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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One year after head trauma, 23 patients with post-traumatic headache entered a prospective clinical controlled trial to find out if specific manual therapy on the neck could reduce the headache. The study was completed by 19 patients (83%). Ten patients were treated twice with manual therapy and nine patients were treated twice with cold packs on the neck. The pain index was calculated blindly. Two weeks after the last treatment the mean pain index was significantly reduced to 43% in the group treated with manual therapy compared with the pretreatment level. At follow-up five weeks later, the pain index was still lower in this group compared with the group treated with cold packs, but this difference was not statistically significant. The pain index for all 19 patients was significantly correlated to the use of analgesics as well as to the frequency of associated symptoms (number of days per week with dizziness, visual disturbances and ear symptoms). It is concluded that the type of manual therapy used in this study seems to have a specific effect in reducing post-traumatic headache. The result supports the hypothesis of a cervical mechanism causing post-traumatic headache and suggests that post-traumatic dizziness, visual disturbances and ear symptoms could be part of a cervical syndrome.
Cephalalgia 1990 Oct
PMID:An open study comparing manual therapy with the use of cold packs in the treatment of post-traumatic headache. 227 94

A review of the relevant literature strongly suggests that several medical and laser treatments presently used in glaucoma therapy, and other potential treatments under investigation, reduce IOP, at least, in part, by stimulating endogenous PG synthesis. There are four lines of evidence leading to this conclusion. (1) PGs are potent ocular hypotensive agents. (2) Adrenergic and cholinergic agonists stimulate PG synthesis by ocular tissues in vitro. (3) Epinephrine and ALT cause elevation of PG levels in the aqueous humor in vivo. (4) PG synthesis inhibitors such as indomethacin or flurbiprofen block, or partially inhibit, the reduction of IOP produced by epinephrine, para-aminoclonidine, forskolin, vanadate, verapamil, arachidonic acid, and ALT in rabbits, cats, monkeys, and/or humans. This last finding has great clinical importance with regard to the efficacy of such treatment modalities as epinephrine and ALT, since it indicates that these modalities may be less effective in reducing IOP in glaucoma patients who are taking systemic PG synthesis inhibitors - such as aspirin or indomethacin - for arthritis, cerebrovascular disease, arteriosclerotic coronary vascular disease, headache, or the common cold. Other surgical procedures for glaucoma such as cyclocryotherapy or other cyclodestructive procedures may also reduce IOP in part by stimulating local PG synthesis. Since PGs are produced in various ocular tissues and some of these PGs are highly potent ocular hypotensive agents, their potential role in mediating the reduction of IOP produced by medical or surgical modalities of glaucoma therapy must always be considered. Furthermore, these considerations support the concept that topical application of an appropriately selected PG, or its derivative, may provide a more direct means of lowering IOP than some of the currently used procedures or therapeutic agents.
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PMID:The role of endogenous prostaglandins in clinically-used and investigational glaucoma therapy. 250 30

Longitudinal surveillance of pneumonia in a university student health service was conducted from 1965-1971 and 1984-1987. Of 104 pneumonia cases documented by chest x-ray, only six were presumed to have bacterial etiology; the remaining 98 were characteristic of atypical pneumonia syndrome. Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the etiology in 51% of the pneumonias in the 1960s and 13% in 1984-1987. Pneumonia incidence was highest in the fall semester in seven of 11 years studied. Annual incidence followed a three- to four-year periodicity. Both of these observations mirror the epidemiology of M. pneumoniae in the world population. Symptoms of cough, headache, malaise, and absence of the physical finding of wheezing were seen more consistently in M. pneumoniae pneumonia than in other atypical pneumonias; other clinical features varied among epidemics. Rapid cold agglutinin tests were positive in 27% of our clinically diagnosed pneumonias and in 36% of those with documented mycoplasmal infections. This study appears to provide a basis for predicting future epidemics of atypical pneumonia in student populations.
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PMID:Epidemic pneumonia in university students. 251 60

