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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An outbreak of epidemic hysteria, in which 210 students at a North Carolina elementary school became ill and 102 were evaluated in hospital emergency departments, is described in terms of an outbreak of infectious disease. The outbreak began when a radiator boiler was fired for the first time in the 1985-1986 school year. The most common symptoms were headache, light-headedness, abdominal pain, and nausea; anxiety was later proposed to be the agent of illness. The outbreak appeared to have propagated by friend-to-friend transmission of anxiety within social (grade, race, and sex) cohorts, and by other audiovisual cues in the absence of person-to-person contact. An environmental survey found no plausible toxic or infectious cause of the outbreak. Separation of vectors and susceptible hosts preceded recovery from the outbreak, and reassurance and discussion of the findings of the investigating team with students, teachers, and parents may have prevented the recurrence of symptoms by alleviating anxiety.
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PMID:Patterns of transmission of epidemic hysteria in a school. 208 Dec 51

A retrospective study of children presenting with pain to the Child Guidance Clinic, during 1984-85 revealed 101 cases of hysteria and 22 of psychalgia. Children in these two groups did not differ significantly with respect to sex, age, education or occupation of parent. Children with psychalgia presented significantly later, and more frequently complained of headaches and abdominal pain. Children with hysteria presented with seizures, abdominal pain and anxiety symptoms. Pain can be of psychological origin also. Early diagnosis is essential to avoid unnecessary investigations and reinforcement of the "sick role".
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PMID:A clinical analysis of hysteria and psychalgia. 275 53

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that duration of illness is correlated with neurotic personality traits. Four hundred and eighteen patients with migraine, tension, and mixed headaches were studied. The MMPI was used to evaluate the patients' personality characteristics. Scales employed were: scale 1--hypochondriasis, scale 2--depression, scale 3--hysteria, and scale 7--psychasthenia. The MMPI scale scores were analysed with regard to sex, diagnosis, and duration of illness. Patients with mixed headaches showed significantly more elevated scores on the MMPI scales than those suffering from migraine and tension headaches. No correlation was found between any of the MMPI scale scores and the duration of illness. No interaction was found between duration of illness and the diagnostic categories of headache in determining the MMPI neurotic scale scores. It is hypothesized that the higher MMPI scores found in patients with mixed headache is characteristic of these patients.
Cephalalgia 1989 Sep
PMID:Neurotic traits and disease duration in headache patients. 279 Sep 47

One hundred patients, aged between 60 and 92 years, were treated with tiapride for neurological disorders (abnormal movements, buccofacial dyskinesias, dopa therapy complications, ballism, eyelid tics, senile tremor, post-traumatic headache, delirium tremens), psychiatric disorders with more or less marked agitation and of various types (hysteria, depression, mood disturbances, hypochondria, delusions, hallucinations), or for mental deficiency, senile dementia, or arteriopathic dementia. Results were excellent, being satisfactory in 70 p. cent, and even more marked in some groups. Tolerance was very good, with some rare cases of somnolence. The efficacy and safety of tiapride makes it of particular value for treating neuropsychiatric disorders in geriatric patients.
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PMID:[Tiapride in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders in the elderly (author's transl)]. 627 32

The epidemiological and clinical profile of Chronic Post-Traumatic Headache (CPTH) has been studied in 57 out of 130 consecutive patients hospitalized, following closed head injuries, at the Institute of Neurosurgery of the University of Milan. The incidence of CPTH has been 44%. Age of the patients ranged between 4 and 69 years. Clinical pictures included closed head injuries of different degree of severity: mild, moderate and severe. Time of onset, headache frequency, character, intensity, duration and associated symptoms showed a great degree of variability. However, chronic muscle contraction headache was the commonest clinical syndrome followed by migraine. Moderate correlations have been found between the severity of CPTH disturbance of consciousness, following the head trauma, and positive findings at CT scan. Moreover the comparison of personality profiles (MMPI) of CPTH (n=26) with a post-traumatic control group, without headache (n=17) showed higher scores on hypocondriasis, depression, hysteria and schizophrenia scales only in the severe CPTH group. Age of the patients, duration of unconsciousness, neurological deficits, course length and pending litigation or compensations were unrelated to the occurrence and outcome of CPTH. These findings suggest the importance of both physical and psychological determinants (social or emotional maladjustment) in the pathogenesis of CPTH.
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PMID:Chronic post-traumatic headache: clinical, psychopathological features and outcome determinants. 666 50

