Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neurological findings in preeclampsia fulfill diagnostic criteria of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), which is related to cerebral autoregulation impairment associated with high blood pressure. In preeclampsia, PRES may occur without a significant increase in blood pressure. Our aim was to investigate the association between ophthalmic artery resistive index (OARI) and clinical evidence of PRES, defined as the presence of headache and blurred vision, in patients with severe preeclampsia. OARI and main clinical and laboratory parameters were obtained in 112 patients with severe preeclampsia. Differences in these parameters were analyzed in the function of clinical evidence of PRES with a 2-sample t test. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve for each of these parameters in the function of clinical evidence of PRES was obtained. Logistic regression models were established with parameters categorized by cutoff points obtained in receiver operating characteristic curves. Among 112 patients with severe preeclampsia, 46 (41%) presented clinical evidence of PRES. These patients presented lower OARI (P<0.0001), higher mean blood pressure at admission (P<0.0001), higher mean blood pressure elevation after the first trimester (P<0.0001), and higher lactate dehydrogenase (P<0.0001) than those without clinical evidence of PRES. OARI presented an area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.810+/-0.039 (95% CI: 0.742 to 0.895; P<0.0001). OARI <0.56 was associated with clinical evidence of PRES, with an odds ratio of 12.67 (95% CI: 4.08 to 39.39; P<0.0001). Data suggest that OARI is a relevant biomarker of PRES in severe preeclampsia.
 ...
PMID:Ophthalmic artery-resistive index and evidence of overperfusion-related encephalopathy in severe preeclampsia. 1994 84

Pre-eclampsia affects 5 - 8% of pregnancies in the USA and 3 - 14% of pregnancies worldwide. Classically, the syndrome includes hypertension and proteinuria that may be associated with edema, headache and worsening epigastric pain. This is postulated from vasospasm and endothelial cell damage. Hyponatremia in pre-eclamptic pregnancies has been described in few cases, most of which were twin pregnancies, and four of them had nephrotic syndrome. The management of hyponatremia requires a multidisciplinary approach and significant attention, as this condition can predispose to convulsions along with pre-eclampsia, thus, endangering the life of the mother and the child. We describe a case of a patient who developed pre-eclampsia and hyponatremia in the absence of proteinuria, at 34 weeks of a twin pregnancy; there was progression to oliguria with complete remission following delivery by cesarean section.
 ...
PMID:Pre-eclampsia presenting as hyponatremia: an uncommon presentation of pre-eclampsia in a twin pregnancy - a case report and review of the literature. 1995 28

Most epidemiological studies demonstrate that women suffering from migraine note a significant improvement in their headaches during pregnancy. Both headache specialists and gynecologists commonly hold that migraine does not involve any risks to either the mother, or the fetus. Despite this, recent studies into the medical complications of pregnancy in migrainous women have cast doubts on this assumption. Indeed, most of these studies have revealed a significant association between migraine and hypertension in pregnancy (i.e. preeclampsia and gestational hypertension). Migraine has also been recently postulated as one of the major risk factors for stroke during pregnancy and the puerperium. Therefore, there is an urgent need for prospective studies on large numbers of pregnant women to determine the real existence and extent of the risks posed by migraine during pregnancy. In the meantime, while awaiting verification of this hypothesis, a pregnant woman with migraine must be subject to a particularly attentive screening by both the obstetrician and the headache specialist.
 ...
PMID:The risks of women with migraine during pregnancy. 2046 85

A nine-weeks pregnant, 27-year-old female was admitted for hypertension with a blood pressure of 213/110 mm Hg, headaches, palpitations, and anxiety. There was no previous history of hypertension or pre-eclampsia. She had elevated urinary normetanephrine, plasma-free normetanephrine, and plasma-free metanephrine concentrations. Phenoxybenzamine and labetalol were initiated for presumed pheochromocytoma. At thirteen weeks of pregnancy, a noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen failed to identify an adrenal or extra-adrenal mass. At 21-weeks gestation, an abdominal [18-F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography demonstrated an extra-adrenal lesion. The patient underwent a laparotomy during the second trimester with successful removal of a benign paraganglioma.
 ...
PMID:Use of fluorine-18-labelled deoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography to localize a paraganglioma in pregnancy. 2103 27