Our previous research has determined that the vascular "cold patch" is a valid diagnostic "marker" and is a persistent constituent of the thermal geography of the external carotid region. It has been suggested by Dalla Volta and Anzola (1988) that the cold patch may be a prognostic index of vascular headache physiology; that is, as headaches improve through the use of vasoactive prophylactic medication, the cold patch would decrease in size or disappear. The purpose of this study is an attempt to replicate these findings. Forty migraine patients were randomly selected, and a thermographic re-examination of the external carotid region (forehead) was conducted. The post-treatment thermogram was then compared to the initial pre-treatment thermogram. Thirty subjects demonstrated an improved condition (IC) and ten subjects a worsened condition (WC). The IC Group exhibited a 73.2% reduction in headache frequency following a mean treatment period of 6.3 months. The WC Group demonstrated a 48.1% increase in headache occurrence at a mean treatment interval of fifteen months. Results demonstrated little thermographic difference between the two conditions. Within the IC Group, 46.7% of subjects exhibited and increase in cold patch size with an improved condition, 40% of cold patches remained stable, 6.7% of cold patches reduced in size, and zero cold patches disappeared with successful treatment. Within the WC Group, 20% of cold patches decreased in size with a worsened condition, 40% increased in size, and 40% remained stable. Chi square analysis determined there was no significant difference in cold patch changes between patients whose headache condition improved or worsened (p less than .70).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Headache 1989 Oct
PMID:The vascular "cold patch" is not a prognostic index for headache. 258 93

With the aid of a questionnaire form we have gathered information about the clinical picture of patients suffering from primary ciliary dyskinesia. The study group numbered 34 persons, whose diagnosis was confirmed by electron microscopy. Chronic cough and common cold symptoms are present from shortly after birth. Twenty-three respondents reported respiratory tract problems in the neonatal period. The dysfunctional cilia result in chronic respiratory tract infections (chronic bronchitis; bronchiectasis; pneumonia; chronic sinusitis, rhinitis or otitis media). These lead to the following complaints: frequent blowing of the nose (in 32 pat.; 94%), chronic productive cough (in 28 pat.; 82%), chronic common cold (in 26 pat.; 77%), hearing problems (in 24 pat.; 71%), shortness of breath (in 23 pat.; 68%), frequent headache (in 13 pat.; 38%) and sore throat (in 9 pat.; 27%). In order to prevent the invalidating consequences of this disorder appropriate steps should be taken as soon as possible. These should include physiotherapy and adequate antibiotic therapy.
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PMID:[Primary ciliary dyskinesia; a questionnaire study of the clinical aspects]. 258 63

Diarrhea affects approximately 330,000 travelers from industrialized nations each year. Diarrhea is a reflection of inadequate hygiene or waste disposal in the countries visited, usually developing countries. The greatest incidence occurs in 20-29 years olds who take the most dietary risks. Some foods that pose the greatest risk in descending order include raw oysters, steak tartare, ice cubes, washed vegetables, cold milk, puddings, and sandwiches with mixed fillings. 40% of all travelers have a self limiting and rarely grave diarrheal illness caused by local enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). Following an incubation period of 5-9 days, symptoms appear (cramps, fever, and 10 or more diarrheal episodes/day). 5% are infected with Giardia lamblia and 4% with Entamoeba histolytica. Giardiasis occurs worldwide and is characterized by grumbling diarrhea, cramps, and flatulence. E. histolytica causes a severe illness characterized by colitis with bloody stools, anorexia, malaise, sweats, weight loss, and epigastric pain. Only 10-100 Shigella bacteria are required by cause shigellosis. Symptoms include blood and mucus in the diarrhea and malaise. A traveler who ingests food with 100,000 Salmonella bacteria in it most likely will fall ill 48 hours after eating the contaminated food. Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers have an incubation period of about 12 days and may be fatal. Initial symptoms consists of headache, malaise, fever, and pain and 2 weeks later bloody diarrhea appears. Additional common diarrheal illnesses include cholera, post infectious tropical malabsorption, and those caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Campylobacter species. Another disease common in areas of poor hygiene is poliomyelitis with fever, sore throat, and headache present in mild forms. If the virus invades the central nervous system, however, paralysis occurs.
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PMID:Exotic diarrhoeal problems and poliomyelitis. 259 59

