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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

MMPI personality profiles were obtained from three clinical groups (n = 79). One group consisted of men and women with chronic muscle pain (MP; n = 34), a second group of male and female chronic tension headache patients (TH; n = 12), and a third group of female migraine patients (M; n = 33). The M group was subdivided on the basis of source of referral and into groups of classic versus common migraine. Elevation of the MMPI subscales usually interpreted as neuroticism scales were found in all groups. A "psychosomatic V" pattern was found on these scales in the M group but not in female TH patients. The difference in scale configuration between groups was caused primarily by different elevations on the depression scale. A relationship between severity of headache and elevation of the "psychosomatic V" was found in migraine patients. Male MP and TH patients showed a descending slope on the neuroticism scales, not observed in females. There was a tendency for common migraine patients to show a more elevated and psychosomatic configuration on the MMPI, as compared with classic migraine patients.
Cephalalgia 1987 Mar
PMID:MMPI patterns in chronic muscle pain, tension headache, and migraine. 358 Nov 61

A survey of the psychological characteristics of a large sample of chronic headache cases (n = 360), including classical and common migraine and tension headache sufferers, was carried out. Comparing groups defined in terms of the chronicity of their headache problems, it was found that those with a longer history of headache had a higher level of behavioural disruption and a stronger bond between pain experience, and both complaint levels and behavioural avoidance patterns. Despite the common somatic components (sleep disturbance, fatigue, irritability, etc.), depression was not found to be elevated in this chronic pain group. In addition, there was no evidence of depression levels being higher in the populations who had had a longer history of headache problems. Higher levels of complaint were found in those with higher depression and higher extroversion and neuroticism scores. Behavioural avoidance was significantly related to the emotional reaction component of pain. The implications of these findings with respect to the development of chronic headache are discussed.
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PMID:The effects of persistent pain: the chronic headache sufferer. 398 40

Data is reviewed on premenstrual symptoms which have been related to high suicide and accident rates, employment absentee rates, poor academic performance and acute psychiatric problems. A recent study of healthy young women indicated that 39% had troublesome premenstrual symptoms, 54% passed clots in their menses, 70% had cyclical localized acneiform eruptions and only 17% failed to experience menstrual pain. Common menstrual disorders are classified as either dysmenorrhea or the premenstrual syndrome. Symptoms for the latter usually begin 2-12 days prior to menstruation and include nervous tension, irritability, anxiety, depression, bloated breasts and abdomen, swollen fingers and legs, headaches, dizziness, occasional hypersomia, excessive thirst and appetite. Some women may display an increased susceptibility to migraine, vasomotor rhinitis, asthma, urticaria and epilepsy. Symptoms are usually relieved with the onset of menses. While a definitive etiological theory remains to be substantiated, symptomatic relief has been reported with salt and water restriction and simple diuretics used 7 to 10 days premenstrually. Diazapam or chlordiazepoxide treatment is recommended before oral contraceptive therapy. The premenstrual syndrome may persist after menopause, is unaffected by parity, and sufferers score highly on neuroticism tests. Primary or spasmodic dysmenorrhea occurs in young women, tends to decline with age and parity and has no correlation with premenstrual symptoms or neuroticism. Spasmodic or colicky pain begins and is most severe on the first day of menstruation and may continue for 2-3 days. Treatment of dysmenorrhea with psychotropic drugs or narcotics is discouraged due to the risk of dependence and abuse. Temporary relief for disabling pain may be obtained with oral contraceptives containing synthetic estrogen and progestogen but the inherent risks should be acknowledged. Both disorders have been correlated to menstrual irregularity. Amenorrhea in many women may be precipitated by simple psychological events such as leaving home, while severely stressful events produce a higher incidence. Unless a physiological factor such as malnutrition is operating, menses usually recur spontaneously within a few months. Amenorrhea is a constant feature of anorexia nervosa and may precede related attitudes toward eating and body weight. This syndrome is best regarded as a chronic and often severe neurotic disorder requiring combined physiological and psychological treatment, although some evidence exists to indicate an endocrine disorder. Extensive basic research is needed on the complex relationship between the neuroendocrine system and emotion.
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PMID:Premenstrual symptoms. 473 36

In a brief view there are described experimental results obtained from starving animals and teratogenous influences of the deficiency disease. By reference to a model group of 60 children there are depicted the complex influences of the deficiency disease and stresses of war. Two subgroups are described clinically, explaining the various pathogenesis. Children born under conditions of war and persecution or living under such conditions during childhood--41 persons. Children who after the war were born into families of previously persecuted people--19 persons. Neurotic conditions accompanied by anxiety, headache, disturbance of memory, tendency to fits, and excitability are common to both of these groups. The differences manifest themselves in the percentage of tiredness, sleeplessness, and depression, which occur much more frequently in the first group, while bodily weakness, ailments characterized by the occurrence of fits, perinatal encephalopathies with pyramidal disorders are more often observed in the second group. Lack of adaptability, especially in the first postwar years in the first group, could be remedied in the majority of cases, although it was possible here, too, to observe symptoms of premature senility. These cases showed not only hypertension (26.8 per cent), but also roentgenologically demonstrable arteriosclerotic changes. The higher percentage and statistically significant difference in the occurrence of anxiety and depression as compared with the percentage of neuroses in the average population as well as the frequent occurrence of perinatal encephalopathies and ailments characterized by fits show the serious degree to which the consequences of war still manifest themselves in children after many years.
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PMID:[Effect of hunger on the development of the child]. 500 79

