Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To assess the efficacy of therapy with alfa Interferon in chronic hepatitis C (NANB), 18 patients were enrolled in an open trial. Eleven were males and 7 females with a mean age of 43 years. Interferon alfa 2b was used in titrated doses for 9 months and the treatment was started with 5 m.U./Ti. During therapy, the patients were evaluated clinically and biochemically. A liver biopsy was done within 3 months after the completion of treatment. The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level 1 became completely normal in 11 patients (61%) at 3 months of therapy and a partial response was seen in 3 (16%). At the 6 months the ALT sustained normal in 10 patients (55%) and a partial response was seen in 5 (27.7%). Four out of 7 patients (57%) who completed the therapy had complete response and 2 (28.5%) a partial response. From 5 patients who completed the follow-up, 3 (60%) had a relapse of ALT levels. A low level of ALT at the beginning of treatment had a predictive value of response to the therapy (P less than 0.05). The side effects of interferon therapy were usually mild. Fever, myalgias and headaches were seen in 72% of patients in the first two weeks of therapy. No haematological alterations were seen. We conclude that a 9 month course of interferon therapy is effective in controlling disease activity in many patients with chronic NANB hepatitis. However, the high relapse rate suggest that future studies should establish the optimal dose and duration of treatment to induce a complete resolution of the disease.
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PMID:[Therapy of chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis with recombinant interferon alfa and factors that influence the response to the treatment]. 180 97

Nineteen Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, seropositive for HBV e antigen (HBeAg) and HBV DNA on at least three occasions in 6 months, were randomised to receive either recombinant human interferon-gamma (rIFN gamma) 0.1 mg/m2 intramuscularly thrice weekly for 16 weeks (n = 11) or no anti-viral therapy (controls, n = 8). Five patients in the treatment group and four patients in the control group had persistently elevated serum alanine aminotransferases (ALT) of over two times the upper limit of normal before entering into the trial. rIFN gamma had no or minimal inhibitory effect on serum HBV DNA during treatment and no patient developed e-seroconversion or sustained loss of serum HBV DNA. Hepatitic flare, which occurred in a proportion of patients responding successfully to interferon-alpha (IFN alpha) therapy, was not observed with rIFN gamma treatment. Side-effects included pyrexia and mild headache that showed tachyphylaxis and were well tolerated by all patients. In the control group, one patient with elevated pre-entry serum ALT lost serum HBV DNA and seroconverted to anti-HBe. Another patient with elevated ALT lost serum HBV DNA transiently during therapy. In the dose given, rIFN gamma was safe but had no apparent anti-viral effects in Chinese patients with chronic HBV infection.
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PMID:A randomised controlled trial of recombinant interferon-gamma in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. 191 40

Recombinant alpha-interferon (IFN-R) was given to 17 patients with non-A, non-B chronic hepatitis (NANB-CH) and to 11 patients with B chronic hepatitis (B-CH). Fever (100.4 to 102.2 Fahrenheit) was observed in every patient during the early phase of treatment. Other side-effects included rigors, myalgia, headache and laboratory changes such as leucopenia, neutropenia and, in some cases, thrombocytopenia. However, the tolerance was considered acceptable and treatment had to be interrupted in only one patient presenting generalized mucosal lesions attributed to a hypersensitivity reaction. The response to IFN-R in NANB-CH was considered positive when serum aminotransferase levels became normal or below two times the upper normal limit. Out of eight patients who completed the treatment, four were considered as responders but one of them, treated during five months, showed a relapse after three months. On the other hand, in one patient treated for twelve months, a persistent normalization of serum amino-transferases was observed: a liver biopsy showed a striking decrease of the inflammatory changes. As to the B-CH. 3 out of 8 patients who completed the treatment showed a disappearance of HBeAg and DNA-polymerase and were considered as responders. These preliminary results show that IFN-R is a promising drug but only multicenter controlled trials will establish its value in the treatment of viral chronic hepatitis.
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PMID:[Recombinant alfa interferon in the treatment of chronic B and non-A, non-B hepatitis: preliminary results]. 251 13

Nine patients with chronic hepatitis type B were treated with recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2). Side effects were limited to low-grade fever and headache, which were transient and tolerable for the patients. Seven normal volunteers and nine patients with chronic active hepatitis were administered by one bolus of 500 units of rIL-2. Acute effects of rIL-2 administration on lymphoid cells included a rapid decrease in lymphocytes, especially in cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells. These acute effects resolved within 24 hours. There was no difference in the changes of immunological parameters between normal volunteers and patients. The same effects were seen during 28 days of rIL-2 administration. The number of lymphocytes and CD4 positive cells was increased after rIL-2 administration for 28 days (P less than 0.01). Natural killer cell activity, especially that of CD16+ and Leu-7- cells was also increased (P less than 0.05). These effects may favour the elimination of virus-infected hepatocytes.
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PMID:Immunologic effects on peripheral lymphoid cells from patients with chronic hepatitis type B during administration of recombinant interleukin 2. 297 35

