Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A long-term hemodialysis patient with a giant intracranial vascular channel, which has been called a giant serpentine aneurysm, is presented. A 50-year-old man with an eight-year history of hemodialysis treatment was admitted because of headache, nausea and double vision. Computed tomographic scans and nuclear magnetic resonance revealed intracranial abnormal shadow. The left vertebral arteriography showed that the distal portion of the left vertebral artery was dilated to 17 mm in diameter. The basilar artery showed a large tortuous vascular channel and globular aneurysms over 25 mm in diameter. This giant serpentine aneurysm is a rather rare disease. To our knowledge, it has not been reported as a complication in a hemodialysis patient, although fourteen cases have been reported in the literature. In our case, several conditions such as long-term hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypercalcemia, atherosclerosis and abnormal blood flow due to arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis treatment might be considered to play a role in the formation of the giant serpentine aneurysms.
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PMID:Giant serpentine aneurysm in a long-term hemodialysis patient. 318 May 24

A 23-year-old pregnant woman presented with sudden diplopia, ataxia, hemiparesis, and headache secondary to a brain stem hemorrhage. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a hematoma associated with a probable cavernous hemangioma of the rostral brain stem. In this report, we discuss the MRI findings leading to the preoperative diagnosis, as well as the surgical techniques involved in the successful resection.
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PMID:Surgical excision of a cavernous hemangioma of the rostral brain stem: case report. 320 Mar 80

Traumatic carotid-cavernous sinus fistula is an uncommon situation resulting from severe trauma, with less than 40 cases having been reported. It is usually associated with a skull base, frontal or mid-facial fracture, but it may also be a spontaneous phenomenon of congenital, infective or degenerative origin. The blood shunts from the internal carotid to the cavernous sinus resulting in pulsating exophthalmos, orbital headache, pain, orbital or frontal bruit, loss of visual acuity, diplopia, ophthalmoplegia and the differential diagnosis should include superior orbital fissure syndrome, orbital apex syndrome and cavernous sinus thrombosis. Several modes of treatment have been proposed. We were recently faced with such a case, who had sustained fractures of the facial skeleton and developed the fistula despite an initial non-contributory angiogram. The patient remained in a permanent coma.
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PMID:Traumatic carotid-cavernous sinus fistula. 320 64

The lessons of a retrospective study of 24 consecutive cases of Wallenberg syndrome observed during a 6-year span are described: the high frequency of signs and symptoms not considered typical, such as headache, diplopia, supranuclear homolateral facial paresis and homolateral brachiocrural hemiparesis; the unfavorable short term course in a high percentage of cases, and the risk of sudden respiratory arrest.
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PMID:Atypical features and prognosis of Wallenberg syndrome: longitudinal study. 322 64

Fourteen patients with ventricular cerebrospinal fluid shunts in place for chronic hydrocephalus presented with a history and neurological deficits usually associated with high intracranial pressure (ICP) caused by an obstructed shunt system. However, the symptoms were characteristically present when the patient was upright and active, and were usually relieved by lying down. The symptoms of intermittent headache, nausea, emesis, lethargy, and diplopia were associated with paresis of upward gaze or minimal strabismus. Measurement of ICP showed unexpected dramatically low levels with a marked drop in pressure when the patient was in the upright position, whereas ICP was near normal when the patient was supine. The low ICP was corrected by insertion of a high-pressure Flo-Control valve into the shunt system already in place. Postoperatively, the immediate clinical improvement and more normal ICP measurements were striking. The important clinical finding in this group of patients was the presence of disabling symptoms which occurred when the patients were up and active and which were relieved by lying down. Measurements of ICP with the patient in the supine and then in the upright position were critical in establishing an accurate diagnosis of symptomatic low ICP in these hydrocephalic patients with indwelling shunts. With the patient in the Trendelenburg position, ICP showed a marked increase, as expected; in some patients this position was prescribed as treatment for several days before surgery.
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PMID:Symptomatic low intracranial pressure in shunted hydrocephalus. 334 12

