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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An epidemic of influenza B began in January, 1977, in two rural parishes in northeastern Louisiana and quickly spread to involve 29% of their population with clinical influenza. This epidemic was investigated using a standard questionnaire and a random sample of 4.2% of the population. The clinical illness was typical of influenza, with predominant fever, cough, malaise and headache. Gastrointestinal symptoms were part of the clinical syndrome. Rhinitis and diarrhea were significantly more common in children aged five years or less. Clinical attack rates increased with larger household size. The youngest age groups had clinical attack rate of 40--55%, but the elderly had very low attack rates. The direct cost of influenza-like illness during the epidemic averaged almost $30.00 per case. Knowledge of the cost of influenza-like illness and age-specific attack rates should be useful in planning future control efforts for influenza B.
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PMID:The epidemiology of influenza B in a rural setting in 1977. 11 Jan 44

12 patients with adverse reactions to foods are discussed, including 1 with biopsy-proven ulcerative proctitis. 10 had predominantly gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomiting) and two had rhinitis and headache. Skin tests (in all but two) and radioallergosorbent tests (RAST) in some patients were negative. All of the patients were challenged in hospital with the offending food, either alone or preceded by a prostaglandin synthetase-inhibiting drug (aspirin, indomethacin or Ibuprofen). In 11 of the 12 patients this premedication prevented both the gastrointestinal and the more remote symptoms. Blood and stool prostaglandin measurements (PGE2 and PGF2 alpha) showed changes which correlated with clinical symptoms and did not occur if one of the inhibiting drugs had been given prior to challenge.
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PMID:Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors and food intolerance. 11 24

250 adults were checked-up 1 to 19 years following submucous septal resection, most of them after 4 to 6 years. In two thirds of these cases the nasal obstruction was abolished, and in 60 to 80 per cent sequelae of nasal blockage (otitis, non-specific rhinitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis) were reduced or healed. The positive influence of the resection on allergic rhinitis and headache was less (20 to 40%). 33 per cent of the patients complained of permanent nasal obstruction instead of surgery. In 45 per cent of these cases the obstruction appeared with a postoperative delay of 6 months and more! Deviation of the anterior septal remnant is the most frequent reason for obstruction. Other negative sequelae following submucous resection are atrophy of the mucosa (45%), hyperplasia of the inferior tubinates (38%), excessive mobility of the septum (13%), perforations (9%), and saddling of the cartilaginous nasal roof (7%). A comparison of the long-term results following submucous resection and following septoplasty show the better results by septoplasty.
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PMID:[Long-term results of submucous septal resection (author's transl)]. 72 91

The authors discuss the problem of the diagnosis of sinusitis in children from the viewpoint of the practising paediatrician, on the basis of 106 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 17 years, and suffering from sinusitis. Maxillary sinusitis (56.5%) and a combination of maxillary and ethmoidal sinusitis (24.5%) were commonest, and pan-sinusitis occurred in about 10% of cases. The commonest complaints in the history were cough, headache, pyrexia and rhinitis. The commonest clinical findings were pharyngitis, retropharyngeal drip, tenderness to pressure over the sinus points, otitis media, a deterioration in the general condition, enlarged tender angular lymph nodes, bronchitis and rhinitis. The result of treatment of sinusitis in childhood with the antibiotic used here, doxycycline, are assessed. A successful result was obtained in 94.3% of cases; cure in 77 patients (72.6%) and marked improvement in 23 (21.7%). There were six failures (5.7%). In the majority of children - 72 cases (68%), the duration of treatment was 15-21 days. It was 10-14 days in 18 children (17%) and more than 3 weeks in 16 children (15%). Rapid subjective improvement was seen in 65 cases (61.3%), and rapid objective improvement in 80 (75.5%). The tolerance of doxycycline was very good in nearly all patients. Mild symptoms of gastrointestinal intolerance were seen in two cases.
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PMID:Sinusitis in paediatrics. 83 May 15

An outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection occurred during the period March-May 1989 among the personnel of the Accident and Emergency Department of the Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. The index patient was a young male orderly, who fell ill with severe pneumonia. His tracheal mucus sample proved to be strongly positive for MP when tested by a commercial DNA-RNA hybridization test (Gen-Probe). After the index patient two additional staff members (an orderly and a nurse) fell ill with pneumonia and 66 others showed symptoms of upper respiratory infection or fever. The most frequent symptoms were a sore throat, a cough, rhinitis and headaches. All 97 employees of the department were tested for the presence of MP in April-May 1989 using throat swabs as test material. Forty-three (44%) were found to be positive for MP by the 'Gen-Probe' test. Eight (19%) of the MP positive staff were completely asymptomatic. The MP positive staff were retested about 3 weeks later, whereupon 40 (93%) had become negative. Most of the persons involved in this outbreak suffered only from mild respiratory symptoms, suggesting that MP outbreaks like the present one may easily pass unnoticed.
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PMID:Outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection among hospital personnel studied by a nucleic acid hybridization test. 135 13

