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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An inquiry investigation carried out in a randomly selected group of adult population of Warsaw comprising 3 518 subjects showed that 37% of men and 68% of women (54% of the whole group) had headaches. The index of migraine prevalence (Mg) and vascular-tension headaches prevalence (Nbg) estimated on the basis of medical examination of 10% of the sample was 4% and 13% respectively in women and 2% and 6% respectively in men. For the whole sample this index was 3% and 10% respectively. The percent prevalence of Mg and Nbg among patients complaining spontaneously of headaches was 12% and 39% respectively, and among patients answering to questions about headaches this index was 6% and 19% respectively. On the basis of these results the prevalence of Mg and Nbg in the general population was calculated. No greater prevalence of Mg was found among epileptics and first-degree relatives of epileptics.
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PMID:[Epidemiology of vascular headache and migraine in the population of Warsaw]. 116 37

Acupuncture techniques, primarily self-administered acupressure, were evaluated as symptomatic treatment for the pain of migraine, histamine cephalgia, and tension headaches. A twenty-four month study was conducted with a general neuropsychiatric outpatient practice of more than 500 patients, seen for more than 5000 outpatient visits; more than 200 patients had significant headache symptomatology. Appropriate pharmacologic, dietary and psychotherapeutic treatments were administered for underlying metabolic, neurologic and psychiatric disorders. The results of the study indicated that acupuncture techniques were reasonably effective in relieving the pain of migraine and tension headaches. Auto-acupressure replaced outpatient prescriptions for analgesics, ergotamine preparations, steroids, propanolol or methysgeride. The value of auto-acupressure was enhanced by its easy availability of application and lack of toxic effects.
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PMID:Treatment of headache pain with auto-acupressure. 125 62

Orbital phlebography has previously been found to be pathologic in 8 of 13 patients with episodic cluster headache. To compare the frequency and pattern of the pathologic findings in cluster headache with those in other headache categories, orbital phlebographies were carried out in patients with cluster headache, cervicogenic headache, migraine and tension-type headache (tension headache). The investigations were evaluated independently by two radiologists, one of whom had no knowledge of the diagnoses. The frequencies of pathologic findings were at maximal 2/12 in the cluster headache group, 2/11 in the cervicogenic headache group, 5/12 in the migraine group and 5/15 in the tension-type headache group. The investigators agreed completely in the evaluation of 39/50 phlebograms, with lesser disagreements in 7. In conclusion, the frequency of pathologic findings at orbital phlebography in cluster headache was not higher than in the other diagnostic categories investigated, and the pattern of the pathology was generally the same.
Headache 1992 Sep
PMID:Orbital phlebography: a comparison between cluster headache and other headaches. 848 16

The Chiari type I malformation has recently been reported in three generations of a family, including female monozygotic twins. Headache was the main symptom in several family members. Various headache patterns consistent with migraine without aura, cough headache, tension headache and hypoliquorrhoeic headache were present, and different patterns might coexist in the same patient. In the twins and their mother, who all had a headache consistent with migraine without aura, there were atypical features such as occipital pain location, lack of side-shift of the pain, lack of ergotamine effect and precipitation of attacks by Valsalva-like manoeuvres. The headache was significantly relieved by operation in the one twin with major herniation and the most marked headache. We suggest that in these patients the migraine-like headache mimics true migraine but that there is a causal relationship between the different headache types reported and the malformation.
Cephalalgia 1992 Oct
PMID:Headache and Chiari type I malformation: occurrence in female monozygotic twins and first-degree relatives. 142 62

This study compares autogenic training and training in multiple self-hypnosis strategies in a sample of 56 patients diagnosed as having chronic tension headache on the basis of medical evaluation by a neurologist. At posttreatment and follow-up, no differences between the two treatment regimens in the reduction of headache and psychological distress were observed. During treatment, patients reduced their headache activity and level of psychological distress significantly in contrast to the waiting-list period (p < 0.05). Follow-up measurements indicated that therapeutic improvement was maintained (p < 0.05). Short-term and long-term pain reduction was accompanied by an increase in perceived pain control (p < 0.003). Moreover, those patients who attributed the pain reduction obtained during therapy to their own efforts manifested long-term pain reduction (p < 0.003).
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PMID:Autogenic training and self-hypnosis in the control of tension headache. 147 11

