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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a previous paper we suggested that the vascular cold patch may be a useful prognostic index to followup migraine patients. Considerable criticism against our contention has been raised by Swerdlow and Dieter (Headache 29:562-568, 1989, ref. 1), who claim that the cold patch constitutes a "fixed geography" of the vasculature of migraine patients. In the present paper we replicate and extend our previous findings reporting the results of facial thermography in a sample of 246 consecutive migraine patients. Of these the 206 exhibiting a typical cold patch or a significant asymmetry in the forehead thermal dissipation were admitted to prophylactic treatment (beta blocker or calcium channel blocker). The thermography was performed at entry in the study and after six months of active treatment. The clinical outcome was compared to the thermographic findings. The patients were subdivided in three classes on the basis of the clinical outcome. Among the 136 patients who experienced complete or substantial relief from headache the cold patch disappeared or markedly improved in 85% of the cases. In the 46 patients with partial relief the thermogram showed an improved pattern in 48% of cases, most of the time of smaller extent than in the previous class. In 24 patients we observed no clinical improvement. Among these the thermogram remained unchanged in 85% of cases. Taken together these findings corroborate our previous suggestion that thermography is useful to monitor the clinical course of the disease. One additional suggestion from the present data is that thermography closely parallels the clinical course so as to represent a useful criterion for the decision of discontinuing the therapy.
Headache 1991 May
PMID:The disappearance of the "cold patch" in recovered migraine patients: thermographic findings. 181 63

ASA Grade I and II patients admitted for day-case urological surgery received no premedication or an oral dose of temazepam 10 mg. Anaesthesia was induced with methohexitone and maintained with nitrous oxide, oxygen and halothane or enflurane via a Mapleson A circuit. The incidence of post-operative headache was investigated by an independent observer. Eighty patients were studied (50 male and 30 female) of whom 32 (40%) had post-operative headaches. Post-operative headache was significantly correlated with female sex and frequent 'normal' headache occurrence. The lack of previous surgical experience was a significant risk factor and a loose insignificant association existed with age, the use of halothane and the presence of pre-operative headache. Temazepam premedication had no effect and was associated with significantly more patients complaining of feeling cold.
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PMID:Post-operative headache--a multifactorial analysis. 187 4

We have discussed several miscellaneous headache disorders not associated with structural brain disease. The first group included those headaches provoked by "exertional" triggers in various forms. These include benign cough headache, BEH, and headache associated with sexual activity. The IHS diagnostic criteria were discussed. Benign exertional headache and cough headache were discussed together because of their substantial similarities. In general, BEH is characterized by severe, short-lived pain after coughing, sneezing, lifting a burden, sexual activity, or other similar brief effort. Structural disease of the brain or skull was the most important differential diagnosis for these disorders, with posterior fossa mass lesions being identified as the most common organic etiology. Magnetic resonance imaging with special attention to the posterior fossa and foramen magnum is the preferred method for evaluating these patients. Indomethacin is the treatment of choice. The headache associated with sexual activity is dull in the early phases of sexual excitement and becomes intense at orgasm. This headache is unpredictable in occurrence. Like BEH, the headache associated with sexual activity can be a manifestation of structural disease. Subarachnoid hemorrhage must be excluded, by CT scanning and CSF examination, in patients with the sexual headache. Benign headache associated with sexual activity has been successfully treated with indomethacin and beta-blockers. The second miscellaneous group of headache disorders includes those provoked by eating something cold or food additives, and by environmental stimuli. Idiopathic stabbing headache does not have a known trigger and appears frequently in migraineurs. Its occurrence may also herald the termination of an attack of cluster headache. Indomethacin treatment provides significant relief. Three headaches triggered by substances that are eaten were reviewed: ingestion of a cold stimulus, nitrate/nitrite-induced headache, and MSG-induced headache. For the most part, avoidance of these stimuli can prevent the associated headache. Lastly, we reviewed headache provoked by high altitude and hypoxia. The headache is part of the syndrome of AMS during its early or benign stage and the later malignant stage of HACE. The pain can be exacerbated by exercise. The best treatment is prevention via slow ascent and avoidance of respiratory depressants. Acetazolamide and dexamethasone have proved useful in preventing this syndrome.
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PMID:Cough, exertional, and other miscellaneous headaches. 202 Feb 26

A total of 69 patients with primary Raynaud phenomenon were included in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of nicardipine, a new calcium channel blocker. The trial data were combined with a meteorological survey. Nicardipine significantly (p = 0.02) reduced the number of crises of Raynaud phenomenon but had no significant effect on the intensity of the crises. Mean overall improvement, assessed on a linear visual analog scale, was 21% (p = 0.018), but results for the cold-reactive hyperemia test were not significantly altered after nicardipine treatment. All side effects were mild, and their frequency only differed significantly (p less than 0.05) from that of placebo for edema and headache.
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PMID:Controlled multicenter double-blind trial of nicardipine in the treatment of primary Raynaud phenomenon. French Cooperative Multicenter Group for Raynaud Phenomenon, Paris, France. 205 56

Exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIAn) is a distinct form of physical allergy. As one of the predisposing factors of EIAn, food intake is often cited, and such cases are classified as food-dependent EIAn. Another factor reported is the administration of drugs. Recently we had 3 patients with food-dependent EIAn who showed more severe symptoms when they took aspirin orally. None of them had shown symptoms when they took aspirin alone. Symptoms were provoked only when they took aspirin for common cold, headache or toothache followed by certain foods and exercise. Two out of the 3 patients had experienced food-dependent EIAn before. However, after taking aspirin, their anaphylactic symptoms were more severe with more slight degree of exercise. Results of exercise challenge by treadmill showed that exercise alone induced an increase in plasma histamine concentrations in 2 out of the 3 patients 5 to 15 minutes after the challenge. These data suggest the possibility that our patients have an increased histamine releasability from mast cells responding to exercise, and that aspirin intake might enhance the process.
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PMID:[3 cases of food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis in which aspirin intake exacerbated anaphylactic symptoms]. 209 5

Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) is contained in about 106 products, over half of which are available over-the-counter (OTC). Most are cough/cold remedies; nine are OTC diet aids. More than nine million Americans were using OTC diet aids in 1981, making PPA the fifth most used drug in the United States, responsible for over $200 million in revenues. The safety of PPA remains controversial. Although most controlled studies indicate minimal pressor effects with recommended doses, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) continue to be documented. Since 1965, 142 ADRs have been reported in 85 studies, 69% of these in North America. Many such cases may go unrecognized. About two thirds of all ADRs occurred in females and in patients under 30. Of ADRs attributed to legitimately sold PPA products, 85% occurred after consumption of OTC products versus only 15% after prescription drugs. The PPA product often contained combination ingredients, or PPA was consumed along with additional drugs. An overdose of PPA was taken in about a third of the cases. After ingestion of non-overdose amounts, 82% of the ADRs were severe. The most frequent side effects involved symptoms compatible with acute hypertension, with severe headache the most common complaint. Twenty-four intracranial hemorrhages, eight seizures, and eight deaths (most due to stroke) were associated with PPA ingestion. We have summarized these data in an effort to alert clinicians to the prevalence of usage of PPA products and the potential for adverse effects. In patients who present with elevated blood pressure or signs of acute hypertension, especially hypertensive encephalopathy of undetermined origin, we recommend inquiry about recent ingestion of PPA-containing diet aids and cough/cold products and suggest having such patients remain upright rather than supine.
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PMID:Adverse drug effects attributed to phenylpropanolamine: a review of 142 case reports. 220 Feb 64

One strain of spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae was isolated from a patient with febrile and headache who was missdiagnosed as common cold. The rickettsia was isolated by inoculation of yolk sacs of embryonated hen eggs with the patient's blood. The isolate was named as W-88 following the initial letter of the patient's name. It is the first time to report the isolation of SFG rickettsiae from human being who lived in city in China. In this study we compared the antigens of W-88 strain with seven prototype strains of SFG rickettsiae and six Chinese strains of SFG rickettsiae with one species-specific monoclonal antibody and one group reactive monoclonal antibody by indirect-immunofluorescence assay. The results demonstrated that W-88 strain and other Chinese strains JH-74, An-84, FT-84, MT-84, Se-85, To-85 of SFG rickettsiae were found identical to Rickettsia sibirica (strains 232 and 246) and differ from other prototypes of SFG rickettsiae.
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PMID:[Isolation and identification of the W-88 strain of spotted fever group rickettsiae from a human case in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia]. 222 5

This work assesses the differences in the thermographic findings in the craniofacial and neck areas between normal individuals and patients with craniofacial pain or headache, and investigates the influence of muscle contraction on such findings. Thermographic records were taken in 10 healthy subjects and 47 patients suffering from craniofacial pain or headache of different kinds. In the patients with painful episodes the record was taken between attacks. In all the normal subjects and in 19 patients lateral thermograms were also taken during and after maximal tooth clenching for three minutes. The majority of the patients, as compared to the normal group, showed some thermal alterations and asymmetry. Such alterations seem to be due both to vascular instability and muscle contraction: these two factors may be variably superimposed in the different conditions. In patients with cluster headache or chronic paroxysmal hemicrania the presence on the symptomatic side of a cold spot along the supraorbital area and/or the inner orbital canthus, was a constant finding. We conclude that thermography is useful as an additional diagnostic means in patients with head and face pain, and that the clenching test may increase the amount of information provided.
Headache 1990 Jul
PMID:Thermographic findings in cranio-facial pain. 222

Stimulation of the vestibular system by cold irritation of the ear was performed in 12 patients during a migraine attack. In eleven of the subjects the headache was changed. The changes varied from completely disappeared to a slight decrease. The duration of the changes was either several minutes, during the vestibular irritation, or days. All changes were related to the induced sensation of vertigo. We discuss the probable mechanisms of these vestibular influences.
Cephalalgia 1990 Aug
PMID:How caloric vestibular irritation influences migraine attacks. 224 64

Change of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) concentrations in platelets from patients with chronic tension-type headache (TH) and controls were observed during cold pressor test (CPT). Before cold stimulation, 5-HT concentrations in platelets from patients with TH were significantly lower than those found in controls. One minute after the start of cold stimulation, 5-HT levels in platelets from patients with TH were significantly much lower than in the controls, as control levels rose and TH levels fell. The results show that, under stress, the absorbance of 5-HT into the platelets in patients with TH is reduced. It is suggested that, in patients with TH, there are abnormalities of 5-HT uptake into platelets and factors which cause release of 5-HT from platelets.
Headache 1990 Sep
PMID:Alteration of platelet serotonin in patients with chronic tension-type headache during cold pressor test. 226 11


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