Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Despite a long battle that was started by Oswaldo Cruz more than a century ago, in 1903, Brazil still struggles to fight Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, the mosquito vectors of dengue virus (DENV), Chikungynya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). Dengue fever has been a serious public health problem in Brazil for decades, with recurrent epidemic outbreaks occurring during summers. In 2015, until November, 1,534,932 possible cases were reported to the Ministry of Healthv. More recently, the less studied CHIKV and ZIKV have gained attention because of a dramatic increase in their incidence (around 400% for CHIKV) and the association of ZIKV infection with a 11-fold increase in the number of cases of microcephaly from 2014 to 2015 in northeast Brazil (1761 cases until December 2015). The symptoms of these three infections are very similar, which complicates the diagnosis. These include fever, headache, nausea, fatigue, and joint pain. In some cases, DENV infection develops into dengue hemorrhagic fever, a life threatening condition characterized by bleeding and decreases in platelet numbers in the blood. As for CHIKV, the most important complication is joint pain, which can last for months.
 ...
PMID:Autophagy and viral diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. 2677 31

The World Health Organization (WHO) has coined the term expanded dengue to describe cases which do not fall into either dengue shock syndrome or dengue hemorrhagic fever. This has incorporated several atypical findings of dengue. Dengue virus has not been enlisted as a common etiological agent in several conditions like encephalitis, Guillain Barre syndrome. Moreover it is a great mimic of co-existing epidemics like Malaria, Chikungunya and Zika virus disease, which are also mosquito-borne diseases. The atypical manifestations noted in dengue can be mutisystemic and multifacetal. In clinical practice, the occurrence of atypical presentation should prompt us to investigate for dengue. Knowledge of expanded dengue helps to clinch the diagnosis of dengue early, especially during ongoing epidemics, avoiding further battery of investigations. Dengue has proved to be the epidemic with the ability to recur and has a diverse array of presentation as seen in large series from India, Srilanka, Indonesia and Taiwan. WHO has given the case definition of dengue fever in their comprehensive guidelines. Accordingly, a probable case is defined as acute febrile illness with two or more of any findings viz. headache, retro-orbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, hemorrhagic manifestations, leucopenia and supportive serology. There have been cases of patients admitted with fever, altered mentation with or without neck stiffness and pyramidal tract signs. Some had seizures or status epilepticus as presentation. When they were tested for serology, dengue was positive. After ruling out other causes, dengue remained the only culprit. We have come across varied presentations of dengue fever in clinical practice and the present article throws light on atypical manifestations of dengue.
 ...
PMID:Expanded Dengue. 2775 44

On March 9, 2016, a male butcher from Kabale District, Uganda, aged 45 years, reported to the Kabale Regional Referral Hospital with fever, fatigue, and headache associated with black tarry stools and bleeding from the nose. One day later, a student aged 16 years from a different sub-county in Kabale District developed similar symptoms and was admitted to the same hospital. The student also had a history of contact with livestock. Blood specimens collected from both patients were sent for testing for Marburg virus disease, Ebola virus disease, Rift Valley fever (RVF), and Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic fever at the Uganda Virus Research Institute, as part of the viral hemorrhagic fevers surveillance program. The Uganda Virus Research Institute serves as the national viral hemorrhagic fever reference laboratory and hosts the national surveillance program for viral hemorrhagic fevers, in collaboration with the CDC Viral Special Pathogens Branch and the Uganda Ministry of Health.
 ...
PMID:Notes from the Field: Rift Valley Fever Response - Kabale District, Uganda, March 2016. 2781 40

Dengue virus infection affects the heart structurally and functionally. Clinical manifestations of cardiac complications secondary to dengue virus infection vary from self-limiting arrhythmias to severe myocardial infarction, leading to hypotension, pulmonary edema, and cardiogenic shock. However, we report a case of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) complicated by a complete heart block. A female with DHF due to dengue virus serotype 2, presented to the emergency department with fever, headache, rash, and fatigue followed by an episode of syncope. She was found to have a third-degree atrioventricular block, with pulseless polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Patient was resuscitated and a temporary trans-venous pacemaker was placed. She reverted back to normal sinus rhythm after 4 days of syncope and was subsequently discharged from the hospital after complete resolution of symptoms, without the need for a permanent pacemaker. Physicians are warranted to have high index of suspicion for dengue virus infection as an etiology in patients with acute cardiovascular compromise, especially in tropical areas.
 ...
PMID:Complete Heart Block in Association with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever. 2782 48

Introduction. Dengue fever is an arboviral disease, which is transmitted by mosquito vector and presents as varied clinical spectrum of dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), dengue shock syndrome (DSS), and expanded dengue syndrome (EDS) with atypical presentations, thus posing a diagnostic dilemma. Unless we are aware of these presentations, diagnosis as well as early initiation of treatment becomes difficult. We studied the various clinical presentations of dengue infection during an outbreak of disease in 2015. Materials and Methods. A total of 115 confirmed cases of dengue infection from Department of Medicine of Deen Dayal Upadhyay Hospital, New Delhi, were enrolled in this observational study. Results. The common signs and symptoms of dengue infection were fever, headache, body ache, backache, retro-orbital pain, bleeding manifestations, and rash in 100%, 87%, 86%, 58%, 41%, 21%, and 21%, respectively. Nonspecific or warning signs and symptoms included vomiting, weakness, abdominal pain, breathlessness, vertigo, sweating, and syncope. Other possible signs and symptoms of coinfections, comorbidities, or complications included diarrhea, sore throat, and neurological manifestations. There were seven patients with coinfections and four with comorbidities. The final diagnosis of these patients was DF (73%), DHF (16.5%), DSS (1.7%), and EDS (4.3%). Among EDS patients, the atypical presentations included encephalopathy, lateral rectus nerve palsy, acalculous cholecystitis, and myocarditis. Four patients required ICU care and there was no death in this study. Conclusion. Knowledge of atypical presentations is a must for early diagnosis and timely intervention to prevent life-threatening complications.
 ...
PMID:Clinical Profiles of Dengue Infection during an Outbreak in Northern India. 2802 97

