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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Migraine is a common chronic disorder that presents with recurrent attacks of headache and associated symptoms. Various somatic and psychiatric conditions have been reported as comorbid conditions with migraine. Among the psychiatric disorders that have been reported as comorbid with migraine are major depression, anxiety, panic disorder, and bipolar disorder. Recent studies discussing the comorbidity of headache and psychiatric disorders are reviewed here.
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PMID:Neuropsychiatric aspects of migraine. 1621 57

Because migraine has features in common with episodic monophasic pain disorders (such as postoperative or posttraumatic pain) and with chronic pain disorders (such as osteoarthritis or painful neuropathy), it is often considered an episodic-chronic disorder. In clinical practice, the chronic aspects of migraine are addressed using preventive treatment strategies, while the episodic attacks are addressed by acute treatment strategies. Acute treatment strategies have generally been supported by clinical trial designs that focus on single attacks, whereas preventive treatment strategies evaluate multiple attacks over a period of time. Recently, long-term acute treatment clinical designs have emerged that may inform the design of clinical trials for other episodic-chronic disorders. After reviewing traditional acute treatment clinical trials, we focus here on study methods designed to evaluate treatment and management strategies for migraine over multiple attacks, including outcomes that assess the chronic-episodic nature of migraine (such as headache recurrence and consistency of relief), rather than relief from single attacks. We also discuss end points that reflect the treatment needs of patients, such as disability and health-related quality of life. The traditional randomized controlled trial designed to assess treatment efficacy for a single attack is insufficient to address the broader set of issues that arise in clinical practice. We consider clinical trials strategies designed to address the more complex clinical and policy requirements for meeting the needs of those with migraine.
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PMID:Clinical trials of acute treatments for migraine including multiple attack studies of pain, disability, and health-related quality of life. 1638 4

Patients with chronic daily headache are difficult and often frustrating to treat. They are in many ways similar to chronic pain patients and patients with other chronic serious illnesses that have come to alter many aspects of their life, affecting their physical and emotional well-being, their ability to work, and their family and social relationships. The best treatment strategies for patients with chronic disease combine pharmacologic and behavioral strategies with the behavioral strategies incorporating body, mind, spirit, and social interactions. Numerous studies have demonstrated a positive association between being religious or spiritual and improved health, both in response to acute events and in chronic disease. Because religion is so positively associated with improved outcomes, it is important for physicians to recognize this aspect of a patient's life and try to encourage positive use of the patient's belief system as an adjunct in treatment.
Curr Pain Headache Rep 2006 Feb
PMID:The importance of incorporating faith and spirituality issues in the care of patients with chronic daily headache. 1649 29

Migraine is a chronic disease characterized by episodic headache attacks, most often on one side of the head with pulsating, moderate to severe pain. We conducted an assessment of headache severity by using the MIGSEV questionnaire, and the quality of life assessment by using the QVM questionnaire, on a sample of 30 patients suffering from migraine. Afterwards, the research results were compared. The research results indicate that the majority of patients suffer from severe and moderate headaches. The quality of life is poorer in patients suffering from severe headaches.
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PMID:The impact of headache severity on quality of life of patients with migraine. 1714 27

The fast ripening of fruits means they may contain various harmful properties. A commonly used agent in the ripening process is calcium carbide, a material most commonly used for welding purposes. Calcium carbide treatment of food is extremely hazardous because it contains traces of arsenic and phosphorous. Once dissolved in water, the carbide produces acetylene gas. Acetylene gas may affect the neurological system by inducing prolonged hypoxia. The findings are headache, dizziness, mood disturbances, sleepiness, mental confusion, memory loss, cerebral edema and seizures. We report the case of a previously healthy 5 year-old girl with no chronic disease history who was transferred to our Emergency Department with an 8-h history of coma and delirium. A careful history from her father revealed that the patient ate unripe dates treated with calcium carbide.
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PMID:Calcium carbide poisoning via food in childhood. 1730 29

Hemicrania continua (HC) is an idiopathic, chronic disorder characterized by a continuous, strictly unilateral headache associated with ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms. The symptoms of HC typically respond dramatically to indomethacin therapy. We describe a patient with traumatic internal carotid artery dissection, who presented with a clinical picture mimicking HC that initially responded to indomethacin. Patients with a clinical picture similar to HC should be managed with a high index of suspicion for a possible cervical arterial dissection.
Headache 2007 Jan
PMID:Hemicrania continua-like headache associated with internal carotid artery dissection may respond to indomethacin. 1735 8

