Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cases of meningoencephalitis caused by the West Nile virus in young people are described. All patients had high fever, severe headaches, and meningeal irritation. One patient had papillitis and a maculopapular rash. Lymphadenopathy, which is a common finding in West Nile fever, was not found in any of our patients. Duration of the disease was one to two weeks, and recovery was complete. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed an increase in protein and pleocytosis (predominantly polymorphonuclears). We believe that West Nile encephalitis is not rare in Israel.
 ...
PMID:West Nile fever encephalitis. 627 25

During 1980 and 1981, we compared antibiotic regimens in 108 adult patients with early Lyme disease. Erythema chronicum migrans and its associated symptoms resolved faster in penicillin- or tetracycline-treated patients than in those given erythromycin (mean duration, 5.4 and 5.7 versus 9.2 days, F = 3.38, p less than 0.05). None of 39 patients given tetracycline developed major late complications (meningoencephalitis, myocarditis, or recurrent attacks of arthritis) compared with 3 of 40 penicillin-treated patients and 4 of 29 given erythromycin (chi square with 2 degrees of freedom = 5.33, p = 0.07). In 1982, all 49 adult patients were given tetracycline; again, none of them developed major complications. However, with all three antibiotic agents nearly half of the patients had minor late symptoms such as headache, musculoskeletal pain, and lethargy. These complications correlated significantly with the initial severity of illness. For patients with early Lyme disease, tetracycline appears to be the most effective drug, then penicillin, and finally erythromycin.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of the early manifestations of Lyme disease. 640 78

Primary meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri was documented in a 16-year-old male from Mexicali in the state of Baja California in Mexico. In August 1978, seven days after sustaining moderate head trauma while swimming in a shallow, stagnant irrigation ditch on a hot summer day, the patient presented an acute illness with severe headache, fever and convulsions rapidly progressing into a comatose state. Actively moving trophozoites were observed in the spinal fluid on admission. The patient died shortly after admission to hospital on the third day of symptoms. Post-mortem examination revealed a meningoencephalitis with extensive destruction, haemorrhage and numerous parasites involving structures of the posterior fossa. Immunoperoxidase strains of trophozoites in meningeal and cerebellar tissue were positive for N. fowleri KUL and negative for N. gruberi, N. australiensis and Acanthamoeba rhysodes. This appears to be the first documented case of the disease in Mexico.
 ...
PMID:Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in a young male from northwestern Mexico. 648 64

A case of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria, from Sisaket province of Thailand is first reported. A 5-year old Thai with boy a history of swimming in a pond along a rice field before the onset of this illness, was admitted to the provincial hospital for chief complaints of headache, high fever, vomiting and drowsiness for 4 days. On admission he had convulsions and became comatosed with signs of meningeal irritation. The cerebrospinal fluid was similar to pyogenic meningitis but numerous amoebae were found and identified as Naegleria sp. Unfortunately, specific treatment was not administered promptly, the patient died 3 days after admission.
 ...
PMID:Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis: a first reported case in Thailand. 667 29

Agarose isoelectric focusing was used to demonstrate oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum from 998 consecutive neurological patients. Compared with agarose electrophoresis, agarose isoelectric focusing was slightly more sensitive, showing more (and more easily discernible) oligoclonal bands. Agarose isoelectric focusing, which has good reproducibility, revealed oligoclonal bands in CSF in 95% of 43 patients with multiple sclerosis, 44% of 39 with aseptic meningoencephalitis, and 14% of 906 with other neurological diseases. Interestingly, oligoclonal bands were found in CSF from 12% of 162 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 23% of 53 with polyneuropathy, and also in 29% of 17 with dementia, while only 4% of 206 patients with headache, vertigo, or psychoneurosis had this CSF abnormality. We recommend this procedure for the routine examination of paired CSF and serum specimens for the presence of oligoclonal bands.
 ...
PMID:Utility of isoelectric focusing of cerebrospinal fluid and serum on agarose evaluated for neurological patients. 683 58

39 adult patients suffering from aseptic meningoencephalitis were admitted to hospital during April-December 1976 and were divided into 2 groups, according to birth date. One group (n = 24) was treated with bed rest in the febrile stage and recommended to avoid for some weeks activities that promote headache. The other group (n = 15) was encouraged to resume daily life as soon as possible. No pertinent difference was found between the groups in admission. The patients were followed for 9 months by questionnaires and registration of sick leave. The average number of days away from work was 32 in the "restrictive" and 15 in the "liberal" group. No untoward effects were found from a shorter sick leave and a rapid resumption of normal physical activity.
 ...
PMID:Aseptic meningoencephalitis in adults: liberal or restrictive treatment? 719 88