Stress situations are present in a developing country, and a few of the common problems usually seen by a GP are briefly described. Causes of emotional stress include: (a) interpersonal differences between family members, neighbours, etc.; (b) differences with ancestral spirits; (c) going against accepted traditional taboos; (d) differences with traditional leaders, chiefs, traditional healers (inyangas) and people who cast spells. The clinical presentation includes (a) conversion syndrome (hysteria); (b) headache; (c) inexplicable pains; (d) 'something moving up and down in one's body; (e) palpitations; (f) pain in the heart; (g) symptoms of depression; and (h) frank psychosis. Diagnosis may be difficult and is usually by exclusion. Gaining the confidence of the patient is important; ignorance of the patient's language and customs puts the doctor at a disadvantage. Where symptoms are of long standing, treatment is difficult, prognosis poor, and most cases need to be referred to a psychiatrist.
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PMID:Aspects of stress among traditionally living people in a developing country. 707 18

On May 21, 1979, an outbreak of illness spread swiftly among elementary school students in a Boston suburb. Of 224 boys and girls attending an assembly, 34 were hospitalized with severe dizziness, weakness, hyperventilation, headache, nausea, and abdominal pain. Sudden remission of symptoms, preponderance in girls, and failure of an extensive epidemiological investigation to detect an organic cause indicated mass hysteria. To test the hypothesis that previous loss influenced a child's vulnerability to current loss and predisposed that child to mass hysteria, we compared the incidence of family disruption in the hospitalized children with that in the nonhospitalized children. A significantly higher rate of parental divorce (P less than .00005) and death within the family (P less than .0005) occurred among the hospitalized children. These findings suggest a relationship between childhood loss and susceptibility to mass hysteria.
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PMID:Mass hysteria among schoolchildren. Early loss as a predisposing factor. 709 5

The concepts of Hysteria, Hypochondriasis and Hysterical Personality are reviewed and their relationship to pain and headache examined. It is further noted that many patients with supposed "tension headache" do not respond to measures which relieve anxiety. Electromyographic studies indicate that "tension headache" is not associated with the expected amounts of frontalis muscle tension. It is argued that much headache cannot be explained in organic terms or as a result of muscle tension and that hysterical mechanisms are important in causing it.
Cephalalgia 1981 Jun
PMID:Headache and hysteria. 734 73

The investigation of personality traits of migraineurs with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is an important line of research, but so far has led to diverse conclusions. In this study, the MMPI (Chinese edition) responses of 50 Chinese subjects (10 men, 40 women) with migraine (4 migraine with aura, 46 without aura), during frequent headache attacks were compared with 30 nonheadache healthy control subjects (6 men, 24 women). Statistical analysis was made between the two groups. The results revealed that subjects in the migraine group had significantly higher scores on subtests of neurotic, (hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria, and psychasthenia), schizophrenia, and social introversion (P < 0.05 to 0.001). Utilizing the American T-score, we found the migraine group's MMPI profile was a typical 1.2.3.7 model. These results suggest migraineurs with frequent headache attacks have multiphasic personality abnormalities and partial cerebral function disturbances.
Headache 1995 Sep
PMID:An MMPI control study: Chinese migraineurs during frequent headache attack intervals. 759 42

The investigations of personality traits have been the issue of many studies on patients with headache. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is the most popular assessment instrument used in these studies. MMPI responses of 36 cases (14 male, 22 female) with tension headache and 44 cases (11 male, 33 female) with migraine headache had been compared with 36 nonheadache controls (12 male, 24 female). Because of the inadequate number of male subjects, the statistical analyses were made between female groups. The results obtained revealed that subjects in the tension-type headache group got significantly higher scores on neurotic subtests (hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria) than subjects in the control group. Likewise, migraine subjects got significantly higher scores on hysteria subtest than control subjects. No significant differences were noted between migraine and tension groups. However, none of the headache groups could be characterized by marked elevations on any of the validity and clinical scales. These results, support the finding that neurotic symptoms occur with a higher frequency in headache sufferers.
Headache 1994 Mar
PMID:MMPI profiles of Turkish headache sufferers. 820 Jul 89


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