Treatment integrity procedures, generally lacking in previous research, were employed for evaluation of relaxation training for tension headaches. Treatment integrity is the extent to which the therapist implements the relaxation procedure as described, and the degree to which the patients comply with the therapist's instructions. Objective compliance with the home practice of relaxation training was assessed using a microcomputer-based method which required the patient to squeeze a hand control when instructed to tense a muscle. A single-case replication design with three tension headache patients was used. The dependent variables were taken from patients' self-reported daily headache data. Results indicate that: (a) the therapist accurately adhered to the relaxation training protocol; (b) headache frequency decreased in all patients from baseline to 1-year follow-up (improvements ranged from 72.7% to 98.2%); and (c) improvement was greater with higher compliance.
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PMID:Treatment integrity of relaxation training for tension headaches. 148 37

EMG biofeedback was used during a 4-week treatment program to decrease upper trapezius activity related to tension headaches. The headaches were believed to be caused by general tension and anxiety and affected the patient's ability to adequately attend to activities of daily living, including child care, homemaking, and vocational activities. The program combined deep-breathing exercises, progressive muscular relaxation exercises, resisted shoulder elevation exercises, and EMG monitoring during upper extremity tasks involving shoulder flexion. An important adjunct to clinic sessions was a home exercise program to be completed 2 to 3 times per day. In this case, the EMG biofeedback program was successful in assisting the patient to eliminate tension headaches for at least an 8-week period. At the same time, the patient reported an increased ability to attend to activities of daily living, stating that she was able to "do more around the house" and had not missed a day at work in 2 months.
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PMID:The use of electromyographic biofeedback in treating a client with tension headaches. 151 70

In a cross-sectional epidemiological survey of a general population, headache disorders were diagnosed according to a structured interview and a neurological examination using the criteria of the International Headache Society. The prevalences and sex distribution of the primary headache disorders were assessed, and characteristics of and interrelationships between different types of headache were analyzed. Severity and frequency of migraine attacks were not correlated, indicating that the migraine attack is an all-or-none phenomenon triggered with an individually variable threshold. Tension-type headache, in contrast, showed increasing severity with increasing frequency, indicating that it is a graded phenomenon. In the previous year, 6% had migraine without aura (previously called "common migraine") and 4% had migraine with aura (previously called "classic migraine"); 63% had episodic tension-type headache and 3% chronic tension-type headache. In women, migraine without aura was twice as prevalent as migraine with aura; in men, an opposite trend emerged. In migraine without aura, pain was more severe than in migraine with aura. Tension-type headache in migraineurs was not significantly more prevalent than in nonmigraineurs and, except for greater frequency and severity, it did not deviate nosographically from pure tension-type headache. Our results support the contention that migraine and tension-type headache are distinct entities, contradict the so-called continuum-severity model, and indicate that the terms combination headache, mixed headache, and interval headache should be avoided.
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PMID:Interrelations between migraine and tension-type headache in the general population. 835 61

This study investigated the relationship between minor life events (i.e. daily hassles) and personality patterns from selected scales of MMPI in the persistence of primary headache in 83 patients. Comparisons between headache subgroups indicated that tension-type headache patients are much more likely than those with migraine to have experienced high level of microstress (hassles density), with mixed headache in between. Tension-type headache patients reported higher MMPI scores on scales 1, Hypochondriasis (somatic concern), scale 3, Hysteria (denial) and scale 7, Psychasthenia (anxiety), but not on scale 2 (Depression), than migrainous patients. In addition, individuals with high level of microstress appeared to be more depressed and anxious than low-stress headache patients, scoring significantly higher on MMPI scales 2 (Depression) and 7 (Psychasthenia). As no significant differences due to sex, age, headache history and status, except for the headache density (i.e. severity x frequency) appeared, it is likely that high-stress levels are due, at least in part, to greater density of pain, rather than to discrete headache syndromes. Our findings support the notion that depressed mood and anxiety may account for a third intervening variable in the relationship between chronic headache and life stress.
Headache 1992 Jul
PMID:Minor stressful life events (daily hassles) in chronic primary headache: relationship with MMPI personality patterns. 152 63

In an exploratory study of a general population of 209 young children (M = 12.9 yr. old), 59% of those with migraine or tension headache (n = 41) reported one or more triggers. More triggers were reported from those with tension headaches than from those with migrainous headaches.
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PMID:Perception of triggers in young nonclinical school students with migrainous headaches and with tension headaches. 152 82


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