Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Over a 17 year period, 1975-91, 10 children were managed who had sinusitis-induced subdural or extradural empyema. Their ages ranged from 6 to 14 years, with a mean of 11 years. All presented with worsening headaches, fever, vomiting, all had neurological abnormalities, and all had symptoms or signs suggestive of sinusitis. Initial computed tomography gave normal results in five cases and the empyema was diagnosed on the second or third scan. All patients had symptoms for at least one to two weeks before the diagnosis was made. Streptococcus milleri was the organism most frequently implicated. Medical treatment was started in all cases on admission, but all required surgical intervention before resolution.
 ...
PMID:Sinusitis-induced subdural empyema. 136 38

Headache is a common complaint in patients presenting to the emergency department. Most such headaches are benign, but some have a more severe organic cause. Occasionally, patients present with a chronic headache disorder with which they can no longer cope. The new International Headache Society Classification of Headache is reviewed along with the differential diagnosis of benign headache disorders. Headache diagnosis by history is examined in detail followed by a discussion of the emergency presentation of headache patients. Causes for concern are presented, along with a detailed discussion of differential diagnosis, including subarachnoid hemorrhage, meningitis, sinusitis, glaucoma, internal carotid artery dissection, and cerebro-vascular disease. Also discussed are medications used for the symptomatic treatment of headache, including analgesics, NSAIDs, narcotics, and ergotamine preparations. Approaches to the treatment of the severe, persistent headache in the emergency department are outlined and treatment options suggested. Headache medication overuse is discussed and guidelines are presented to recognize the condition and prevent its recurrence.
Headache 1992 Sep
PMID:Evaluation and emergency treatment of headache. 139 62

The authors observed 6 cases of brain pseudotumours in children aged from 3 to 15 years. All patients had been referred with the diagnosis of brain tumour, with headaches, eye fundus changes fundus changes. Some children had nystagmus, squint, vomiting and dizziness. One child had pharyngitis, two had sinusitis. Contrast brain examinations gave normal results. Diet with salt and fluid restriction and oedema-reducing drugs (glycerol, mannitol, decadron) were used. In all patients the neurological and ophthalmological signs regressed within 3 to 12 weeks.
 ...
PMID:[Pseudotumor cerebri in children]. 145 58

A series of 18 children with orbital infection secondary to sinusitis is described. The presenting symptoms were headache and periorbital swelling but it was found to be impossible to determine the stage of the orbital infection on clinical grounds. CT scanning can accurately identify the presence of a sub-periosteal abscess but both axial and coronal sections may be needed to diagnose abscesses in the superomedial portion of the orbit. Cellulitis may be managed by antibiotic treatment alone, but if an abscess is present it should be drained immediately with a formal ethmoidectomy to decompress the orbit if there is any evidence of reduced visual acuity.
 ...
PMID:Orbital infection secondary to sinusitis in children: diagnosis and management. 149 36

A preadolescent with headache and stiff neck presented for emergency department care. The presumptive diagnosis of viral meningitis was entertained on the basis of clinical examination and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Events subsequent to his release from the department formed the stimulus for this report. It is apparent that patients with complicated sinusitis may present with a constellation of findings consistent with viral meningitis.
 ...
PMID:An aseptic meningitis picture from incipient brain abscess. 151 39

Sinusitis can occur as an acute, subacute, recurrent acute, or chronic clinical disease process in children. Sinusitis most often manifests as a prolongation or complication of a viral upper respiratory tract infection. Because children average six to eight upper respiratory tract infections per year, sinusitis is probably a more frequent diagnosis in the pediatric age group compared with adults who average two to three upper respiratory infections per year. Upward of 5 to 13% of children may experience sinusitis, but precise incidence data are not available because many imaging techniques currently available are inappropriate procedures for a prospective pediatric survey. Symptoms of acute sinusitis in children can vary from the more common persistent, purulent rhinorrhea and cough to the less common symptoms of fever, headache, facial pain, and swelling. Recurrent acute and chronic sinusitis may be associated with another condition such as a host-defense defect, cystic fibrosis, asthma, or a local condition that predisposes to obstruction of the sinus ostia such as nasal polyps, deviated septum, foreign body, or allergic inflammation. Diagnosis of sinusitis can be made on the basis of a careful history and physical examination with radiography reserved for confirmation of clinical impression or documentation of disease. Although fiberoptic rhinoscopy is used more frequently as an adjunct in adults for the evaluation and management of sinusitis, more studies need to be performed to document its clinical usefulness in children.
 ...
PMID:Diagnosis of sinusitis in children: emphasis on the history and physical examination. 152 32