Hantavirus infection during pregnancy can influence both maternal and fetal outcomes. Here, we describe four cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in pregnant Chinese women. The HFRS put these women at increased risk for severe illness, despite the patients' symptomologies in the onset phase were similar to those observed in non-pregnant HFRS patients, such as fever, headache, nausea, and thrombocytopenia. Pregnant women appeared to have a more severe status, presenting with severe complications, such as hypervolemia and pulmonary edema. Nevertheless, with appropriate management, mothers with HFRS may carry to full-term and breastfeeding maybe safe and feasible.
 ...
PMID:Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by Hantaan virus infection in four pregnant Chinese women. 2850 70

Ebola virus is a filovirus that can cause fatal hemorrhagic fever (HF) and five distinct species exist that vary in terms of geographical distribution and virulence. Once the more virulent forms enter the human population, transmission occurs primarily through direct contact with infected body fluids and may result in significant outbreaks. The devastating has been the recent West African outbreak. Clinically, signs and symptoms are similar to those of the other VHFs [4]. The incubation period is 2-21days, followed by fever, headache, myalgia, diarrhoea, vomiting and dehydration; thereafter, there may be recovery or deterioration with collapse, neurological manifestations and bleeding, that can lead to a fatal outcome. Elevated hepatic transaminases is common and severe hepatitis is more common in fatal cases and frequently there is associated fluid depletion. Real time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) techniques on blood specimens are the gold standard for diagnosis [6]. Management is discussed and is essentially supportive with strict attention to infection control and prevention. None of the pharmacological interventions have shown conclusive benefit and future management of epidemics should centre around prevention and containment, specifically isolation, hygiene, and vaccination.
 ...
PMID:Ebola virus disease: Report from the task force on tropical diseases by the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine. 2912 78

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne virus of the genus Nairovirus within the family Bunyaviridae. Infection can result in general myalgia, fever, and headache with some patients developing hemorrhagic fever with mortality rates ranging from 5% to 30%. CCHFV has a wide geographic range that includes Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Europe with nucleotide sequence variation approaching 20% across the three negative-sense RNA genome segments. While phylogenetic clustering generally aligns with geographic origin of individual strains, distribution can be wide due to tick/CCHFV dispersion via migrating birds. This sequence diversity negatively impacts existing molecular diagnostic assays, leading to false negative diagnostic results. Here, we updated a previously developed CCHFV real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay to include strains not detected using that original assay. Deep sequencing of eight different CCHFV strains, including three that were not detectable using the original assay, identified sequence variants within this assay target region. New primers and probe based on the sequencing results and newly deposited sequences in GenBank greatly improved assay sensitivity and inclusivity with the exception of the genetically diverse strain AP92. For example, we observed a four log improvement in IbAr10200 detection with a new limit of detection of 256 PFU/mL. Subsequent comparison of this assay to another commonly used CCHFV real-time RT-PCR assay targeting a different region of the viral genome showed improved detection, and both assays could be used to mitigate CCHFV diversity for diagnostics. Overall, this work demonstrated the importance of continued viral sequencing efforts for robust diagnostic assay development.
 ...
PMID:Sequence Optimized Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Detection of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus. 2916 31

We report a case of imported dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in a 10-year-old Philippine boy. The patient was admitted to the hospital with a 4-day history of high fever, headache, and malaise, and a 2-day history of epistaxis and hematemesis. Symptoms deteriorated after admission, and the patient was subsequently diagnosed with DHF. DHF occurs more frequently among cases of reinfection than among cases of primary infection. Therefore, physicians should recognize the difference in the risk of developing DHF between patients in endemic and nonendemic areas.
 ...
PMID:A pediatric case of imported dengue hemorrhagic fever in Japan. 2926 75

Lujo hemorrhagic fever (LHF) is a viral disease accompanied with fever, headache, vomiting, diarrhea, arthralgia, myalgia and numerous signs of hemorrhagic syndrome. LHF causes a clinical syndrome remarkably similar to Lassa hemorrhagic fever. The first case of LHF occurred in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 2008. There was a secondary transmission from the index patient to four healthcare workers. Four of the five patients died. The etiologic agent of LHF is Lujo virus (LUJV) belonging to Arenavirus genus of the Arenaviridae Family. Virus Lujo is the second pathogenic arenavirus, after Lassa virus, to be recognized in Africa during the last 40 years. Data about epidemiology, clinical characteristics and diagnostics of LHF, properties of Lujo virus (according to phylogenetic analysis), and recommended precautions for preventing secondary transmission are considered in this paper.
 ...
PMID:[Lujo hemorrhagic fever]. 2973 63


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>