Depression, headaches, and libido were rated in 272 women before starting a contraceptive method and at intervals during the first year of use-54 were fitted with an intrauterine device (I.U.D.) and 218 used one of three oral contraceptives. Side effects caused 25% of the oral contraceptive group and 13% of the I.U.D. group to stop the method. Depression, headaches, and loss of libido were the most common reasons for stopping oral contraceptives and breakthrough bleeding was the most common reason for stopping the I.U.D.The group of women who stopped or changed their oral contraceptives during the survey were compared with the group who remained on the same oral contraceptive throughout. The former had higher mean depression and neuroticism scores at the first clinic visit and contained more women with a history of premenstrual weepiness, depression during pregnancy, outpatient psychiatric treatment, and treatment with antidepressants. Changes in the depression, headache, and libido ratings throughout the survey are presented.
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PMID:Oral contraceptives, depression, and libido. 556 16

The use of the drug grandaxin (made in Hungary) has demonstrated its high activity in the treatment of psychopathological disturbances of neurotic origin. Its administration is preferable when vegetative and hyposthenic disturbances are prevalent in the neurosis clinical picture. At the same time it alleviates the intensity of phobic and senestho-hypochondriacal experiences, however, its administration as the sole means for eliminating these disturbances seems undesirable. Neither can grandaxin be the drug of choice in controlling anxious and agrypnic disturbances. Psychogenic somatic syndromes have also appeared to be insensitive to the treatment with this drug. The side-effects produced by grandaxin are mild. The most persistent are nausea and headaches which develop in patients receiving high doses and subside in most cases spontaneously on reduction of the latter. No complications were noted.
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PMID:[Experience with the therapeutic use of grandaxin in neuroses]. 612 72

45 patients suffering from severe chronic intermittent headaches were divided into 3 groups matched for sex, and assigned to a double-blind 5-week cross-over design with 3 X 1 g/d metamizole--a mild analgesic of the pyrazolone type--a placebo, or a no-treatment control condition. For each of the 6 sessions (t0-t5) signal detection theory parameters d' and log beta for assessment of electrical pain perception and headache ratings on the preceding treatment period were obtained. At t0 all patients were examined via a personality inventory. There were no significant drug effects on headache and signal detection theory parameters, but a clear decrease of the discrimination index d' and of clinical pain over time, regardless of the mode of treatment. No relationship between pathological and experimentally induced pain could be demonstrated. There was no significant negative correlation between response bias of judgement of stimulus intensity (log beta) and neuroticism.
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PMID:Placebo application, personality, and headaches: a signal detection theory analysis of experimentally induced pain in comparison to clinical pain. 637 36

In general, this literature review indicates that epsilon-caprolactam has a relatively low toxicity to humans. This low-degree of toxicity is attributable in part to its rapid elimination as demonstrated by experimental studies on animals. Human studies are mostly those based on workers in Russian factories. Although reporting physicians attributed such symptoms as general weakness, irritability, headaches, and insomnia, and such diagnoses as neurosis, neurasthenia, rapid mood shifts as well as others to excessive caprolactam exposures, the widely recognized Russian national scourge of alcoholism, particularly among working populations was not considered as a possible factor. Some of the reports recognized the complicating existence of multiple exposures in the factories such as excessively high temperatures and humidity, high noise levels, and other chemicals - including mixtures of diphenyl and diphenyl oxide, cyclohexane, benzene, and others, but most reports gave scant or no consideration to them.
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PMID:Biologic activity of epsilon-caprolactam. 638 41

Agarose isoelectric focusing was used to demonstrate oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum from 998 consecutive neurological patients. Compared with agarose electrophoresis, agarose isoelectric focusing was slightly more sensitive, showing more (and more easily discernible) oligoclonal bands. Agarose isoelectric focusing, which has good reproducibility, revealed oligoclonal bands in CSF in 95% of 43 patients with multiple sclerosis, 44% of 39 with aseptic meningoencephalitis, and 14% of 906 with other neurological diseases. Interestingly, oligoclonal bands were found in CSF from 12% of 162 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 23% of 53 with polyneuropathy, and also in 29% of 17 with dementia, while only 4% of 206 patients with headache, vertigo, or psychoneurosis had this CSF abnormality. We recommend this procedure for the routine examination of paired CSF and serum specimens for the presence of oligoclonal bands.
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PMID:Utility of isoelectric focusing of cerebrospinal fluid and serum on agarose evaluated for neurological patients. 683 58

After a 2 1/2 week baseline period 18 muscle tension headache patients were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: waiting list, formal EMG-feedback training, combined training of EMG-feedback and progressive relaxation. Patients in the two treatment conditions obtained 12 training sessions and returned 3 months after treatment for a follow-up session. Both treatment conditions were equivalent in their effect on EMG of m. frontalis and on headache scores, against stability for waiting list patients as observed in a separate analysis. Changes over treatment in both parameters were significantly correlated. Among changes in headache subparameters, the only significant correlation with changes in frontalis EMG was found for duration of pain. In both treatment conditions a generalizing effect to neck muscles was observed. Among personality variables decreases were found in neuroticism and somatization at follow-up for the combined training conditions, whereas the EMG-feedback alone condition remained unaltered. The combined training condition also proved superior in reducing operant pain behavior.
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PMID:Differential effectiveness of EMG-feedback versus combined EMG-feedback and relaxation instructions in the treatment of tension headache. 688 78


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