Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A unique association of Sturge-Weber syndrome and atlanto-occipital assimilation is presented. A 18-year-old male was admitted in emergency because of the sudden severe headache and vomiting. He had vascular nevus in the right half of the face at birth and several episodes of generalized convulsive seizures. On admission craniogram demonstrated calcification in the right occipital area. Neurological examination revealed tenderness in the nuchal region, moderate limitation of cervical mobility in a antero-posterior direction, Bruns-Cushing type nystagmus, bilaterally diminished gag reflex, and positive Romberg's test. Spinal tap showed crystal clear CSF with normal pressure. EEG showed paroxysmal slowing focus in the right parieto-occipital area. Polytomography of the craniovertebral junction demonstrated the unilateral atlanto-occipital assimilation on the left associated with the aplasia of the right posterior arch. Myelography was negative. A right carotid angiography disclosed the dilatation of the basal vein of Rosenthal and abnormal venous vasculature. CT-scan demonstrated the calcified region of the right occipital area more distinctly than the plain roentogenogram, but the enhancement study of the leptomeningeal angioma of the Sturge-Weber syndrome was negative. Never been found this rare association in a review of the literature, the authors discussed the clinical and radiological findings of both diseases.
 ...
PMID:[Sturge-Weber syndrome associated with atlanto-occipital assimilation: a report of a case (author's transl)]. 68 66

A 26-year-old woman presented with headaches, incoordination and a cerebellar mass (1982). The CT scan revealed dilated ventricles and a hypodense space-occupying lesion adjacent to the fourth ventricle. Neuronal loss, gliosis and masses of Rosenthal fibers were seen in biopsy. There was no evidence of neoplasm. A second biopsy 2 years later was similar to the original specimen. A diagnosis of Alexander's disease was suggested. Later that year the patient's 11-year-old brother manifested a clinical picture initially diagnosed as brainstem glioma, but whose biopsy was characteristic of Alexander's disease. There has been a gradual deterioration of these siblings over the past 6 years (1986-1991). No evidence of neoplasm has appeared.
 ...
PMID:Biopsy diagnosis of familial Alexander's disease. 145 72

The authors report an unusual case of arteriovenous communication between extracranial and intracranial vessels, accompanied by incidentally detected bilateral arachnoid cysts of the middle cranial fossa. A 52-year-old male was admitted with a sudden onset of headache, vomiting, and conjunctival hyperemia of the right eye followed by progressive chemosis and proptosis. He had undergone a craniotomy for hypertensive right putaminal hemorrhage 4 months previously. Angiography showed the main feeding artery to be the superficial temporal artery and the draining veins to be the superficial Sylvian veins and the basal vein of Rosenthal. Partial obstruction of the right cavernous sinus was also shown. At surgery, granulation tissue continued to the dura mater through the skull aperture of previous craniotomy and adhered to the underlying damaged cerebrum. The extremely unusual nature of the communication, the operative findings, and the atypical fistulous figures suggested that communication had occurred postoperatively via newly generated vessels in granulation tissue.
 ...
PMID:Unusual intra- and extracranial arteriovenous communication--case report. 170 50

A case of traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) which presented subarachnoid hemorrhage long after the injury is reported. A 24-year-old male was admitted to the National Yokohama Hospital with complaints of severe headache and nausea. CT scan and cerebral angiography showed subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured CCF. His right visual acuity has disappeared after a traffic accident 5 years before, and he had hit his forehead again 3 years previously. He experienced severe headache twice for 2 weeks after his admission. He was transferred to Kanagawa Rehabilitation Center to be treated with intravascular surgery. Plain CT showed high density areas in the basal cisterns. CT after contrast infusion disclosed a small enlarged high density area in the right cavernous sinus, and showed an enhanced mass lesion in contact with the right ventrolateral side of the midpons. The right internal carotid angiogram showed high flow CCF, fed only by the internal carotid artery. It drained mainly into the basilar plexus, partially into the basal vein of Rosenthal and the inferior petrosal sinus. The CCF was found at the C4 portion of the right internal carotid artery. CT and the angiogram revealed a part of the CCF developing into a varix in the ventral side of the prepontine cistern. It ruptured and the patient developed subarachnoid hemorrhage 5 years after the head injury. The CCF was intravascularly embolized by a detachable balloon. Early treatment for CCF is necessary to prevent the occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage if a part of the CCF develops into a varix.
 ...
PMID:[Traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula presenting subarachnoid hemorrhage 5 years after head injury; case report]. 189 23