The symptoms of sinusitis are common and overlap other diseases ranging from common colds to perennial rhinitis. When symptoms are prolonged and interfere with daily living, an appropriate set of investigations are indicated. The workup is designed to detect both the presence and extent of any disease in the paranasal sinus cavities. In chronic sinusitis, a constellation of nonspecific symptoms such as facial pressure, headache, nasal obstruction, and drainage may occur. Physical examination is important to exclude anatomic causes of symptoms. A negative physical examination does not rule out the diagnosis. Adjunctive tests in selected cases include nasal cytologic studies, ultrasound studies, and the use of flexible or rigid nasal endoscopes, in addition to imaging tests such as radiology and computed tomography.
 ...
PMID:Diagnosis of sinusitis in adults: history, physical examination, nasal cytology, echo, and rhinoscope. 152 33

The cause of cystic fibrosis has been determined to be faulty ionic transport of chloride across the apical membrane of epithelial cells lining exocrine glands. The subnormal ionic transport leads to dehydration of extra cellular fluids and the development of thickened inspissated mucous secretions. The vast majority of patients with cystic fibrosis develop sinus disease with panopacification of the sinuses present in 90% to 100% of patients older than 8 months of age. Indications for surgical management of sinusitis in children with cystic fibrosis include (1) chronic nasal obstruction with mouth breathing, (2) chronic purulent draining nasal secretions unresponsive to medical treatment, and (3) persistent headaches thought to be related to sinusitis. Operative therapy is based on computerized tomographic scan findings and can be performed endoscopically. Postoperative management is critical for ensuring successful surgical results. Antibiotics, topical steroids, and cleansing of the surgical fields must be performed on a regular basis to ensure adequate healing. The impact of sinusitis on the cystic fibrosis population is significant. Approximately 20% of patients will eventually require surgical treatment of their sinuses. Chronic sinusitis may cause deformities of the external nasal skeleton, a loss of the sense of smell, and headaches.
 ...
PMID:Impact of sinusitis in cystic fibrosis. 152 48

Infections caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae were first described in 1985. The infection can cause common cold, sore throat, hoarseness, cough, headache, fatigue and sometimes influenza-like illness. Examination can indicate serous otitis media, sinusitis, laryngitis, bronchitis and pneumonia. The course can be long and relapsing. The recommended drugs for treatment are tetracycline or erythromycin for at least two weeks. Five verified cases are described in the article, four of them with symptoms from the upper respiratory tract only. It is concluded that Chlamydia pneumoniae is a not unusual cause of upper airway diseases. Up to now the diagnosis can best be verified by micro immunofluorescence. The authors call for a rapid and reliable test for use in physician's office. It is proposed that infections caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae be termed TWAR.
 ...
PMID:[TWAR infection is a common diagnosis in outpatient clinics]. 157 35

Acute sinusitis in adults is manifested by fever, facial pain and purulent rhinorrhea, but children--who rarely have headache or facial tenderness--have persistent cough in addition to fever and purulent rhinorrhea. Sinus transillumination is diagnostically useful only in adults. In children, maxillary sinus radiographs are indicated. New studies show ultrasound examination to be less sensitive than plain radiographs. Cultures obtained by aspiration of the maxillary sinuses are useful in complicated cases. Amoxicillin is still effective as first-line treatment, but treatment failure requires a prompt change to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or ciprofloxacin. Nosocomial sinusitis requires coverage for gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Immunocompromised patients, including those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, require treatment for fungal organisms. Decongestants are of unproven value. Referral for irrigation and surgical drainage is indicated for recurrent or recalcitrant sinusitis. Flexible endoscopy allows visualization and debridement of diseased tissue in cases of chronic sinusitis.
 ...
PMID:Acute sinusitis: diagnosis and treatment update. 146 11


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>