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a recently identified clinical and radiologic entity. The characteristic radiologic findings are bilateral gray and white matter edema in the posterior regions of the cerebral hemispheres. The typical clinical syndrome includes headache, confusion, visual symptoms, and seizures. RPLS most often occurs in the setting of hypertensive crisis, preeclampsia, or with cytotoxic immunosuppressive therapy, but many other clinical settings are described, such as cryoglobulinemia, hemolytic uremic syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and use of erythropoietin. A 24-year-old man, diagnosed as having anaphylactoid purpura nephritis at 12 years of age and who started peritoneal dialysis (PD) at 23 years of age, was admitted to our hospital with a seizure and consciousness disturbance. His blood pressure (BP) and body fluid volume had not been controlled well because of poor compliance with medication and PD. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed high signal intensity changes restricted to the cortex and subcortical white matter of the cerebellum. On the other hand, diffusion-weighted imaging showed an isointense signal. From these findings, he was diagnosed as having RPLS. With appropriate control of BP and volume control by PD and hemodialysis, his symptoms improved, and a follow-up cranial MRI 1 month later was almost normal. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of RPLS in an adult PD patient.
 ...
PMID:A case of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in a patient on peritoneal dialysis. 2107 75

We report a complication related to epidural analgesia for delivery in a 24- year-old woman who was admitted with mild pre-eclampsia and for induction of labor. At the first postpartum day she developed a postdural puncture headache, which was unresponsive to conservative measures. On the fifth day an epidural blood patch was done, and her headache subsided. Sixteen hours later she developed paralysis of the right facial nerve, which was treated with prednisone. Seven days later she complained of pain in the left arm and the posterior region of the shoulder. She was later admitted and diagnosed with partial brachial plexopathy.
 ...
PMID:Facial nerve paralysis and partial brachial plexopathy after epidural blood patch: a case report and review of the literature. 2138 53

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a rare neurologic condition characterised by specific clinical and radiologic findings. It usually manifests subacutely as insidious onset of headache, visual disturbance, altered consciousness and seizures in association with MRI findings of posterior white matter vasogenic oedema. RPLS has been reported in a wide variety of clinical settings. Hypertension, eclampsia, pre-eclampsia, renal impairment, autoimmune conditions and cytotoxic drugs are all cited as aetiologic variables. RPLS, albeit rare, is an important entity for physicians to be aware of as early recognition, and prompt intervention is critical to ensure resolution of the neurological deficit. We describe the case of a 69-year-old lady who collapsed with seizure activity after receiving carboplatin and etoposide chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer. In our opinion, the clinical and radiological courses are typical of RPLS. RPLS has rarely been reported secondary to this chemotherapy regimen, and the purpose of this report is to add to the literature and highlight the association between RPLS and cytotoxic chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy induced by carboplatin and etoposide. 2139 May 16

Among primary headaches, migraine is the form more sensitive to the ovarian hormonal milieu. Migraine without aura (MO) benefits from the hyperestrogenic state of pregnancy and the lack of hormonal fluctuations, while migraine with aura (MA) presents distinctive features. Indeed, a very strong improvement of MO has been documented across gestation, and only a minority of pregnant women still suffers during the third trimester. On the other hand, fewer women with MA report improvement or remission, and new onset of aura may be observed during pregnancy. After delivery, breastfeeding exerts a protective action on migraine recurrence. The persistence of migraine during gestation seems to affect neonatal outcomes, and several studies indicate a link between migraine and an increased risk of developing gestational hypertension/preeclampsia and other vascular complications.
Curr Pain Headache Rep 2011 Aug
PMID:Headaches during pregnancy. 2146 13

Cesarean delivery has become a commonly used measure for delivery of the fetus. In the recent years incidence of Cesarean section (CS) has increased dramatically with massive pubic interest. It is called Primary Cesarean section when it is performed for the first time on a pregnant woman. This is a cross sectional study conducted on primary cesarean section from January to December 2004 in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Hospital, Dhaka. A total of 100 cases were selected for the study. The major findings of the study were as follows: Overall cesarean section rate was 57.87 percent and among them 74.34 percent were primary cesarean section. The median age group of patients being operated was 20 to 25 years. Most of the operations were carried out on primigravid patient due to various indications. The main indications were fetal distress (35%), pre-eclampsia (14%) and cervical dystocia (12%). The rate of emergency Cesarean section rate was 70% while elective Cesarean section was 30%. Most of the Cesarean section was performed under spinal anesthesia (96%). Maternal morbidity was 20%. Among those, post-operative infections (45%) and UTI (25%) were the most common. The less common complications were Post Partum Haemorrhage (PPH), puerperal-pyrexia, urinary bladder injury and spinal headache. 88% of the babies were born with good APGAR score (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration). Perinatal mortality was found to be 4%. The death cases were severe perinatal asphyxia, very LBW (Low Birth Weight) and stillborn. Most of the patients (69%) were discharged from hospital within 8 days of operation.
 ...
PMID:Study on primary cesarean section. 2152 3

Reversible, predominant posterior leucoencephalopathy may develop in patient with preeclampsia, eclampsia or delayed PPE. Its clinicoradiological diagnosis is characterized by clinical findings of headache, visual perception defect, altered mental status, and seizures, in conjunction with radiological findings of posterior cerebral whitematter edema/hypodensities.
 ...
PMID:A rare cause of visual defect in a postpartum woman. 2212 15


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>