Seven cases of clinically symptomatic benign glial cyst of the pineal gland are reported. The cysts' size ranged from 1.0-4.5 cm in diameter. They were characterised by a golden or, less frequently, brown-reddish proteinaceous or haemorrhagic fluid content. The cyst wall, up to 2 mm thick, consisted of clusters of normal pineal parenchymal cells, often compressed and distorted, surrounded by reactive gliotic tissue which sometimes contained Rosenthal fibres. The presenting clinical features included headache (6/7), signs of raised intracranial pressure, partial or complete Parinaud's syndrome (5/7), cerebellar deficits (2/7), corticospinal and corticopontine fibre (2/7) or sensory (1/7) deficits, and emotional disturbances (2/7). CT and MRI (in 2/7 cases) scans showed a hypodense or nonhomogeneous lesion in the region of the pineal gland, with or without contrast enhancement. Surgical excision resulted in complete clearance of the symptoms in 5/7 patients. The previous literature is reviewed and the clinicopathological correlations and the possible pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed. The need to distinguish this benign lesion from other mass lesions of the pineal region, in particular from pinealocytoma, is stressed.
 ...
PMID:Benign symptomatic glial cysts of the pineal gland: a report of seven cases and review of the literature. 267 49

A case of Alexander's disease in a 39-year-old man is reported. The clinical course was characterized by headaches and cerebellar gait for 6 months. A state of acute unconsciousness followed, lasting 2 days. Subsequently, dysfunction of the lower cranial nerves on the left-side, left-sided motor incoordination, and a right-sided spastic hemiplegia were found. The patient died 49 days after an acute incident of lung embolism. Neuropathologically generalized and focally pronounced Rosenthal fibers in subpial, subependymal, and perivascular regions were found. They were especially predominant in the brain stem and cerebellum. Atypical fibrillary glia, moderate patchy demyelination, and circumscribed cystic necrosis in the brain stem were also observed.
 ...
PMID:Alexander's disease in an adult: clinicopathologic study of a case and review of the literature. 630 23

A case of teratoma in the pineal region which recurred 4 years after the first tumor removal was reported in this paper. When the patient was 5 years old, she, complained of headache and vomiting, and visited our hospital. As a heterogeneous mass with no enhancement effect was found in the pineal region by CT scan, she was admitted on November 9, 1976. There was no abnormalities on physical examination but neurological examination revealed slight disturbance of conjugate upward gaze (Parinaud's sign). Left vertebral angiogram demonstrated posterior superior displacement of posterior choroidal artery and downward displacement of Rosenthal vein, but early venous filling and tumor stain were not seen. Under preoperative diagnosis of a teratoma in the pineal region, the first operation (left occipital craniotomy and total removal of the tumor) was performed on November 24, 1975. Microscopic examinations revealed that the removed tumor was a mature teratoma in the pineal region. Postoperative course was uneventful and discharged on December 20, 1975. The follow-up study was continued at outside clinic after discharge. There was no signs of recurrence until 3 years after the first operation, but on January, 1981 (4 years after the first operation), she suffered from severe headache and vomiting again and re-admitted to our hospital on February 3, 1981. There was no remarkable neurological deficits except for the mild intracranial hypertensive sign and no changes of findings on angiogram. But CT findings were markedly characteristic. It revealed a heterogenous mass with remarkable enhancement effect in the pineal region and ventricular enlargement. Because a mixed type (teratomatous and germinomatous) of pineal tumors was suspected from the CT findings, irradiation was done after V-P shunt. The tumor was reduced to half size after the first course of 2000 rads irradiation, but there is no more reduction of the size of the tumor following the second course of 2000 rads (total 4000 rads) irradiation. Against the residual tumor, tumor removal was performed on June 2, 1981. Microscopically, the most part of the resected tumor showed fibrous changes caused by irradiation and partially teratomatous compartment. From this result (radiosensitivity and histology) the authors assumed that the recurred tumor could be a mixed type (germinoma and teratoma) of pineal tumor. Postoperative course was uneventful except for a transient disturbance of conjugate upward gaze and she was discharged on June 25, 1981. And now, there is no signs of recurrence 12 months after the second operation. Conclusively, it will be stressed that we should continue follow-up study the case even after total removal of teratoma, especially in the pineal region. Moreover, it was considered that there is a possibility of the changes of the histological features on recurrence of the pineal teratoma. When germinomatous compartment is suspected, irradiation is the first choice and then microsurgical operation should be done against residual tumor.
 ...
PMID:[Problems on recurrence after removal of teratoma in pineal region--an experience of recurrence of pineal teratoma 4 years after tumor removal]. 715 42

