Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A woman, aged 33 years, presented with headache, drowsiness, and attacks of loss of consciousness with incontinence, during the eight months previous to admission. A CT scan showed a round cystic mass in the third ventricle which was interpreted as a colloid cyst. A myodil ventriculogramm showed the anterior part of the third ventricle completely occupied by tumour. Eleven months later, because of worsening of symptoms, a new scan was carried out, and the presence of an intraventricular tumour in the anterior part of the third ventricle was confirmed. The patient died four months later. The histological diagnosis of the previous biopsy, as well as the post mortem examination, showed a craniopharyngioma of the third ventricle. There was no macroscopic or histological involvement of the pituitary gland by the tumour.
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PMID:Craniopharyngioma of the third ventricle. 660 88

A 62 year-old man suffered of headache and progressive walking difficulties for 4 years. Radiological examinations showed a calcified intraventricular tumor attached to the floor of the 3rd ventricle. Death, caused by septicemia, occurred before neurosurgery. On sagittal braincut the tumor appeared pediculated and was attached to the anterior part of the floor of the 3rd ventricle. The microscopic features were those of typical craniopharyngioma. The pedicle and the floor of the 3rd ventricule were devoid of tumoral cells. Numerous large vessels which originated in the basal leptomeninges were present in the ventricular floor and the pedicle and then branched out into the tumor. Pathologically proven purely intraventricular craniopharyngiomas have been seldom reported. To our knowledge an autopsy case of pediculated intraventricular craniopharyngioma has been previously described only once, without particular attention to the pedicle. The integrity of the floor of the 3rd ventricle constitutes the only feature that may differentiate with certainty an intraventricular extension of a suprasellar craniopharyngioma from a pure intraventricular form of this tumor.
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PMID:[Pedicled craniopharyngioma of the 3d ventricle]. 671 17

A case of coexisting moyamoya disease and craniopharyngioma in an 8-year-old boy is reported. The patient had been suffering from recurrence of transient right hemiparesis with headache and vomiting during the three years before admission. After the diagnosis of both moyamoya disease and craniopharyngioma, evacuation of the cystic fluid of the craniopharyngioma, encephalomyosynangiosis , and internal irradiation through an Ommaya drainage system were carried out. The symptoms gradually improved after these procedures. The relation of moyamoya disease to craniopharyngioma is discussed. We consider that internal irradiation is one of the best means of treatment for a cystic craniopharyngioma associated with moyamoya disease.
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PMID:Moyamoya disease associated with craniopharyngioma. 671 33

Eighteen patients with cranipharyngiomas, who were studied and treated between 1970-1980, are presented. Each patient was treated with surgery and radiotherapy (50-60 Gy). Six patients were treated with radiotherapy because the tumor recurred after surgery. An extensive representation of the clinical symptomatology typical of this tumor was seen. In 3 patients an improvement in visual symptoms was demonstrated; in 11 the headaches and vomiting were controlled after treatment. The 18 treated patients are still alive without evidence of progression of the tumor, after a period of 2 to 12 years. Our experience supports the contention that conservative surgery coupled with radical radiotherapy remains the treatment of choice for the craniopharyngioma.
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PMID:Radiation therapy in craniopharyngiomas. 685 52

The clinical and histopathologic findings in two adults with craniopharyngioma emphasized the wide age range and diverse initial manifestations of this tumor. A retrospective clinical review of 49 additional patients substantiated these points and disclosed that over 40% were initially examined by ophthalmologists. The initial manifestations fell into four broad categories: (1) visual system abnormalities (77% of the cases), (2) headache (67%), (3) endocrinologic abnormalities (57%), and (4) mental status abnormalities (19%). The frequency of these manifestations varied slightly among different age groups. The radiologic features in the two patients described (a 75-year-old man and a 38-year-old woman) included a distinct appearance on computed tomographic scans. These craniopharyngioma were not calcified and were isodense without contrast but enhanced densely and uniformly with contrast, simulating an aneurysm of the circle of Willis.
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PMID:Clinical manifestations and radiologic findings in craniopharyngiomas in adults. 711 45

Intrasellar arachnoid cyst is very rare. We report a case of intrasellar arachnoid cyst. A 44-year-old male was admitted for evaluation of his headache and visual disturbance on August 6, 1993. Neurological examination revealed bilateral decreased visual acuity and visual field defect. Endocrinological examination showed panhypopituitarism. Other neurological findings were normal. X-ray film of the skull showed a ballooning dilation of the sella turcica with thinning of the sellar floor. CT scan showed a cystic lesion with CSF-density occupied the sella. After intravenous administration of contrast medium, the cyst showed no enhancement. MRI showed the intrasellar mass had the same characteristics as the surrounding subarachnoid space. Bilateral carotid angiographies demonstrated that the carotid siphons were stretched and displaced laterally, and the A1 portions of the anterior cerebral arteries were raised. We made a diagnosis of intrasellar cystic lesion. On August 18, the sella turcica was opened via the transsphenoidal rhinoseptal approach. The cyst contained CSF-like fluid, and a part of the cyst wall was resected. The cavity was filled with Gelfoam and the sellar floor was repaired with bone flap. Postoperatively, the patient's visual disturbance improved, but diabetis insipidus appeared and required hormonal replacement. The patient was discharged on September 27 with improvement of visual acuity and visual field. Histological examination demonstrated that the cyst wall consisted of thick arachnoidal cells with fibrous connective tissue. The arachnoidal cells with oval nuclei was stained with epithelial membrane antigen. Symptoms, signs and radiological findings of intrasellar arachnoid cyst are similar to those of various sellar lesions including pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma, empty sella, Rathke's cleft cyst, epidermoid et al.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Intrasellar arachnoid cyst: a case report]. 756 27