In a prospective study of 42 cases of childhood meningoencephalitis occurring in 1974 and 1975, a diagnosis of an infectious agent was made in 30 (71%). California virus infections were most common; they were serious illnesses but had few sequelae. Benign illnesses with enteroviruses were also common. Miscellaneous and unknown agents accounted for the most seriously ill patients and for both deaths. Persistent neurologic deficits were unusual. Headaches, malaise, and changes in behavior were common but transient.
 ...
PMID:Etiology and outcome in 42 children with acute nonbacterial meningoencephalitis. 735 53

The patient was a 35-year-old man with confusional state and headache. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed 1,383/mm3 cell count, the protein level of 300mg/dl and glucose level of 42 mg/dl. Cryptococcus neoformans was disclosed by India ink preparation. The cryptococcal antigen test was positive at 1:125 by latex agglutination. The diagnosis of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis was determined. Antifungal treatment with amphotericin B resulted in improvement of neurologic signs, CSF findings and cryptococcal antigen test. But two months later, brain MRI demonstrated low intensity areas on T1 weighted image and high intensity areas on T2 and proton weighted images in the cerebral cortical region. Gd-DTPA MRI showed enhanced areas in the cerebral leptomeninges. It was considered that these MRI lesions corresponded to pseudocysts and Gd-DTPA enhanced lesion indicated dilated vessels or destructed blood-brain barrier. After administration of larger doses of amphotericin B, these lesions on MRI disappeared. It is suggested that brain MRI is useful in diagnosis of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis to detect pseudocysts at the cortical region which may imply the early stage of procrastinating process.
 ...
PMID:[A case of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis with the cerebral superficial cystic lesions detected on magnetic resonance imagings]. 761 62

Rocky Mountain spotted fever occurs during seasonal tick activity. A history of exposure to tick-containing habitats within the 3- to 12-day incubation period is a key epidemiological factor. The signs of fever, headache, myalgia, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia at onset of infection are difficult to distinguish from those of self-limited viral infections. Rash usually appears later and, if present, progresses through a sequence of stages and distribution that are never pathognomonic. The effects of disseminated Rickettsia rickettsii infection of endothelial cells include increased vascular permeability, edema, hypovolemia, hypotension, prerenal azotemia, and, in life-threatening cases, pulmonary edema, shock, acute tubular necrosis, and meningoencephalitis. In severe cases, fluid management is a challenge. The clinical diagnosis, which is difficult, is rarely assisted by laboratory findings because antibodies are usually detected only in convalescence, and immunohistologic methods for detection of rickettsiae are unavailable in most clinics. Doxycycline is the treatment of choice except for pregnant or allergic patients, who are treated with chloramphenicol.
 ...
PMID:Rocky Mountain spotted fever: a seasonal alert. 761 84

A 71-year-old man who presented with toxoplasmic chorioretinitis and meningoencephalitis is reported. He had been healthy and immunologically normal. Initially, he complained of blurring of vision without headache, nor fever. Neurological examinations revealed papilledema, nuchal rigidity, and disorientation. Fluorescent angiography of the ocular fundi disclosed hyperfluorescent leaks suggesting chrioretinitis. His EEG had dysrhythmic slow alpha wave with some theta slowing. CSF studies showed pleocytosis up to 80/mm3; the cells were predominantly lymphocytes. The titers of toxoplasma antibody in the serum and CSF were prominently increased. Toxoplasmosis was highly suspected and he was treated with predinsolone, acetylspiramycin, and pyrimethamine. After the treatment, ophthalmologic and neurological symptoms improved, and the laboratory findings including the titers of toxoplasma antibody in the serum and CSF were also improved. Recently, toxoplasmosis associated with neurological complications as an opportunistic infection is a serious problem in the immunocompromised hosts, especially in AIDS, but this infection is rare in immunologically normal adults. Our case and some other reports may suggest a chance of developing toxoplasmic meningoencephalitis even in healthy individuals. We have to think of the possibility of toxoplasmosis in the immunocompetent hosts when they are presenting with chorioretinitis and meningoencephalitis.
 ...
PMID:[A case of toxoplasmic chorioretinitis and meningoencephalitis in an immunocompetent adult]. 766 31


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>