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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of Raeder's syndrome caused by metastatic malignant lymphoma was reported. The patient was 67-year-old male. He had complained of diplopia, ptosis and frontal headache at the left side. Neurological examinations revealed left incomplete Horner's syndrome (miosis and ptosis, but normal facial sweating) and left abducens palsy, which was considered to be Raeder's syndrome Group 1 (Boniuk and Schlazinger's classification). CT scan, MRI and angiography demonstrated a mass lesion in the left cavernous sinus extending to the sphenoparietal sinus, and a mass lesion in the anterior part of the superior sagittal sinus. During his hospitalization, enlargement of the left cervical lymph nodes was noticed. "Malignant lymphoma (non-Hodgkin)" was diagnosed on the basis of biopsy. Group 1 of Raeder's syndrome is rare, but it is important to define the site of lesion, which is located around the paratrigeminal region at the middle cranial fossa. Because these lesions are very small and metastatic in many cases, various neuroradiological investigations, especially MRI, are necessary for early diagnosis and early treatment.
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PMID:[A case of Raeder's syndrome caused by metastatic malignant lymphoma]. 266 89

Childhood Hodgkin's Disease rarely involves the nasopharynx or the brain. This is a report of a 12-year-old boy who presented with a 3-month history of headache, diplopia, dizziness, and early morning vomiting. Computerized axial tomography (CT) scan revealed a nasopharyngeal mass with intracranial extension through the skull base. Biopsy of the nasopharyngeal mass and an upper cervical lymph node was consistent with Hodgkin's disease of mixed cellularity. This, to the author's knowledge, is the first report of a child having the combination of nasopharyngeal and intracranial involvement in Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:Nasopharyngeal Hodgkin's disease with intracranial extension in a child. 270 39

Clinical and pathological studies were made on 5 patients (1 male and 4 females; average age, 58.2 years) with primary malignant lymphoma of the brain. One case had received long-term immunosuppressive therapy for SLE. The most common initial signs and symptoms were non-specific and non-localized. They included headache, disorientation and consciousness disturbance. During the course, the signs and symptoms consisted of consciousness disturbance (5 cases), hemiparesis (4 cases), headache (3 cases), dementia (2 cases), seizures (2 cases), and diplopia (1 case). The tumors on CT scans appeared as slight hyperdense areas in 3 cases, and as isodense areas in 1 case with enhancement following contrast media infusion, which was compatible with previously reported results. However, the other case showed diffuse hypodense areas without enhancement which has rarely been reported. Multiple lesions were found in 4 cases. Three cases underwent cerebral angiography which demonstrated avascular masses. Pathologically, the tumors were located in the cerebral hemispheres in 5 cases, the basal ganglia and thalamus in 3 cases, the brain stem in 2 cases, and the cerebellum in 2 cases. Three cases were classified as of the diffuse, large cell type, 1 case as small cleaved cell and 1 case as immunoblastic. Thus, the clinical diagnosis of primary malignant lymphoma of the brain still remains difficult because the symptoms and CT findings are so varied.
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PMID:Primary malignant lymphoma of the brain--clinical and pathological investigations. 272 42

A report on 8 patients with idiopathic multiple cranial neuropathy is presented. The syndrome consists of headache, facial pain and diplopia preceding the onset of cranial nerve palsy. The cranial nerves most frequently involved were the third, fifth and seventh. All patients were treated with corticosteroid therapy. The symptoms were self-limiting in their course and corticosteroid therapy appeared to hasten recovery of function. Only in a few cases a noticeable neurological deficiency remained. Differential diagnosis and etiological considerations are discussed.
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PMID:Idiopathic multiple cranial neuropathy. A twenty year experience. 273 41

We report the case of a woman with short nocturnal attacks of peri- and retro-orbital pain, diplopia, ptosis, rhinorrhea and lacrimation of five months evolution. Neurological examination was normal between attacks. The latter presented with partial third nerve palsy, which finally became complete and permanent. Brain CT showed a sellar and supraseller tumor with parasellar extension to the right side. We stress the atypical clinical presentation and evolution of this case, and discuss its pathophysiology.
Headache 1989 Jul
PMID:Pituitary adenoma presenting as painful intermittent third nerve palsy. 275 52

