Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is characterized by fever, headache, abdominal pain, renal dysfunction and various haemorrhagic manifestations. The viruses causing HFRS all belong to the Hantavirus genus in the Bunyaviridae family. At least three of the different hantaviruses are associated with human disease: Hantaan, Seoul, and Puumala viruses. HFRS is endemic in a belt from Norway in the west, through Sweden, Finland, the Soviet Union, China, Korea to Japan in the east. The clinical severity of HFRS varies throughout this belt. A severe form with haemorrhagic manifestations and significant lethality (Korean haemorrhagic fever--caused by Hantaan and Seoul virus) occurs in Asia, while a milder form (nephropathia epidemica caused by Puumala virus) with less haemorrhagic manifestations and no or low lethality is found in Europe. All hantaviruses are spread by rodents where the major route of transmission to man is via aerosol from rodent urine, saliva and faeces. Although HFRS occurs with the same clinical picture in children as in adults both incidence rates and antibody prevalence rates are very low in children under 10 years. Men of working age make up the bulk of clinical cases.
 ...
PMID:Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, virological and epidemiological aspects. 134 31

Seven patients, 4 girls and 3 boys, aged 3 to 12 years /X = 7.14/ affected by haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome /HFRS/., were hospitalized at the University Children's Hospital in Belgrade during the last two years /January 1988-January 1990/. The diagnosis was established on the basis of clinical features, epidemiological data and autopsy findings in one patient while in the others the diagnosis of HFRS was confirmed serologically by indirect immunoflorescence tests on Vero E 6 cells. A significant increase in antibody titre against Hantaan virus was found in all serologically tested patients. Three of them had also significant increase of antibody titre against Soeul and one against Puumale virus. In four patients the disease appeared as family outbreak at the end of January 1988 while the others were sporadical cases. All patients but one mentioned contact with rodents at home or in fields. The predominant slynical symptom were: sudden onset of febrile condition with headache, generalized malaise, myalgia, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhoea, oliguria and oedema. All patients had haematuria and only one had other severe haemorrhagic manifestations. Four patients were hypertensive. Two patients had renal insufficiency, but only one required haemodialysis. Five patients recovered after 2 to 8 weeks without sequellae, one patient was still /7 months after the beginning of the disease/ in mild renal insufficiency and one patient died. Autopsy findings showed tubular necrosis in the kidney, myocarditis, massive pneumonia with hydrothorax and jejunal haemorrhagia.
 ...
PMID:[Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in children]. 168 34

Hantaviruses, the causative agents of HFRS, have become more widely recognized. Epidemiologic evidence indicates that these pathogens are distributed worldwide. People who come into close contact with infected rodents in urban, rural and laboratory environments are at particular risk. Transmission to man occurs mainly via the respiratory tract. The epidemiology of the hantaviruses is intimately linked to the ecology of their principal vertebrate hosts. Four distinct viruses are now recognized within the hantavirus genus and that number is likely to increase to six very soon; however, further investigations are necessary. Much more work is still needed before we fully understand the wide spectrum of clinical signs and symptoms of HFRS as well as the pathogenicity of the different viruses in the hantavirus genus of the Bunyaviridae family. HFRS is difficult to diagnose on clinical grounds alone and serological evidence is often needed. A fourfold rise in IgG antibody titer in a 1-week interval, and the presence of the IgM type of antibodies against hantaviruses are good evidence for an acute hantavirus infection. Physicians should be alert for HFRS each time they deal with patients with acute febrile flu-like illness, renal failure of unknown origin and sometimes hepatic dysfunction. Especially the mild form of HFRS is difficult to diagnose. Acute onset, headache, fever, increased serum creatinine, proteinuria and polyuria are signs and symptoms compatible with a mild form of HFRS. Differential diagnosis should be considered for the following diseases in the endemic areas of HFRS: acute renal failure, hemorrhagic scarlet fever, acute abdomen, leptospirosis, scrub typhus, murine typhus, spotted fevers, non-A, non-B hepatitis, Colorado tick fever, septicemia, dengue, heartstroke and DIC. Treatment of HFRS is mainly supportive. Recently, however, treatment of HFRS patients with ribavirin in China and Korea, within 7 days after onset of fever, resulted in a reduced mortality as well as shortened course of illness.
 ...
PMID:Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. 257 14

Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is caused by a group of RNA viruses within the family of Bunyaviridae known as hantaviruses. The classical, severe form of HFRS is characterized by fever, headache, abdominal and lumbar pain, proteinuria, haemorrhagic phenomena, shock and renal failure. The disease is associated with the prototype Hantaan virus and occurs in rural areas of Korea and China with Apodemus mice as reservoir hosts. A clinically less severe form of HFRS, which is caused by Seoul virus, occurs in urban areas with the house rat Rattus novegicus as the main reservoir host. The disease in nonendemic areas may be atypical and patients with symptoms the hepatitis and minimal renal involvement have been observed in Malaysia. Outbreaks of HFRS in humans involving infected laboratory rat colonies have occurred in several medical centres in various countries. Hantaviruses cause a chronic, asymptomatic infection in rodents which excrete the virus in their lungs, saliva and urine. Man becomes infected mainly by inhalation of infected droplets from healthy rodent carriers. Seroepidemiological studies using mainly the indirect immunoflourescent antibody test of sera from humans and rats showed that hantaviruses have a worldwide distribution.
 ...
PMID:Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: clinical, virological and epidemiological perspectives. 289 3

Hantavirus-induced acute renal failure is a worldwide occurring disease and rarely known and diagnosed in Germany and in Western Europe. Its various clinical features are embraced by the term Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome (HFRS). Cardinal symptoms of the mild European form called Nephropathia epidemica (NE) leading to diagnosis are: abrupt onset, fever, pain (abdominal, loin-, or headache), acute renal failure, proteinuria and/or hematuria, polyuria, and thrombocytopenia. Etiologic agent of NE is the vole transmitted Puumula-serotype of Hantaviruses. Severe courses of HFRS characterized by hemorrhagic complications occur in Asia and Southeast Europe and are caused by the serotypes Hantaan (Korean Hemorrhagic Fever), Seoul (rat associated) and Belgrade (both Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever). Serological evidence of IgG and/or IgM-antibodies by indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (IFA), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or mu-capture-ELISA proves the diagnosis and allows distinction of the infecting virus type. Transmission occurs primarily through inhalation of virus contaminated aerosols or dust. Transmission between humans has never been observed. The incubation period ranges between four days to four weeks. All persons who have much outdoor activities in forests, open fields, farms, and nearby waters are at risk to be infected. Practical exposure prophylaxis seems rarely possible. Therapy of NE is only symptomatic, confined to the treatment of pain, diuretic therapy in oliguric patients, and volume and electrolyte substitution in volume depleted or polyuric patients. Sometimes temporary hemodialysis is needed. Renal history reveals commonly the pattern of acute interstitial nephritis with typical focal interstitial microhemorrhages.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Acute kidney failure caused by Hantaviruses]. 778 96

Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an acute disease caused by Hantavirus and clinically characterised by abrupt onset of fever, various haemorrhagic manifestations and transient renal and hepatic dysfunction. We retrospectively reviewed 63 cases of HFRS in children from 13 different hospitals in Korea who presented over a 15-year period. The age of the patients ranged from 7 to 15 years, with a male to female ratio of 8 to 1. Fifty-four (86%) patients were 10 years or older. On admission, 24 (38%) were in the febrile phase and 35 (56%) were in the oliguric phase. Fever (100%) abdominal pain (91%), headache (76%) and vomiting (73%) were the most common symptoms. Backache, subconjunctival haemorrhage and hypertension were also noted in about one-third of patients. Hypotension was documented in only 7 (11%) patients. Leucocytosis (> 10,000/mm3) and thrombocytopenia (< 150,000/mm3) were noted in more than two-thirds of patients. Elevated blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine was observed in 94% by the 7th (median) day of illness. Elevated aspartate aminotransferase and/or alanine aminotransferase were found in more than two-thirds of patients. Renal biopsy was performed in 12 patients and revealed various stages of acute tubular necrosis with occasional interstitial cell infiltration and oedema. Only 2 showed evidence of interstitial haemorrhage. Eleven patients required 1-3 days of dialysis and the remaining patients required only conservative management. Three (5%) patients died of shock, respiratory failure and pulmonary haemorrhage. All other patients recovered without sequelae. Although childhood cases were much less common than adults, clinical and laboratory findings were in general similar between children and adults.
 ...
PMID:Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Korean children. Korean Society of Pediatric Nephrology. 781 97

