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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Attacks of migraine resulting from climatic cold or heat-stress are a common occurrence in 20-30 per cent of a population exposed to weather changes. The electrical charges (positive ionisation and sferics) engendered by every incoming weather front produce a release of serotonin. In addition there also exists a syndrome of adrenaline deficiency, which may produce headache, while a third reaction, intermittent hyperthyreosis, plays a lesser role in evoking headache. The differential diagnosis of the various types of headache is based upon the profile of neurohormones excreted in the 24-hours urinary output, which permits a comparison between normal and weather-stress days. Such a procedure may provide an appraisal of the underlying metabolic disturbance. Consequently, appropriate treatment can be administered to the patient, and its effect controlled by analysis of any possible neurohormonal change.
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PMID:Migraine and headache due to weather and allied causes and its specific treatment. 693 58

Among the diseases or symptoms most frequently associated with stress are peptic ulcers, coronary heart disease (CHD), high blood pressure, backaches, and breathing disabilities. Many who have not experienced these severe symptoms have had milder ones, such as tension, cold hands, colds, headaches, tight muscles, and irritability, or feelings of disorganization, apathy, boredom, dissatisfaction, and even moderate levels of hostility. Although unpleasant, many people accept these as the cost of doing business or simply living. This need not be the case. If the mild symptoms are managed, more severe ones like CHD and ulcers may be avoided altogether. However severe or mild the symptoms, the important question is: "How can the symptoms be managed and even eliminated?" The answer is to become aware of stress and to engage in stress management strategies. These strategies are addressed here in some detail.
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PMID:Dealing with the effects of work-related stress. 708 Dec 83

Quantitative EMG from the right frontal and both temporal muscles was studied in 547 adults randomly selected from the general population. The study was part of a multifaceted, epidemiological study of different headache disorders. Surface EMG was recorded by an observer blinded to the persons' history of headache, previous illness and mental state. The present study provides data on amplitude and mean and median frequency levels in migraine and tension-type headache. Chronic headache sufferers had higher amplitude values at rest in their temporal muscles than migraineurs, subjects with episodic tension-type headache and subjects without any experience of headache, probably due to insufficient relaxation. Frequency values during maximal voluntary contraction were decreased in chronic headache subjects and decreased with increasing frequency of headache in the previous year, indicating that chronic fatigue and/or changed fiber type composition exist in frequent headache sufferers. During experimental cold and pain stimulation no significant differences between headache subjects and the rest of the population were detected. Only subjects without any experience of headache had increased amplitude values during pain stimulation. No significant relation of amplitude values to frequency of tension-type headache or migraine in the previous year was detected. In 66 subjects with actual headache amplitude values were increased in the frontal muscle during rest indicating increased tension. Moreover, amplitude values were decreased in both the temporal and the frontal muscles during maximal voluntary contraction indicating submaximal contraction during pain. The present study supports the importance of peripheral factors such as increased fatigability, morphological, and/or metabolic changes in the pathogenesis of tension-type headache. However, the diagnostic value of EMG in migraine and tension-type headache is limited.
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PMID:Quantitative surface EMG of pericranial muscles in headache. A population study. 752 41

We have had 30 patients with Harada's disease at our clinic from 1980 to 1993 and their neurotological findings were retrospectively reviewed. There were 12 males and 18 females, whose ages ranged from 15-years to 67-years. Preceding symptoms such as headache or common cold were observed in 50% of the patients. Pleocytosis of the cerebrospinal fluid was found in 89% of the patients. Subjective cochlear and/or vestibular symptoms were noted in 60% of the patients. In 43 of the 50 ears, sensorineural hearing loss (< 40 dB) was observed. In 77% of the patients, vestibular function tests gave abnormal results. On the basis of our findings, it was suggested that Harada's disease with vertiginous and cochlear symptoms could be classified as follows: cochlear type, peripheral vestibular type, cochleovestibular type, central type, and 'unclassified', based on the neurotological results.
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PMID:Neurotological evaluation of Harada's disease. 761 Aug 43

Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) is the major ingredient of many over-the-counter cold remedies and diet pills. Use or abuse of PPA may cause hemorrhagic stroke or cerebral vasculitis similar to the clinical and angiographic picture associated with amphetamine use or abuse. We report a 32-year-old Taiwanese women who developed sudden onset of severe headache, nausea and vomiting on the seventh day of oral ingestion of 75 mg PPA per day. Cerebral angiograms showed multiple areas of alternating focal constriction and dilatation ("beading" appearance) in the anterior and posterior cerebral arteries consistent with cerebral arteritis. This case should alert medical practitioners to the potential hazards of over-the-counter drugs like PPA.
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PMID:Cerebral arteritis associated with oral use of phenylpropanolamine: report of a case. 761 35

