Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical features, investigative profiles and outcome of 46 patients with biopsy or autopsy-proven herpes simplex encephalitis admitted to the Institute of Neurological Sciences, Glasgow between 1962 and 1985 were analysed retrospectively. The protean presenting symptoms and signs included a history of a prodromal influenza-like illness (48 per cent), rapid onset of headache, clouding of consciousness and confusion (52 per cent), meningism (65 per cent), raised intracranial pressure (33 per cent), deep coma (35 per cent), mutism or aphasia (46 per cent), focal neurological signs (89 per cent), and seizures (61 per cent). When seizures occurred they were almost always focal. The electroencephalogram was the most useful diagnostic test being abnormal in all cases, the majority showing focal changes in one or other hemisphere. Of the neuroradiological procedures employed, computerized tomographic and isotope brain scanning most frequently demonstrated localizing abnormalities in one or both temporal and/or frontal lobes. Midline shift was seen in half the cases. The cerebrospinal fluid was abnormal in every case but was not diagnostic. Cerebral biopsy of one temporal lobe was performed in 40 cases and a positive diagnosis of acute necrotizing encephalitis was made in 37 of these. Herpes simplex virus was isolated from the brains of 29 of the 40 cases in which the procedure was attempted, but immunofluorescence assays for antigens to herpes simplex virus were only positive in 11 out of 25 cases. Serological assays showed a greater than four-fold rise in the anti-herpes simplex virus antibody titre in 13 out of 22 patients tested.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:A retrospective analysis of forty-six cases of herpes simplex encephalitis seen in Glasgow between 1962 and 1985. 325 5

This study examined daily stress processes among 75 married couples across 20 assessments during a 6-month period. The somatic and psychological effects of common everyday hassles were investigated. Overall, there was a significant relationship between daily stress and the occurrence of both concurrent and subsequent health problems such as flu, sore throat, headaches, and backaches. The relationship of daily stress to mood disturbance was more complex. The negative effects of stress on mood were limited to a single day, with the following day characterized by mood scores that were better than usual. Furthermore, striking individual differences were found in the extent to which daily stress was associated with health and mood across time. Participants with unsupportive social relationships and low self-esteem were more likely to experience an increase in psychological and somatic problems both on and following stressful days than were participants high in self-esteem and social support. These data suggest that persons with low psychosocial resources are vulnerable to illness and mood disturbance when their stress levels increase, even if they generally have little stress in their lives.
 ...
PMID:The impact of daily stress on health and mood: psychological and social resources as mediators. 336 20

Consensus interferon (r-metHuIFN-Con1) is the product of a gene constructed to code for the most frequent amino acid residues known to occur in subspecies of alpha interferons. Twenty-one patients with advanced malignancy entered this phase I trial with dosing levels of 3, 7.5, 15, 30, and 45 mcg/m2/day given intramuscularly on days 1-5 and 8-10 of each 28-day cycle. The initial dose was randomly given by intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous injection to facilitate pharmacokinetic studies. Vomiting and diarrhea were dose-limiting at 45 mcg/m2/day, preventing completion of therapy. Malaise, flu-like symptoms, nausea, and headache were frequent but tolerable at a dose of 30 mcg/m2/day. Patients were able to escalate to 45 mg/m2/day, suggesting tachyphlaxis to these toxicities. The initial distribution phase (T1/2 alpha) was 4.9-9.0 minutes with a T1/2 beta of 34-415 minutes in three patients for whom sequential values could be determined. r-MetHuIFN-Con1 was absorbed after both subcutaneous and intramuscular administration. 2'5'-Synthetase levels increased following treatment, although no consistent pattern was noted. One partial response was seen in a patient with gastrointestinal carcinoma. The recommended phase II starting dose of r-metHuIFN-Con1 is 30 mg/m2/day using this schedule by any of these routes of administration.
 ...
PMID:Phase I study of recombinant methionyl human consensus interferon (r-metHuIFN-Con1). 339 52