Hand temperature norms are presented for 221 headache patients (migraine, mixed, and tension), 105 hypertensives, 45 irritable bowel syndrome patients, and 56 normal controls under conditions of resting baseline, self-relaxation, volitional handwarming, mental arithmetic, and cold pressor. The two vascular headache groups (migraine and mixed) had significantly lower hand temperatures across conditions.
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PMID:Hand temperature norms for headache, hypertension, and irritable bowel syndrome. 263 72

Acute rhinitis is an acute inflammatory disease affecting nasal mucous membranes, most frequently caused by viral infections. Complications include secondary bacterial invasion. Treatment is mainly symptomatic. Antibiotics should be prescribed only when significant bacterial infection is demonstrated. Local vasoactive drugs should not be used but occasionally their oral administration can be effective. Hypertrophic and atrophic forms may be differentiated among chronic rhinitis. Hypertrophic forms include congestive, hiperplastic and allergic lesions of nasal and sinus mucous membranes. Allergic rhinitis should be treated with antihistamines, descongestants and avoidance of allergen. The atrophic forms with crust formation and foul breath are usually managed with local flushings of 9% sodium chloride in water followed by instillation of fluid vaseline, but in some resistant cases reduction of intranasal space by surgical insertion of acrylic pieces is recommended. Nasal obstruction, foul odor, dryness sensation and headache are usually controlled in 90% of these surgically treated patients.
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PMID:[Rhinitis]. 269 28

For clarification of possible platelet activation in migraine and chronic muscle contraction headache (MCH) under stress, plasma platelet factor 4 (PF4), norepinephrine (NE), and free fatty acids (FFA) were investigated during the cold pressor test. Both PF4 and NE increased significantly, whereas FFA showed no remarkable changes. The increases of PF4 in MCH and migraine during this test were significantly greater than in healthy controls. The increase of PF4, however, was independent of NE increase and FFA changes. On the other hand, we observed decreased NE levels in both MCH and migraine, which might suggest peripheral sympathetic hypofunction. The platelets of MCH or migraine patients seem to be impaired, and the impairment may be caused by continuous sympathetic hypofunction. The behaviour of the above three substances in MCH was similar to that in migraine throughout the present study.
Cephalalgia 1989 Mar
PMID:Muscle contraction headache and migraine. Platelet activation and plasma norepinephrine during the cold pressor test. 270 77

Edema due to increased capillary permeability (ICP) may be diffuse or localized. Local edemas (Quincke edema, angioneurotic edema) are most often allergic or very rarely due to a defect in C1-inhibitor. Generalized edemas due to ICP share the following clinical features: Fluid retention (subcutaneous edema and diffused swelling) is predominant in lower limbs; it is worsened by orthostatism and warmth and alleviated by decubitus and cold, with important weight variations between morning and evening. It is associated with enhanced thirst, hypotension, oliguria, headaches and blood volume reduction; secondary hyperaldosteronism is the main mechanism. These troubles are due to ICP, associated with lymphatic drainage abnormalities; ICP is measured by the isotopic Landis Test. This abnormality is present in several diseases. Idiopathic orthostatic edema (IOE) is frequent and often unrecognized, occurring mainly in women, often associated with luteal insufficiency. Iatrogenic complications (diuretic and laxative abuses) are frequently superimposed. ICP may be corrected by vitamins P (rutin, anthocyanosides, diosmin, Ginkgo biloba extracts...) Cyclic shock due to ICP is rare. It is characterized by cyclic edema and shock with hypovolemia, hypoproteinemia; the mechanism of shock is a severe loss of fluid and protein from the vascular bed. It is often associated with monoclonal gammapathy and complement activation. In our personal case, the trouble in CP was present all along the disease with permanent edema and low blood pressure (especially in orthostatism). Vit "P" and Ginkgo biloba extracts were able to partially improve CP and the clinical troubles. However, in spite of this treatment a fatal shock occurred after ten years follow-up. Episodic angioedema associated with eosinophilia was first described by Gleich.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Edematous syndromes caused by capillary hyperpermeability. Diffuse angioedema]. 277 97


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