Germinomas in childhood may arise in both the suprasellar and pineal region, and outcome has been reported to be worse for suprasellar germinomas with a 5-year survival rate of 20% as compared to 60% for pineal germinoma. To determine the factors impacting on outcome, the results of a uniform treatment approach were evaluated and included primary surgical debulking (PSD) and systemic craniospinal axis radiation (CSRT) for suprasellar germinomas. Between 1976 and 1985 ten consecutive patients (seven females, three males) with the pathologically confirmed diagnosis of suprasellar germinoma were treated. Outcome was compared to four male patients with pineal germinoma treated over the same time period and series of patients reported in the literature. At diagnosis the mean age of patients with suprasellar germinoma was 13.9 years (range, 8.9 to 9.4 years). Symptoms were present for a mean of 18 months (range, 2 to 72 months) prior to diagnosis and included diabetes insipidus, anterior pituitary dysfunction, decreased vision, headache, vomiting, and diplopia. Staging studies, including myelography (n = 4) and cerebrospinal fluid cytology (n = 7), disclosed dissemination in only one child. Surgical treatment included biopsy in three cases, partial resection in five, and total resection in two; no permanent postsurgical complications were noted. The mean radiation therapy dose to the tumor site was 4953 cGy (range, 4400 to 5250 cGy) and to the spine 3354 cGy (range, 3000 to 4000 cGy). Patients were followed for a mean period of 5.1 years (range, 1.9 to 10.5 years). One patient with SG who did not receive treatment initially developed a pineal tumor after diagnosis; she was treated with PSD and CSRT and is asymptomatic 5 years later. All the remaining patients are alive and remain disease-free. Surgical resection and CSRT results in excellent disease control for children with suprasellar germinomas, and outcome is similar to those patients with pineal germinoma.
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PMID:Suprasellar germinomas in childhood. A reappraisal. 291 Apr 39

Five male patients sought medical attention for diplopia and were found to have third nerve palsies secondary to pituitary adenomas. In four cases this was the only neurologic abnormality. In the fifth there was an additional, asymptomatic, temporal visual field defect in one eye. Partial third nerve involvement was seen in all but one patient. Four patients underwent successful surgery and were found to have chromophobe adenomas. One patient had clinical and laboratory evidence of Cushing's syndrome. An initial diagnosis of cerebral aneurysm was made in three cases when the third nerve palsy followed a severe, acute headache. Later it became evident that pituitary apoplexy was the correct diagnosis. The mechanisms by which a pituitary adenoma causes a third nerve palsy are discussed. The importance of recognizing a pituitary tumor as the etiology of an isolated third nerve palsy is emphasized.
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PMID:Third nerve palsy: the presenting sign of a pituitary adenoma in five patients and the only neurological sign in four patients. 293 21

Four patients with histologically confirmed parasellar metastases are reported. The main symptoms and signs were persistent right facial pain followed by diplopia (patient 1), headache and minimal right abducens palsy (patient 2), acute, total left ophthalmoplegia (patient 3), and acute, total bilateral ophthalmoplegia (patient 4). Positive radiologic evidence was present only in patient 1: there was bony erosion of the petrous apex and computed tomography scan showed an enhanced parasellar mass. This patient underwent partial surgical removal of the tumor. Patient 3 was treated with irradiation. All patients died within 14 weeks of the onset of the initial symptoms and all were autopsied. Their primary lesions were hepatoma, stomach cancer, lung cancer, and mesenteric liposarcoma.
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PMID:Parasellar metastases: four autopsied cases. 298 Nov 20

This report summarizes the treatment of two patients with cystic fibrosis and frontal sinus mucopyocele. The first patient, an 18-year-old boy, had a 1-year history of a proptosis of the left eye. The second patient, a 28-year-old woman, had a 3-month history of intermittent diplopia. In both cases, the frontal sinus mucocele was diagnosed by computed tomographic scans; both were successfully treated with an osteoplastic flap and fat obliteration of the frontal sinus. When a patient with cystic fibrosis presents with a history of unilateral proptosis, diplopia, or frontal headaches, a paranasal sinus mucocele should be suspected.
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PMID:Frontal sinus mucopyocele in cystic fibrosis. 315 42

The involvement of the central nervous system in acute leukemia was studied in 15 adult patient. 60% of the patients were up to 35 years of age and 12 of them (80%) were with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In 12 of the patients the nervous system was affected in the acute course of the disease, in one female patients--in the course of induction treatment and in the remaining patients--after the induction treatment. The manifestations of neuroleukemia are predominantly meningoradicular irritation with headache--in 86.7% of the patients, diplopia, papilledema, dysarthria and palpebral ptosis with affection of the cranial nerves (III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, XII). In 12 patients (87.5%) blast cells were found in the cerebrospinal fluid in numbers ranging from 70 up to 36,000/mm3. In 26.7% of the patients other extramedullary localizations of leukemia were found parallelly (testes, thyroid gland hypopharynx, muscles). The application of methotrexate intrathecally and radiation therapy of the cranium led to a remission in 43% of the patients. Favourable results with considerably prolonged survival can be achieved also in patients with many recurrences of the disease. The need of neuroleukemia prophylaxis is proved (it is obligatory for the patients with acute lymphatic leukemia and with some forms of acute myeloblastic leukemia).
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PMID:[Extramedullary localization of acute leukemia. I. The involvement of the central nervous system]. 316 77


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