Topical nitroglycerin has been tried for the alleviation of Raynaud's phenomenon in rheumatic diseases, but its effect is not widely recognized. We evaluated the effect of nitroglycerin tape (NTG tape) for peripheral circulatory failure of 7 patients with rheumatic diseases (4 women and 3 men, aged 35-73 years). The underlying rheumatic diseases included: systemic sclerosis 4 patients, polyarteritis nodosa (PN) 1 patient, cutaneous PN 1 patient and digital microinfarction with pulmonary fibrosis 1 patient. An NTG tape (containing 2.5 mg of nitroglycerin) was applied unilaterally on one forearm or leg, and the change in skin temperature was evaluated by thermography. Skin temperature of the extremities significantly increased at 2 and 3 hours after the application of NTG tape. Feeling of cold and/or pain improved in all patients. Adverse effect was headache in one patient. These results suggest that NTG tape may deserve further use in the treatment of peripheral circulatory failure in patients with rheumatic diseases.
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PMID:[Nitroglycerin tape for Raynaud's phenomenon of rheumatic disease patients--an evaluation of skin temperature by thermography]. 780 Nov 96

One hundred seventy-eight subjects attributed a variety of causes to six illnesses/diseases: AIDS, the common cold, diabetes, hypertension, lung cancer, and headaches. Factor analysis of these causal attributions yielded four factors which were more complex than those in the existing literature. Each of the six illnesses was seen as caused by different factors. Ethnic and gender differences in causal attributions also were assessed. Although there were no differences between minorities and whites in the perceived causes of the six illnesses, a number of gender differences did emerge. Women were more likely than men to view illness as caused by Sin and Sex and as a form of punishment. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for ethnic and gender differences in health behavior, health service utilization, and somatic symptoms, and suggestions for future research are offered.
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PMID:Culture and gender diversity in commonsense beliefs about the causes of six illnesses. 796 61

In recent years research has shown that subsets of patients with mitral valve prolapse also have associated autonomic or neuroendocrine dysfunction that can result in a number of related symptoms, including fatigue, palpitations, chest pain, exercise intolerance, dyspnea, dizziness, headache, sleep disorders, gastrointestinal disturbances, cold extremities, and panic attacks. These patients have been classified as having mitral valve prolapse syndrome. This article discusses the pathogenesis and management of mitral valve prolapse syndrome and serves to make clinicians aware of newer developments in the study of autonomic function and dysfunction.
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PMID:The phenomenon of dysautonomia and mitral valve prolapse. 800 50

Atenolol, a cardio selective beta-adrenergic blocker, frequently prescribed in various cardiac ailments, has not been thoroughly investigated for its adverse reaction profile in Indian patient. The present ADR monitoring study which was open, prospective and collaborative was therefore planned. A total of 440 patients with various heart disease were enrolled after a strict inclusion and exclusion criteria from Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi and J.N. Medical College, Aligarh. fifteen patients dropped out leaving 435 for final analysis. Cold extremities occurred in 1.18% headache and dizziness in 1.41% breathlessness in 0.94% oedema in 0.70% and bradycardia in 0.47%. Adverse drug reaction in our study were less than those reported from Western countries. Better patient selection, optimal dose could have reduced the frequency of ADR in the present study. Racial factor and season might be operating to bring down ADR to atenolol in Indian patients.
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PMID:Monitoring the adverse profile of atenolol--a collaborative study. 827 98

A 55-year-old man first noted a swelling on his back in September 1990, when CT scan of his chest suggested a pleural fistula and a cold abscess. In the following month, he became pyrexial and felt nauseated with headache. Subsequently he was transferred to our hospital. Results of neurological examination were abnormal only in that he had neck stiffness and bilateral nystagmus with drowsiness. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed turbid yellowish fluid with an opening pressure of 360 mmH2O, a protein content of 173 mg/dl, a glucose level of 19 mg/dl, and a white blood cell count of 3,024/ml (75% polymorphs, 25% lymphocytes). Tryptophane test was positive. No bacteria, fungi or acid-fast bacilli were seen on direct smear. Adenosine deaminase activity in CSF was 13.9 IU/l. Antibiotics, antituberculous drugs, corticosteroids and glycerol were administered. The clinical course in the hospital was satisfactory for the next two months, but a contrast enhanced CT scan showed prominent enhancement in the left choroid plexus, and MRI revealed another mass in the subarachnoidal space under the right frontal lobe. An open biopsy was done on the massive lesion in the frontal lobe. Macroscopically, this lesion was an encapsulated granulomatous one. On the other hand, there were groups of epitheloid cells with micronecrosis in their centers microscopically. These findings were compatible with tuberculoma, in spite of the absence of acid-fast bacilli or caseous necrosis. Medication was intensively continued: a follow-up CT showed gradual reduction of the choroid plexus lesion and shrinkage of the left lateral ventricle.
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PMID:[A case of tuberculous meningitis with abnormal contrast enhancement of choroid plexus on CT and MRI]. 829 13


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