Small asymptomatic cysts of the pineal gland represent a common incidental finding in adults undergoing computerized tomography or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging or at postmortem examination. In contrast, large symptomatic pineal cysts are rare, being limited to individual case reports or small series. The authors have reviewed 24 cases of large pineal cysts. The mean patient age at presentation was 28.7 years (range 15 to 46 years); 18 were female and six male. Presenting features in 20 symptomatic cases included: headache in 19; nausea and/or vomiting in seven; papilledema in five; visual disturbances in five (diplopia in three, "blurred vision" in two, and unilateral partial oculomotor nerve palsy in one); Parinaud's syndrome in two; hemiparesis in one; hemisensory aberration in one; and seizures in one. Four lesions were discovered incidentally. Magnetic resonance imaging typically demonstrated a 0.8- to 3.0-cm diameter mass (mean 1.7 cm) with homogeneous decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted images, increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images, and a distinct margin. Hydrocephalus was present in eight cases. The cysts were surgically excised via an infratentorial/supracerebellar approach (23 cases) or stereotactically biopsied (one case). Histological examination revealed a cyst wall 0.5 to 2.0 mm thick comprised of three layers: an outer fibrous layer, a middle layer of pineal parenchymal cells with variable calcification, and an inner layer of hypocellular glial tissue often exhibiting Rosenthal fibers and/or granular bodies. Evidence of prior hemorrhage, mild astrocytic degenerative atypia, and disorganization of pineal parenchyma were often present. Postoperative follow-up review in all 24 cases (range 3 months to 10 years) revealed no complications in 21, mild ocular movement deficit in one, gradually resolving Parinaud's syndrome in one, and radiographic evidence of a postoperative venous infarct of the superior cerebellum with ataxia of 1 week's duration in one. Of the patients referred for study, the cysts were most often initially misdiagnosed as a pineocytoma in eight and a pilocytic astrocytoma in three. Only two patients were correctly diagnosed as having pineal cysts. This stresses the importance of recognizing the histopathological spectrum of pineal cysts, as well as correlation with radiographic findings, if a correct diagnosis is to be attained.
 ...
PMID:Symptomatic glial cysts of the pineal gland. 811 58

A patient with a tentorial dural AV fistula causing atypical trigeminal neuralgia (TN) successfully treated by embolization is reported. The patient developed persisting throbbing facial pain in the distribution of the second and third division of the right trigeminal nerve (V2, V3) after a history of typical neuralgia for one year, preceded by a two month spell of TN 6 years previously and accompanied by right-sided pulsatile tinnitus for 10 years. The patient's mother, brother and sister were also said to be affected by typical trigeminal neuralgia. A right-sided dilated vein of Rosenthal due to a dural AV fistula fed by branches of the meningeal, occipital and meningo-hypophyseal trunk of the internal carotid artery was thought to cause trigeminal nerve compression. Complete resolution of symptoms after partial intra-arterial embolization of the main feeding arteries with N-butyroacrylate is described.
Headache 1993 Oct
PMID:Embolization of a tentorial dural arterio-venous fistula presenting as atypical trigeminal neuralgia. 826 98

Since 1984, there has been a great interest in the phenomenon of a particular seasonally recurrent mood disorder called seasonal affective disorder (SAD) or winter depression and its treatment: the phototherapy. Seasonal affective disorder is a syndrome described by Rosenthal in 1984. This mood disorder is characterized by depression with onset recurrent in autumn or winter and spontaneous spring or summer remission. It is associated with hypersomnia, anergia, increased appetite, weight gain and carbohydrate craving. The population prevalence in the north of the USA is estimated between 3 and 5%, but it changes with sex, age and also latitude. A long time ago, we know that animals are photoperiod sensitive and that the melatonin secretion in mammals is suppressed by the light. In 1980, Czeiler reported for the first time that human melatonin secretion can be suppressed by high light exposure (+/- 1500 lux). In 1982, Rosenthal, Lewy and al. reported an antidepressant effect of light exposure of a manic-depressive patient. The phototherapy was born. To treat the SAD, the most common procedure of phototherapy is to expose the subject during 2 hours early in the morning, between 06:00 and 09:00 AM. The subject is sitting before a light screen, he can work and has to fix the screen one time every minute. The most common side effects are headache, eyestrain, muscle pain. The ocular phototoxicity is controversed and it seems to be potentially dangerous if phototherapy is associated with tricyclic antidepressants, neuroleptics and other medication containing a tricyclic, heterocyclic or porphyrin ring system. Since this finding, many questions are asked about photoperiod and its effects in the human being. Lewy proposes for the winter depression the hypothesis of a phase delayed circadian rhythm, that can be treated by a morning light exposure. At the present time, many trials are going on to study the effects of phototherapy in other problems like insomnia, maladaptation to night work, jet lag and Alzheimer disease.
 ...
PMID:[Seasonal affective syndrome and phototherapy: theoretical concepts and clinical applications]. 868 79


1 2 3 4 Next >>