Fever and other constitutional effects of influenza (headache, myalgia, listlessness, nausea, shivering, anorexia and depression) result from liberation of endogenous pyrogen (EP) from phagocytes. These effects are milder for recent H1N1 influenza virus isolates than for H3N2 strains. Interaction with human peripheral blood leucocytes in vitro showed that H1N1 strains, A/USSR/90/77 and A/Fiji/15899/83, elicited significantly less EP (as assessed by the rabbit pyrogen assay) than two virulent clones, 7a and 64c, of the A/Puerto Rico/8/34-A/England/939/69 (H3N2) reassortant virus system. Similar observations were made with UV-inactivated A/Fiji/15899/69 and clone 64c. These results are in accord with the differential severity of fever produced by these strains in ferrets when intranasally infected or intracardially inoculated with live and inactivated viruses. They show that influenza virus strains differ in capacity to induce EP from phagocytes. Furthermore, the observations with inactivated virus show that certain virion components are pyrogenic and differ in quantity or nature between strains. These results are important in relation to the differential severity of influenza epidemics and the reactogenicity of vaccine strains.
 ...
PMID:Differential production of endogenous pyrogen by human peripheral blood leucocytes following interaction with H3N2 or H1N1 influenza viruses of differing virulence. 350 18

Subacute carbon monoxide poisoning is commonly misdiagnosed as an influenza-like viral illness. All patients presenting to the triage nurse at University Hospital with flu-like symptoms during February 1985 were asked to give blood samples for carboxyhemoglobin determination. Fifty-five patients (10% of those eligible) with headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, general malaise, or shortness of breath were enrolled in the study. Carboxyhemoglobin levels ranged from 0 to 21%. Thirteen patients (23.6%) of this self-selected subgroup had carboxyhemoglobin levels greater than or equal to 10%. There was no statistically significant difference in carboxyhemoglobin levels between smokers and nonsmokers. More patients using wood heat had elevated carboxyhemoglobin levels than patients using any other form of heating (P less than .05). No patient with a carboxyhemoglobin level greater than or equal to 10% was diagnosed as having subacute CO poisoning by emergency physicians. Physicians must seek out the possibility of CO toxicity in patients with flu-like illness, particularly in inner-city populations during the heating months. Fundoscopy and COHb levels may be useful in selected cases to correctly diagnose patients and avoid a return to a hazardous environment with potentially fatal consequences.
 ...
PMID:Carboxyhemoglobin levels in patients with flu-like symptoms. 359 33

In 1982, an epidemic of acute trichinosis occurred in Bitburg with 402 cases. The acute stage was observed and documented in 193 patients. The first signs of the disease appeared on average 17 days after eating trichina-containing meat. Muscle pain was reported by 85% of patients, lid and/or facial edema by 83%, gastrointestinal complaints by 62%, fever by 60%, flu-like symptoms by 56%, headache by 26%, eye complaints by 19%. Eosinophils were present in the blood of 92%. Trichinella antibodies were demonstrated in 98% of patients examined for them. Interstitial myositis was found in 90% of muscle biopsies (from 162 patients). Serious complications--thrombosis, myocarditis, pneumonia, hepatitis or meningism--occurred in 26 (13.5%) of the 193 patients. Even six months after onset of the disease 43% of patients were still not free of symptoms.
 ...
PMID:[Acute trichinosis. 193 cases in an epidemic]. 367 92

A community-based malaria control programme was initiated in Saradidi, Kenya. One factor determining the utilization of treatment would be the symptoms felt to be diagnostic of malaria. The 12 most common diseases and 29 most common symptoms were identified by community members. Thirty-six randomly selected women were interviewed to determine association of the common diseases and symptoms; nine women were aged 15 to 29 years, nine women were 30 to 40 years, nine were 45 to 59 years and nine were 60 years or more. Women 60 years and older recognized a higher proportion of the diseases (P less than 0.0005) when compared with the other women of other ages. More than 90% of the women associated headache, fever, vomiting, joint pain, loss of appetite, tiredness and death with malaria. Measles and influenza were distinguished from malaria by rash and mouth ulcer for measles and by 'runny nose' and 'sneezing' for influenza. Analysis by average linkage hierarchical clusters revealed that malaria, influenza and measles were distinguished readily. The results suggest that if people in Saradidi do not obtain treatment from community health workers, it is not because they do not recognize the clinical symptoms of malaria.
 ...
PMID:Symptoms associated with common diseases in Saradidi, Kenya. 368 33