The clinical, virologic, biochemical, and immunologic effects of a biosynthetic human leukocyte interferon, recombinant leukocyte A interferon (rIFN-A or HuIFN-alpha 2) are reported in nine patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and circulating Dane particle-associated polymerase activity. Eight-day courses of rIFN-A were given starting at a dose of 3 X 10(6) units per day and reaching 68 X 10(6) units per day in two patients. Major toxic side effects included fever, fatigue, gastrointestinal symptoms, myalgias, and headache. Most courses of rIFN-A were associated with a reduction in Dane particle-associated polymerase activity, but in no case was this change permanent. There were also changes in lymphocyte subpopulations at the higher dosage levels of rIFN-A. Because of the reproducible, statistically significant effect on viral replication, further study with this and other biosynthetic interferon species is warranted.
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PMID:Acute Dane particle suppression with recombinant leukocyte A interferon in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. 663 Oct 76

We prospectively studied side effects about 54 patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with 3 to 10 MIU a day of interferon (IFN) alpha, which was administrated for 16 to 24 weeks. Every day, all of them wrote down every symptoms, by themselves, during its treatment. Any symptoms occurred in all patients and each incidence of symptoms such as fever, fatigue, headache, anorexia, arthalgia, myalgia, chill, itching, insomnia, nausea, numbness of hand and foot, irritability, diarrhea, eye ball pain, vomiting, were all higher than those which have been reported by some papers in Japan. So, it was considered that the symptom self-wrighting method by patient was useful to evaluate the entity of side effects. Furthermore, we studied 26 patients, who discontinued IFN treatment because of side effects and analyzed the background factors. Each incidence of symptoms of these patients were not always compatible to those incidences. But by observation of those symptoms, we could know severe side effects earlier.
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PMID:[Clinical analysis of patients with chronic hepatitis C who discontinued interferon treatment because of side effects--our experiences and recent reports]. 752 35

We report a case of a chronic hepatitis B carrier with an episode of acute hepatitis. The patient presented with a headache, arthralgias, jaundice and fever. While the laboratory tests mimicked chronic hepatitis B with an acute exacerbation, lipogranulomatous changes seen in the liver biopsy strongly suggested the presence of Q fever. Serology testing for Coxiella burneti proved positive and the patient responded to tetracycline therapy. While previously unreported in Taiwan, Q fever is important to consider in an atypical hepatitis presentation because it is a treatable condition.
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PMID:Acute Q fever hepatitis in Taiwan. 762 Jan 1

A variety of prodromal symptoms of viral hepatitis (urticaria, fever, arthralgias, headache, polyradiculonevritis) are attributed to A, B, C, D or E hepatitis only when jaundice appears, and because they disappear with it. Spectacular extrahepatic symptoms (polyarteritis nodosa, cryoglobulinemia, glomerulonephritis, marrow aplasia...) may be associated with B or C hepatitis without any liver symptom. Some of the extrahepatic symptoms observed during chronic hepatitis C therapy with interferon (thyroid dysfunctions, cutaneo-mucous lichen) may be related to the immunomodulatory effects of interferon rather than to virus C itself.
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PMID:[Extra-hepatic manifestations of viral hepatitis]. 772 20

A 53-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for chest pain with headache, nausea and vomiting, two and a half hours after an intramuscular injection of 6 x 10(6) units of IFN (interferon) alpha 2a, in the 11th week of IFN treatment for chronic hepatitis C. The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed ST depression and T inversion in leads II, III, aVF and V3-V6, as commonly seen in myocardial ischemia. However, emergency coronary angiography (CAG) did not show stenosis or spasms clearly, serum CPK was always within the normal limits, Tc-99m PYP scintigraphy and T1-201 scintigraphy did not show any abnormal uptake or defect, and the echocardiogram did not show any abnormality. She recovered from chest pain and the ischemia-like changes seen on the ECG, after IFN treatment was stopped, and she rested for 7 days from this treatment and other treatment using nitrites and a calcium-antagonist. After recovery, the ECG during exercise and hyperventilation showed changes similar to those seen on admission. From these findings, this case was considered to be precipitated by spasms of coronary microvessels, which were not noticeable in CAG. The cause was thought to be complicated by IFN treatment, because this episode appeared after IFN injection, and improved after stopping IFN treatment.
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PMID:[A case of chronic hepatitis C complicated by ischemia-like changes seen on the electrocardiogram during interferon treatment]. 835 43

Therapy with ribavirin for 6-12 months is associated with decreases in serum aminotransferases in some patients with chronic hepatitis C. We have assessed the practicality and safety of prolonged therapy with ribavirin. Six patients with chronic hepatitis C were given 1000-1200 mg of ribavirin daily for 24 months. Serum aminotransferases and hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA levels were monitored during and after therapy. Liver biopsies were carried out before and at the end of treatment. With therapy, mean serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels fell from 161 U/L to 45 U/L at 12 months and to 39 U/L at 24 months. HCV RNA levels did not change. Liver histology improved in five and was unchanged in one patient. When therapy was stopped, aminotransferases rose to pretreatment levels. Side effects included mild fatigue and headaches. Two patients developed gallstones during therapy, perhaps caused by the chronic haemolysis that occurred in all patients. In conclusion, prolonged therapy with ribavirin can result in sustained improvements in serum aminotransferases and hepatic histology in a proportion of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Ribavirin therapy does not cause decreases in viraemia and, therefore, probably must be continued indefinitely to provide lasting benefit. The advantages of such therapy must be weighed against possible long-term side-effects.
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PMID:Prolonged therapy of chronic hepatitis C with ribavirin. 891 4


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