Two distinct clinicopathological variants of craniopharyngioma exist: the classic adamantinomatous type and a recently described papillary form that predominates in adults and reportedly behaves in a less aggressive manner. The present study describes the clinicopathological features of 48 patients with papillary craniopharyngioma treated at the Mayo Clinic between 1910 and 1994. An additional four tumors were found to have histological features of both adamantinomatous and papillary craniopharyngioma. Whereas adamantinomatous tumors typically occur in adolescent patients, the mean age of the 48 patients (23 males and 25 females) with papillary craniopharyngioma was 44.7 years (range 10 to 74 years). Presenting clinical features included visual impairment (84%), headache (68%), and pituitary insufficiency (anterior 42%; posterior 27%). Preoperative computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in 17 patients typically revealed a noncalcified, partially cystic mass that enhanced peripherally and contained mural nodules (67%). Many (41%) of the lesions involved or extended into the third ventricle on imaging. At first surgery, gross total tumor removal was achieved in 17 patients (36%) and subtotal resection in 30 patients (64%) in whom tumor resection was attempted. Tumor recurrence was noted in two patients who underwent gross total removal. Tumor-free survival rates of 100% and 78% were obtained in patients who underwent gross total and subtotal resection at initial surgery, respectively. Postoperative radiation therapy was beneficial to patients having undergone a subtotal resection, with an increase in tumor-free survival from 26% to 86%. Aside from well-documented morphological distinctions, papillary craniopharyngiomas differ from adamantinomatous tumors in several important respects. These include the almost exclusive occurrence of papillary tumors in adulthood and their more uniform appearance on both CT and MR imaging. However, a preliminary analysis of our data suggests there are no significant differences between the two lesions with respect to resectability, efficacy of radiation therapy, and overall survival.
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PMID:Papillary craniopharyngioma: a clinicopathological study of 48 cases. 761 62

The authors present the first documented case of a cavernous malformation of the mammillary bodies. A 34-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of headaches and acute memory changes. Magnetic resonance imaging studies demonstrated a retrochiasmatic interpeduncular lesion that was initially thought to be a craniopharyngioma. Operative resection confirmed the diagnosis of a cavernous malformation. This particular case is unique in its destruction of the mammillary bodies and presents further evidence of the relationship of these regions to memory. This report is also the first to document results of pre- and postoperative neuropsychological evaluations that specifically address the memory deficits created by destruction of the mammillary bodies.
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PMID:Cavernous malformation of the mammillary bodies: neuropsychological implications. Case report. 761 85

Vascular complications of surgery for suprasellar tumors include carotid artery laceration, vasospasm, and delayed aneurysmal dilatation of the carotid artery. We report updated follow-up (5-11 years) of 9 patients previously reported with fusiform dilatation of the carotid artery (FDCA) following radical surgical excision of craniopharyngioma, who represent 15.7% of 57 patients operated between 1982 and 1993. None of these patients have experienced hemorrhage or other symptoms referable to the carotid artery abnormality, and none have required treatment. We also report an additional 2 cases of FDCA which were discovered 8 and 11 years after surgery for chiasmatic/hypothalamic astrocytoma. One of these patients experienced headaches and possible hemorrhage, and underwent surgery for the lesion with a poor result. Unless further experience suggests otherwise, it is recommended that asymptomatic patients with this lesion be simply observed, and that surgical exploration for FDCA be reserved for those patients who experience symptoms.
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PMID:Vascular complications of surgery for craniopharyngioma and hypothalamic glioma. 784 Oct 72

Reports of spontaneous rupture of a craniopharyngioma cyst are extremely rare. Five cases of spontaneous rupture of a craniopharyngioma cysts are reported. Clinical symptoms included chemical meningitis in three patients, alleviation of headache in one, and improvement in a visual disturbance in one. Reduction in cyst size was confirmed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in three of five patients, and the histopathological diagnosis was confirmed histologically in four patients. Cerebrospinal fluid findings were abnormal in the three patients with chemical meningitis. Spontaneous rupture of craniopharyngioma cysts tended to occur more frequently in adult males. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were useful in diagnosing cyst rupture, and cerebrospinal fluid findings, especially the presence of cholesterol crystals and an elevated cholesterol concentration, are suggestive, even when no reduction in cyst size is observed radiologically.
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PMID:Spontaneous rupture of craniopharyngioma cysts. A report of five cases and review of the literature. 821 60


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