Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four adult cystic fibrosis patients were selected for aggressive surgical management of sinus disease on the basis of severe pulmonary involvement, high frequency of hospital admission, chronic headache, and wheezing unresponsive to conventional treatment. They underwent bilateral Caldwell-Luc procedure with perioperative anti-Pseudomonas antimicrobials. There were substantial improvements in headache and respiratory symptoms and a significant reduction in the frequency of hospital admission after the operation. These findings suggest that sinus disease is associated with pulmonary exacerbation in patients with cystic fibrosis, and strengthens a similar observation in patients with asthma.
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PMID:Sinus disease in patients with severe cystic fibrosis: relation to pulmonary exacerbation. 197 Mar 79

The efficacy and safety of different regimens of intravenously administered enprofylline, an anti-asthma xanthine, were evaluated in a randomized open study, including 155 patients with acute exacerbation of obstructive lung disease. The regimen 2.5 mg/kg i.v. over 10 min was canceled after seven patients had been included, due to two cases of hypotensive/vasovagal reactions. The regimens 2.0 mg/kg/20 min and 2.5 mg/kg/20 min were significantly more effective with regard to bronchodilation than 2.0 mg/kg/10 min (PEF increase +35%, +30% and +17% respectively). Nausea and headache were the most common side effects (16-33% and 23-33% of the patients respectively on different regimens) with the lowest frequency on 2.0 mg/kg/20 min. Four additional hypotensive reactions occurred; one on each 2.0 mg/kg regimen and two on 2.5 mg/kg/20 min. The regimen 2.0 mg/kg20 min was found to be the most favourable with regard to efficacy and side effects. Enprofylline i.v. was found to be an effective bronchodilating treatment of acute airway obstruction but the frequency of side effects has to be considered.
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PMID:Efficacy of enprofylline in acute airway obstruction. 201 8

A 145-acre potato field adjacent to Dorris, California, was treated with ethoprop (Mocap) to control nematodes. Ethoprop releases n-propyl mercaptan, a highly odorous and volatile gas, as a degradation product of the pesticide. An epidemiological investigation was undertaken by the California Department of Health Services because community residents sought medical attention for odor-related illness. Elevated health effects were found among those who reported smelling a strong odor (n-propyl mercaptan has a characteristic onion-like odor). In a logistic regression analysis, the most highly elevated 6-wk health effect incidence risks, expressed as odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for age, sex, and current cigarette smoking status, were for headache (OR = 5.08), diarrhea (OR = 3.80), runny nose (OR = 5.31), sore throat (OR = 3.58), burning/itching eyes (OR = 5.64), fever (OR = 3.59), hay fever attacks (OR = 3.50), and asthma attacks (OR = 6.0). Based upon these elevated health effects, it is recommended that human exposures to n-propyl mercaptan be minimized to the extent practicable.
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PMID:Acute health effects from community exposure to N-propyl mercaptan from an ethoprop (Mocap)-treated potato field in Siskiyou County, California. 147 22

The normal physiologic tension of the TMJ muscles, fascia, ligaments, and associated structures is critical for the health of children. Pathologic strain patterns in the soft tissues can be a primary cause of headaches, neckaches, throat infections, ear infections, sinus congestion, and asthma. This article presents effective diagnostic and treatment modalities from both dental and physical therapy viewpoints to relieve and restore normal physiology to the TMJ muscles, fascia, ligaments, and associated structures. As structural balance is restored, a nutritional component of therapy is strongly recommended for the child's optimum health.
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PMID:Diagnosis and treatment of TMJ, head, neck and asthmatic symptoms in children. 209 98

1. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy and the tolerability of treatment with atenolol (50-100 mg once daily), nitrendipine (20-40 mg once daily) and their combination (atenolol 50 mg + nitrendipine 20 mg) once daily in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. 2. The study was a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled parallel groups design: blood pressures were measured at 'trough' effect (i.e. 24 h after dosing) to assess the adequacy of once-daily treatment. 3. Mean blood pressures (mm Hg) recorded on four occasions over 12 weeks of treatment were significantly lower both with atenolol (155/97 sitting: 155/104 standing) and with the combination of atenolol plus nitrendipine (153/96 sitting: 152/104 standing) than with placebo (169/108 sitting: 169/114 standing). Nitrendipine alone had no significant effect on blood pressure 24 h after dosing (165/104 sitting: 165/110 standing). 4. Withdrawals due to adverse effects were more common during treatment with nitrendipine: 7/32 of the patients experienced adverse effects attributable to intense systemic vasodilatation (e.g., flushing, erythema, headache). 2/37 patients taking atenolol were withdrawn: one because he developed a psoriatic rash and the other because of impaired peripheral circulation. Of the 35 patients taking combination treatment, two were withdrawn: one developed headaches and dyspnoea, and the other asthma. 5. The results suggest that once daily dosing with nitrendipine does not control blood pressure throughout the 24 h period in the majority of patients, and is associated with a considerable burden of adverse effects. Combination treatment was better tolerated but appeared to offer no advantages over atenolol alone in terms either of blood pressure control or adverse effects.
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PMID:Comparison of once daily atenolol, nitrendipine and their combination in mild to moderate essential hypertension. 218 68

