Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Wilms' tumor (WT), also called nephroblastoma, is an embryonic neoplasm of the developing kidney. A previously healthy Japanese female infant had WT in a single kidney without associated congenital malformations. Preoperative chemotherapy was started for the preservation of renal tissue and function. Tumor lysis syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and acute renal failure were accompanying. The infant needed surgical intervention and permanent replacement therapy. At the start of emergency hemodialysis, the infant had posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome because of severe hypertension. During ongoing peritoneal dialysis, the infant suffered from anemia, dietary and fluid restriction, and restriction of time and mobility. Despite alfacalcidol and calcium supplementation, the infant had secondary hyperparathyroidism and remarkably short stature. After waiting for the completion of chemotherapy, renal transplantation from the mother was completed. Successful kidney transplantation promptly corrected preexisting metabolic abnormalities causing secondary hyperparathyroidism. Subsequently, the infant often complained of headache. Computed tomographic scanning revealed calcification in the cerebellum. Refractory secondary hyperparathyroidism was inferred as the cause. A well-functioning graft provided the infant with a greater sense of well-being and enabled her to enjoy a lifestyle free of dialysis, although the infant must continue taking transplant medications and has retained unresolved issues of short stature and ectopic intracranial calcification.
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PMID:Intracranial calcification in a uremic infant with Wilms' tumor in a solitary kidney. 2850 67

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) causes significant burden in pediatric patients in spite of maintained treatment with phosphate supplements and vitamin D derivatives. Administration of burosumab has shown promising results in clinical trial but studies assessing its effect in the everyday practice are missing. With this aim, we analyzed the response to one-year treatment with burosumab, injected subcutaneously at 0.8 mg/kg every 2 weeks, in five children (three females) aged from 6 to 16 years, with genetically confirmed XLH. Patients were being treated with phosphate and vitamin D analogs until the beginning of burosumab treatment. In all children, burosumab administration led to normalization of serum phosphate in association with marked increase of tubular reabsorption of phosphate and reduction of elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels. Baseline height of patients, from -3.56 to -0.46 SD, increased in the three prepubertal children (+0.84, +0.89, and +0.16 SD) during burosumab treatment. Growth improvement was associated with reduction in body mass index (-1.75, -1.47, and -0.17 SD, respectively), suggesting a salutary effect of burosumab on physical activity and body composition. Burosumab was well-tolerated, mild local pain at the injection site and transient and mild headache following the initial doses of burosumab being the only reported undesirable side effects. No patient exhibited hyperphosphatemia, progression of nephrocalcinosis, worsening of metabolic control or developed hyperparathyroidism. Mild elevation of serum PTH present at the beginning of treatment in one patient 4 was not modified by burosumab administration. These results indicate that in the clinical setting, beyond the strict conditions and follow-up of clinical trials, burosumab treatment for 1 year exerts positive effects in pediatric patients with XLH without major adverse events.
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PMID:Positive Response to One-Year Treatment With Burosumab in Pediatric Patients With X-Linked Hypophosphatemia. 3213 33

Patients undergoing radiation therapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) experience significant early and long-term side effects. The likelihood and severity of complications depends on a number of factors, including the total dose of radiation delivered, over what time it was delivered and what parts of the head and neck received radiation. Late side effects include: permanent loss of saliva; osteoradionecrosis; radiation recall myositis, pharyngoesophageal stenosis; dental caries; oral cavity necrosis; fibrosis; impaired wound healing; skin changes and skin cancer; lymphedema; hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, lightheadedness, dizziness and headaches; secondary cancer; and eye, ear, neurological and neck structures damage. Patients who undergo radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma tend to suffer from chronic sinusitis. These side effects present difficult challenges to the patients and their caregivers and require life-long strategies to alleviate their deleterious effect on basic life functions and on the quality of life. This review presents these side effects and their management.
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PMID:Late side effects of radiation treatment for head and neck cancer. 3301 51


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