Headache is a chronic disease that occurs with varying frequency and results in varying levels of disability. To date, the majority of research and clinical focus has been on the role of biological factors in headache and headache-related disability. However, reliance on a purely biomedical model of headache does not account for all aspects of headache and associated disability. Using a biopsychosocial framework, the current manuscript expands the view of what factors influence headache by considering the role psychological (i.e., cognitive and affective) factors have in the development, course, and consequences of headache. The manuscript initially reviews evidence showing that neural circuits responsible for cognitive-affective phenomena are highly interconnected with the circuitry responsible for headache pain. The manuscript then reviews the influence cognitions (locus of control and self-efficacy) and negative affect (depression, anxiety, and anger) have on the development of headache attacks, perception of headache pain, adherence to prescribed treatment, headache treatment outcome, and headache-related disability. The manuscript concludes with a discussion of the clinical implications of considering psychological factors when treating headache.
Headache 2007 Mar
PMID:Psychological risk factors in headache. 1737 58

Chronic disease has a significant impact on workers' productivity. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of chronic health conditions, the work impairment score, and the total lost working hours absent at companies in Japan. Eligible participants were all 544 workers of 4 manufacturing companies in the Kanto area. The Stanford Presenteeism Scale that was developed by Merck & Co., Inc and Stanford University was translated into Japanese and was given to the workers at a periodic health examination between April and June 2006. A total of 433 workers completed the questionnaire, and 48.9% of the participants reported having one or more chronic health conditions which affected their work performance. Allergy (13.3%) was the highest primary chronic health condition followed by back/neck disorders (9.7%). The work impairment score was higher for individuals with depression and migraine/chronic headache. The total lost working hours due to the primary chronic health conditions were 1.4% of the total working hours among the participants. The total lost working hours was highest for those with allergy followed by back/neck disorders and depression. These results should make it possible to develop an occupational health program that can reduce the effects of chronic health conditions on work performance.
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PMID:[The effect of chronic health conditions on work performance in Japanese companies]. 1757 10

The aim of this study was to provide data on the prognosis and treatment options of headache associated with sexual activity (HSA). Sixty patients diagnosed with HSA between 1996 and 2004 were followed up between 2003 and 2006 at least 12 months after the first interview. The further course of the disease and their contentedness with therapy were requested. On average, the second interview was performed 35.9 months after the first examination. Of the 45 patients who had suffered from single attacks or bouts prior to baseline examination, 37 had no further attacks. Seven patients suffered from at least one further bout with an average duration of 2.1 months. One patient developed a chronic course of the disease after an episodic start. Of the 15 patients with chronic disease at the first examination, seven were in remission and five had ongoing attacks at follow-up. Ten patients received indomethacin for preemptive therapy, with good results in nine patients. Eighteen patients received beta-blockers for prophylaxis, with good results in 15 patients. Episodic HSA occurs in approximately three-quarters and chronic HSA in approximately one-quarter of patients. Even in chronic HAS, the prognosis is favourable, with remission rates of 69% during an observation period of 3 years. For patients with longer-lasting bouts or with chronic HSA, prophylactic treatment with beta-blockers or preemptive therapy with indomethacin are often successful.
Cephalalgia 2007 Nov
PMID:Headache associated with sexual activity: prognosis and treatment options. 1791 5

Hypertension is a common chronic disease that leads to significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Blood pressure control is critical in reducing the end-organ complications, such as stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, or kidney disease. Currently available antihypertensive agents work by different mechanisms to reduce blood pressure. Aliskiren, a novel direct renin inhibitor, lowers blood pressure by decreasing renin activity, and angiotensin I and II levels. At the approved dosage (150-300 mg once daily), it reduces systolic blood pressure by 12-16 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure by 2-12 mm Hg. In studies its efficacy was comparable to losartan 100 mg, irbesartan 150 mg, and valsartan 80-320 mg. When used adjunctively with ramipril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), or hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic, it provides additional blood pressure reduction compared with placebo or monotherapy. Aliskiren is well tolerated, with the most common side effects being gastrointestinal symptoms, fatigue, weakness, and headache. In short-term clinical trials, aliskiren caused fewer disturbances in potassium levels when compared with hydrochlorothiazide, ACE inhibitors and ARBs. Long-term data on morbidity and mortality outcomes are not currently available, thus it is unknown whether aliskiren would join ACE inhibitors and ARBs as the preferred hypertensive agents for end organ protection. At this time, aliskiren should be considered as an alternative agent for mild-to-moderate hypertension, or as an adjunctive therapy when preferred agents fail to maintain optimal blood pressure control. It is also an option for those patients who have contraindications or intolerability to other antihypertensive agents, including dry cough induced by ACE inhibitors.
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PMID:Aliskiren: an oral renin inhibitor for the treatment of hypertension. 1809 68


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