Fluticasone propionate is a potent topical anti-inflammatory corticosteroid with low systemic activity. Available pharmacodynamic data are only preliminary; however, large placebo- and drug-controlled clinical studies involving almost 4000 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis and 1500 with perennial allergic and nonallergic rhinitis have confirmed the efficacy of intranasal fluticasone propionate in the control of nasal symptoms. Fluticasone propionate generally demonstrated similar efficacy compared with intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate, flunisolide acetonide and oral astemizole and better or a trend towards better efficacy compared with oral loratadine, terfenadine, cetirizine and intranasal sodium cromoglycate (cromolyn sodium) against nasal symptoms. The incidence of adverse effects in association with intranasal fluticasone propionate appears to be comparable to that observed with placebo; the most frequently reported effects are nasal dryness/burning, epistaxis and headache. Consistent with its minimal systemic availability, intranasal fluticasone propionate in a dosage of up to 4 mg/day does not cause adrenal suppression. Thus, based on early data from large clinical trials, fluticasone propionate administered once daily offers an effective and convenient treatment option in patients with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, and is distinguished by its low oral bioavailability.
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PMID:Intranasal fluticasone propionate. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in allergic rhinitis. 137 51

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are useful first-line drugs in the therapy of mild and moderate hypertension. Adverse reactions to this drug class are rarely serious. Hypotension, cough, rash, and taste disturbance are uncommon; reduced glomerular filtration and hyperkalemia occur infrequently; angioedema is rare and neutropenia is extremely rare. Quinapril is a new ACE inhibitor that is converted to biologically active quinaprilat in the liver. This ACE inhibitor has a rapid onset of action and inhibits local tissue converting enzyme systems in kidney, heart, and brain, as well as in the circulating renin-angiotensin system. Clinically significant adverse effects of quinapril occur at low rates. In 1,771 patients receiving quinapril, the reported incidence of the first occurrence of orthostatic hypotension was comparable to that seen in patients receiving placebo. In other studies, headache was reported by up to 4.7% of patients receiving quinapril, which is comparable to reported incidences of headache in patients receiving other ACE inhibitors. Other adverse events reported at rates greater than 1% include cough with associated rhinitis and bronchitis, dizziness, and somnolence. Such adverse events have only rarely led to the withdrawal of patients from clinical studies of quinapril.
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PMID:Adverse effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in antihypertensive therapy with focus on quinapril. 154 39

The most important symptoms caused by food additives are urticaria and angioedema, but rhinitis, asthma and gastrointestinal disturbances are also reported. Only seldom food additives have been shown to induce symptoms in other organs such central nervous system or joints and with a sparse objective evidence. In this study, we report two cases of unusual reactions to food additives (tartrazine and benzoates) involving mainly the central nervous system (headache, migraine, overactivity, concentration and learning difficulties, depression) and joints (arthralgias), confirmed with diet and double blind challenge. The possible pathogenetic mechanisms are also discussed.
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PMID:[Unusual reactions to food additives]. 157 15

Some patients report rhinitis symptoms after exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), but objective assessments of this response have been lacking. Furthermore, the mechanism of this response is unknown. We assessed the frequency of ETS-related symptoms by administering a questionnaire to 77 healthy nonsmoking young adults who were participating in an unrelated study. Of the subjects 34% (26 of 77) reported one or more rhinitis symptoms (congestion, rhinorrhea, or sneezing) following ETS exposure. We then exposed 10 historically ETS-sensitive (ETS-S) and 11 historically ETS-nonsensitive (ETS-NS) subjects to 15 min of clean air followed by 15 min of sidestream tobacco smoke (CO concentration of 45 parts per million). At selected time points during these procedures we recorded symptoms, posterior nasal resistance, and spirometry and performed nasal lavages. ETS-S but not ETS-NS subjects reported significant (p less than 0.01) increases in nasal congestion, headache, chest discomfort or tightness, and cough following exposure to sidestream tobacco smoke. Rhinorrhea symptoms were greater and more prolonged in ETS-S subjects compared to ETS-NS subjects. Significant (p less than 0.01) increases in perception of odor and in eye, nose, and throat irritation occurred in both study groups, but ETS-S subjects reported significantly more nose and throat irritation. No significant changes in posterior nasal resistance occurred in the ETS-NS group but a significant increase occurred in the ETS-S subjects, with the resistance rising from 3.8 +/- 0.5 cm H2O/L/s (mean +/- SE) preexposure to a peak of 8.0 +/- 2.7 cm H2O/L/s 20 min after completion of the smoke exposure (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Upper respiratory tract environmental tobacco smoke sensitivity. 171 Aug 79

Building-related illness ranges from mild rhinitis to potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity pneumonitis and legionellosis. Sick-building syndrome, consisting of headache, mucous membrane irritation, and fatigue, may be present in 30% of all office workers. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, asthma, and legionellosis are less common, and it is difficult from existing studies to estimate the incidence of these more severe illnesses. There are even fewer data on an illness now being called multiple chemical sensitivity and its relationship to indoor environments. New studies are needed to estimate the frequency of all building-associated illnesses, and case definitions for these disorders must be delineated.
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PMID:Severity of health effects associated with building-related illness. 182 80


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