Puumala hantavirus is the most common hantavirus infection in Western Europe. The causative agent, Puumala virus, is a member of the Hantavirus genus in the Bunyaviridae family. The natural hosts of hantaviruses are chronically, but asymptomatic infected rodents, which transmit the virus to human in their excretions. Puumala virus is carried by the bank vole, clethrionomys glareolus. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Puumala virus in France or Belgium is very similar to the previously described Nephropathia epidemica in Scandinavia. In most severe cases, the disease is clinically characterized by high fever of abrupt onset, headache, loin or abdominal pains, nausea and vomiting, and occasionally acute and transient myopia. Renal involvement results in transient proteinuria and hematuria and acute renal failure. Except for interstitial hemorrhage in the outer medulla, the renal histopathologic findings are unspecific and include prominent changes in the interstitium with interstitial oedema and inflammatory infiltrates. Thrombocytopenia, mild elevation of liver enzymes, and leukocytosis are typical laboratory findings. Spontaneous complete recovery is the rule. Laboratory diagnosis is primarily based on serology such as indirect immunofluorescence or capture enzyme--linked immunosorbent assays which detect IgM antibodies and an increased level of IgG antibodies against Puumala virus. Viral antigen may be demonstrated in the cytoplasm of renal tubular epithelial cells.
 ...
PMID:[Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. 1171 7

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is caused by the Hantaviruses, a group enveloped RNA viruses transmitted through contact with infected rodent urine or feces. Although distributed widely through Europe, Asia, and the New World, infections acquired in Korea, China, and Russia tend to be among the most severe. The initial presentation of HFRS is extremely variable, but generally includes fever, malaise, headache and abdominal pain. Laboratory findings that may lead to the diagnosis include thrombocytopenia, azotemia, elevated serum creatinine, or proteinuria. We present the case of a patient that acquired hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in South Korea.
 ...
PMID:Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. 1554 May 21

Hemorrhagic fevers (HF) caused by viruses and bacteria are a major public health problem in China and characterized by variable clinical manifestations, such that it is often difficult to achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment. The causes of HF in 85 patients admitted to Dandong hospital, China, between 2011-2012 were determined by serological and PCR tests. Of these, 34 patients were diagnosed with Huaiyangshan hemorrhagic fever (HYSHF), 34 with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS), one with murine typhus, and one with scrub typhus. Etiologic agents could not be determined in the 15 remaining patients. Phylogenetic analyses of recovered bacterial and viral sequences revealed that the causative infectious agents were closely related to those described in other geographical regions. As these diseases have no distinctive clinical features in their early stage, only 13 patients were initially accurately diagnosed. The distinctive clinical features of HFRS and HYSHF developed during disease progression. Enlarged lymph nodes, cough, sputum, and diarrhea were more common in HYSHF patients, while more HFRS cases presented with headache, sore throat, oliguria, percussion pain kidney area, and petechiae. Additionally, HYSHF patients displayed significantly lower levels of white blood cells (WBC), higher levels of creations kinase (CK) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), while HFRS patients presented with an elevation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CREA). These clinical features will assist in the accurate diagnosis of both HYSHF and HFRS. Overall, our data reveal the complexity of pathogens causing HFs in a single Chinese hospital, and highlight the need for accurate early diagnosis and a better understanding of their distinctive clinical features.
...
PMID:Co-circulation of multiple hemorrhagic fever diseases with distinct clinical characteristics in Dandong, China. 2458 7

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is due to an infection by the virus of the Hantavirus genus. Rodent hosts of Hantavirus are present in restricted areas in France; consequently, there are ecological niches and microepidemics of human Hantavirus infections. A HFRS case was diagnosed in the Paris region. The 11-year-old child had an acute debut fever-persistent despite antipyretic medication-asthenia, headache, abdominal pain, myalgia, thrombocytopenia, as well as renal failure with proteinuria. The diagnosis was made with a relevant clinical history and the specific serology of Puumala hantavirus. Therefore, a kidney biopsy was not necessary. What was interesting was the diagnostic approach because of the difference between the place and time of contamination and where the child became ill and developed the symptoms. The child was infected by Puumala hantavirus in Les Ardennes, a high-risk area, but became ill in the Paris region, an area with no prevalence. We review Hantavirus infections in France and its differential diagnosis.
...
PMID:[Nephropathy due to Puumala hantavirus]. 2544 45


1