25 cases (14 adults, 11 neonates) of Listeria monocytogenes infection were observed during a 15-month period (1983/1984) at the University Medical Center (CHUV) in Lausanne (Switzerland), in contrast to a mean of only 3 cases per year during the period 1974-1982. Eleven of 14 adults had neuromeningeal disease (3 meningitis, 7 meningoencephalitis, 1 encephalitis), and 3 patients had septicemia, two of whom were pregnant women. Among 8 adults with CNS parenchymal infection, 6 had involvement of the brainstem (rhombencephalitis), none of whom had an underlying disease characteristically predisposing to L. monocytogenes infection. Prominent clinical features in all patients with neuromeningeal disease included altered consciousness, headache and fever, and in 7 out of 8 patients with parenchymal CNS involvement an influenza-like illness was present prior to the development of neurological symptoms. Among the neuromeningeal cases the mortality rate was 45% (5 of 11), and 4 out of 6 survivors had severe neurological sequelae. During this 15-month period L. monocytogenes had become the leading cause of adult bacterial meningitis in this hospital. This is the first report on epidemic listeriosis in Switzerland, although sporadic cases have been described for 20 years. In contrast to previous years, analysis of the seasonal variation of the cases shows a peak of L. monocytogenes infections during the winter months of 1983/84. The high incidence of human listeriosis was not associated with an increase in animal cases. The human cases were uniformly distributed over the area, apparently in relation to population density.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Epidemic listeriosis. Report of 25 cases in 15 months at the Vaud University Hospital Center]. 391 44

A clinical Phase I study of recombinant human interferon alpha A (Ro 22-8181) was performed in patients with malignant tumors; twenty of them received an American product and seven others a domestic product. Both products were administered in single intramuscularly injected doses of 18, 36, 50, 75 and 100 X 10(6)U. Main side effects included fever and influenza-like symptoms (headache, chill/shivering, general fatigue, lumbago), and digestive symptoms (anorexia, nausea/vomiting). Numbness of fingers or limbs and somnolence were also observed in higher dose groups, but these symptoms all disappeared on the day of administration or by the 3rd day after administration. Abnormal laboratory findings included leukopenia, granulocytopenia, lymphocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and increased GOT/GPT/LDH, but these returned to normal by the 10th day after administration. The peak blood concentration was correlated with the dose, falling to the base line 72 hr after administration. The American product and the domestic product were nearly comparable in the type and incidence of their side effects, and also produced generally comparable blood concentrations. Furthermore, increased anti-IFN-alpha antibody titer was not observed in any of the patients; and the Prick Test proved negative in all of them. No significant changes were observed in any immunological parameters, either.
 ...
PMID:[Phase I study of recombinant human interferon alpha A (Ro 22-8181) in patients with malignant tumors]. 400 81

An epidemic of influenza A occurred in the Niue population during May-June 1983. The infection was introduced by two index cases returning from New Zealand to the village of Makefu. The epidemic started in this village and then spread rapidly around the island. The incidence of infection was calculated to be 41 per 100 population based on 1981 census figures. There was no predilection for the infection to affect any particular age bracket, although the elderly were over-represented amongst the hospital admissions because of greater severity of illness in this age group. Two deaths occurred, and 3.4% of cases received treatment in hospital. Apart from generalised symptoms (fever, body pain, and headache), respiratory symptoms, particularly cough, were prominent. Gastrointestinal symptoms were reported in a minority. The average duration of illness was 6 days. Virology results indicated that the epidemic was due to influenza A/Bangkok/1/79(H3N3). Paired serological studies also revealed five cases of dengue fever. Previous records reveal that epidemics of influenza are a frequent occurrence in Niue, although not a major cause of mortality since the 1950s. It is suggested that early treatment of complications is the most important measure to decrease the impact of influenza and that measures such as isolation of cases, restriction of population movement and quarantine of incoming cases may be useful to prevent the propagation of epidemics in a small and isolated population.
 ...
PMID:An epidemic of influenza in the population of Niue. 400 48


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>