr, mean 28.3) participated in one simulated dive to 360 meters of seawater (msw) in a helium-oxygen (heliox) atmosphere with equal compression and decompression profiles. All divers were given an extensive neurologic examination before diving. Clinical neurologic symptoms observed during the dives were equilibrium disorder, sleep disturbances, fatigue, nausea, loose stools, stomach pain, tremor, mental disturbances, reduced appetite, and headache. Symptoms were scored individually by each diver. The symptoms were analyzed statistically by factor analysis, which grouped them into four factors. These symptoms are presumably related to functional disturbances in the brain stem and the cerebellum. Factor 3 symptoms (tremor, mental disturbances, reduced appetite) correlated significantly to a history of predive decompression sickness (P = 0.006) and to cerebral concussion (P = 0.023). Three divers were periodically unable to work at bottom due to equilibrium disorder, diarrhea, or nausea. One diver with mild polyneuropathy and slight cerebral atrophy as seen by computerized tomography and another diver with abnormal electroencephalography were periodically unable to work due to equilibrium disorder and nausea, respectively. We advocate that divers with signs of central or peripheral nervous system dysfunction should not be selected for deep diving.
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PMID:Analysis of neurologic symptoms in deep diving: implications for selection of divers. 232 22

Three Cysticercus bovis cysts were ingested voluntarily and the prepatent period was found to be 84 days. Observation on the frequency of proglottid apolysis for 26 days revealed a total of 85 segments with or without faeces. Abdominal pain began one month before the prepatent period. Nausea, headache, and disturbed sleep became apparent only after the end of the prepatent period. During the segment shedding period, a 10.5% increase in eosinophilia and a 13.0% increase in lymphocytes were observed. A count of eggs in 20 gravid segments revealed an average of 89,000 eggs per segment. Treatment using praziquantel a single dosage of 10 mg/kg body weight expelled the worm including the scolex.
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PMID:Observations on self-induced Taenia saginata infection. 236 38

In the Swiss Ketanserin Study the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of ketanserin (given in 20 or 40 mg doses twice daily) was investigated, after a placebo run-in phase, as monotherapy (n = 68) as well as in combination with either atenolol (100 mg/day) (n = 30) or the potassium-sparing diuretic hydrochlorothiazide (50 mg/day) and amiloride (5 mg/day) (n = 26) in 124 patients with essential hypertension, aged 41 to 82 years. With the addition of ketanserin, diastolic blood pressure fell by 8 +/- 8, 8 +/- 8, and 7 +/- 9 (+/- SD) mm Hg, respectively (p less than 0.05 for all) in the three treatment groups; heart rate remained unchanged or fell slightly. Ketanserin had no effect on body weight, or biochemical variables, including total serum cholesterol and triglycerides, with the exception of a minor increase in apolipoprotein B. Using a patient self-assessment questionnaire (30 items), the addition of ketanserin was associated with a reduction of most of the symptoms encountered in the placebo phase, including sleep disturbances, general feeling of weakness, headaches, nervousness, and fatigue, but there was a tendency toward increases in stuffy nose and dry mouth. In patients older than 60 years, the antihypertensive efficacy of ketanserin was greater, with 59% achieving a diastolic pressure less than or equal to 95 mm Hg versus 45% in the younger patients. This age trend also emerged when ketanserin was combined with either atenolol or the diuretic.
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PMID:Antihypertensive efficacy of ketanserin alone or in combination with a beta-blocker or a diuretic: the Swiss Ketanserin Study. 244 58

In order to investigate the efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with flupirtine in patients with chronic pain, in particular arthrosis and arthritis, a study was planned which, when completed, will encompass the treatment of 200 patients over a 12-month period. The present paper is a preliminary report of this ongoing study. The report deals with 104 patients: 55 of whom completed the 12-month treatment period and a 2-week follow-up phase, during which flupirtine was replaced by placebo in order to be able to detect drug-withdrawal effects. Forty nine patients withdrew from the study. Most of the patients were suffering from degenerative rheumatic arthrosis or inflammatory rheumatic arthritis. The average daily dosage was 300 mg. The incidence of drop-outs was highest in the first months with hardly any patients withdrawing in the last six months. Fifteen patients dropped out because of side effects (dizziness, nausea, sleep disturbances, and headache). Ten patients dropped out because of ineffectiveness, seven because of side effects plus ineffectiveness, and three because of side effects and other reasons. The remaining 14 patients dropped out because of other or non-medical reasons. For the 55 patients who completed the study, the analgesic took effect within 45 minutes to 2 hours, the duration of effect was 4-6 hours. Three-quarters of the patients responded to the drug, one-quarter did not. The analgesic effect remained constant during the 12-month treatment, as did the average number of capsules taken per month. There was no evidence that tolerance developed. The most frequent side effects were drowsiness (9% of patients), dizziness (11%), dry mouth (5%) and pruritus (9%). The withdrawal symptom scale completed every month during treatment (to determine baseline values) and every day throughout the 2-week placebo post-treatment phase showed no changes in the median. The mean value increased during the withdrawal phase, however, indicating that the symptomatology was more pronounced in some subjects. After withdrawal, the non-specific symptoms increased to a greater extent than symptoms from the opiate scale. The symptoms were present throughout the withdrawal phase. If the withdrawal phenomena had corresponded to the flupirtine's terminal half-life, then the symptoms ought to have been present mainly in the first few days. There was a slight trend for lowering systolic blood pressure but no changes in diastolic blood pressure or heart rate, nor changes in the ECG or laboratory analysis that could be related to flupirtine. These preliminary data suggest that flupirtine is safe when given for a period of one year.
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PMID:On the adverse reactions and efficacy of long-term treatment with flupirtine: preliminary results of an ongoing twelve-month study with 200 patients suffering from chronic pain states in arthrosis or arthritis. 245 18


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