We report 11 patients with cranial nerve dysfunction due to bone metastases from advanced prostatic cancer. Diplopia, speech disturbances, tongue deviation and headache were the typical clinical symptoms. X-ray and/or computed tomography of the base of the skull demonstrated bone destruction (and the surrounding soft tissue tumour) in 8 cases. In 1 patient the bone destruction was visualised only by bone scan. In 2 cases no bone destruction could be demonstrated in spite of the clinical findings. In 9 of the 10 evaluable patients the clinical symptoms improved after high voltage radiotherapy and high dose corticosteroid treatment. Cranial nerve dysfunction is a late complication of hormone-resistant prostatic cancer. The symptoms are usually due to bone destruction at the base of the skull. Radiotherapy combined with corticosteroid treatment is an excellent palliative measure if started immediately after the onset of symptoms.
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PMID:Cranial nerve dysfunction in metastatic cancer of the prostate. 339 4

A case of ophthalmoplegic migraine with cerebral aneurysm is reported. A 47-year-old female with a 17-year history of migraine was admitted. She had three attacks of severe migrainous headache accompanied with nausea and vomiting within three weeks. Soon after the third attack, she noticed diplopia and left blepharoptosis. Lumbar puncture revealed no hemorrhage but the cerebral angiogram demonstrated an aneurysm at the junction of the left internal carotid artery and the posterior communicating artery. Operation revealed that the oculomotor nerve was not compressed by the aneurysm. But the oculomotor nerve had an indentation produced by the posterior communicating artery at 1-2 mm distal to the midbrain. A piece of sponge was then inserted between the nerve and the responsible artery. After the operation, her oculomotor nerve palsy was gradually improved and she discharged with mild anisocoria. The exact pathogenesis of ophthalmoplegia in ophthalmoplegic migraine is still unknown. In our case, cross compression of the oculomotor nerve with dilated posterior communicating artery seemed to be the cause of ophthalmoplegia.
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PMID:[A case of ophthalmoplegic migraine with cerebral aneurysm]. 339 4

Metrizamide dorsal myelography was performed in two patients with minor to moderate sensorimotor paraparesis. Direct and indirect myelographic signs of spinal arteriovenous aneurysm were seen and spinal cord angiography showed thoracic dural arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) in both cases. Within 24 hours following myelography, clear neurological worsening occurred, associated with cephalalgia, nausea and transient diplopia in one case, leading to paraplegia in a few days. Paraplegia was complete six months after surgery in one case, and had resolved after embolization of fistula in the other patient. The mechanism of neurological worsening may include: substraction of cerebrospinal fluid, sitting position during and after myelography and local increase of metrizamide concentration secondary to impaired resorption caused by the fistula. Water-soluble myelography is of invaluable aid in the diagnosis of dural AVF and must be followed by early angiography, thus allowing prompt therapeutic embolization.
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PMID:[Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae: exacerbation after myelography with metrizamide]. 342 Mar 55

Primary sarcoma in the central nervous system is rare. From 1954 to 1986, 1417 neoplasms of the central nervous system were treated in our hospital and only one case of primary leiomyosarcoma of the pineal gland was seen. The patient, a forty-seven year old man, had diplopia for 2 months, headache and ataxia for 2 weeks before admission. The CT scan showed a space occupying lesion in the pineal gland. During operation, a mass, 3 x 2.5 x 2 cm in size, was found in the pineal and subtotal resection was performed. The pathological diagnosis of primary leiomyosarcoma of the pineal gland was established. The patient died the next year of the operation. Finally, the histogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis are discussed with a review of literature.
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PMID:[Primary leiomyosarcoma of the pineal gland--a case report]. 345 45

Three patients with chronic headaches also complained of double vision. Additional findings were bilateral eye blinking in 1 patient and ipsilateral eye roll in another which became synchronous with heart rate during perturbation of the mesothalamic area. Mesothalamic stimulation attenuated the discharges and the above signs and symptoms. Mechanisms underlying these ocular disturbances are discussed.
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PMID:Double vision corrected by thalamic stimulation. 350 49


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