The subjects were 40 children aged 6 to 16 years with stable chronic asthma; 20 were randomly assigned to receive 40 micrograms/kg of tulobuterol twice daily and 20 received 100 micrograms/kg of albuterol three times daily for three months. Patients were assessed by spirometry after the morning dose of medication at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment. After initial dosing, the mean percentage increases in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were significantly higher in the tulobuterol-treated patients than in the albuterol-treated patients: at 30 minutes after dosing, the mean increase was 17.2% in the tulobuterol group and 5% in the albuterol group; at one hour, 20.3% and 6.8%. Similar results were found at 12 weeks. Mean changes in forced vital capacity and peak expiratory flow rate were similar to the changes in FEV1. Treatment side effects were reported by seven tulobuterol-treated patients and by four albuterol-treated patients. Tulobuterol treatment was withdrawn in one patient because of severe vomiting and headache of unknown cause. No changes in cardiovascular function were found in any patient. It is concluded that tulobuterol taken twice daily was more effective than albuterol taken three times daily in the treatment of asthma in children.
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PMID:Treatment of asthma with tulobuterol or albuterol in school-age children. 228 20

An open clinical trial was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of 400 micrograms tulobuterol aerosol given four times daily in childhood bronchial asthma. A total of 54 children were enrolled with bronchial asthma shown to be reversible by an increase of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) of more than 15% following 200 micrograms of salbutamol. Tulobuterol was administered for 3 weeks and regular use of salbutamol was continued for 12 patients during the 7-day lead-in period and six patients took theophylline throughout the study; other drugs were discontinued. The mean FEV1, mean adjusted FEV1, mean peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and mean forced vital capacity (FVC) were significantly increased (P less than 0.001) following treatment. Mean FEV1 increases ranged from 9.2% to 14.0%, with 24.5-43.4% of patients showing clinically significant increases of at least 15%. Globally, there was improvement in 46 patients (85%). Headache and nervous system complaints were the most common side-effects. Although this was an uncontrolled study, the indications are that tulobuterol aerosol is effective and safe for use in children with asthma.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of tulobuterol aerosol in childhood asthma. 229 30

A cohort of approximately 100 student nurses in Los Angeles was recruited for a diary study of the acute effects of air pollution. Smoking histories and presence of asthma and other allergies were determined by questionnaire. Diaries were completed daily and collected weekly for as long as 3 yr. Air pollution was measured at a monitoring location within 2.5 miles of the school. Incidence and duration of a symptom were modeled separately. Pack-years of cigarettes were predictive of the number of episodes of coughing (p less than 0.0001) and of bringing up phlegm (p less than 0.0001). Current smoking, rather than cumulative smoking, was a better predictor of the duration of a phlegm episode (p less than 0.0001). Controlling for personal smoking, a smoking roommate increased the risk of an episode of phlegm (odds ratio [OR] = 1.41, p less than 0.001), but not of cough. Excluding asthmatics (who may be medicated), increased the odds ratio for passive smoking to 1.76 (p less than 0.0001). In logistic regression models controlling for temperature and serial correlation between days, an increase of 1 SD in carbon monoxide exposure (6.5 ppm) was associated with increased risk of headache (OR = 1.09, p less than 0.001), photochemical oxidants (7.4 pphm) were associated with increased risk of chest discomfort (OR = 1.17, p less than 0.001) and eye irritation (OR = 1.20 p less than 0.001), and nitrogen dioxide (9.1 pphm) was associated with increased risk of phlegm (OR = 1.08 p less than 0.01), sore throats (OR = 1.26, p less than 0.001), and eye irritation (OR = 1.16, p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Passive smoking, air pollution, and acute respiratory symptoms in a diary study of student nurses. 229 88

A random sample of 1,261 non-institutionalised persons aged 70-95 years in four Danish communes replied to questionnaires on health, functional ability, drug use, and living situation in October-November, 1986. Twenty-four % assess their health as excellent, 27%, 39% and 10% good, fair, or poor. Younger persons report better self-assessed health than older, males better than females irrespective of age. Chronic ailments are reported by 51%, most frequent hypertension (24%), heart disease (17%), and chronic bronchitis/asthma (12%). More females than males and more old than young report chronic ailments. Seventy-six % have experienced one or more physical symptoms during the past month, most frequently aching in back and hips (39%) aching in knee and feet (36%), vertigo (27%), swollen legs (25%), and headaches (19%). Fourty-six % report one or more mental symptoms during the past month, most frequently difficulties falling asleep (30%), fatigue without specific reason (21%), and depression (18%). Females report more symptoms than men, older persons report more symptoms than younger. Fourty-nine % report difficulties in hearing during conversations among several persons, 24% in conversations with one other person. Twenty-three % have difficulties reading printed text. Fifty-nine % report memory problems. Functional ability is described by 13 daily activities and 31% can perform all activities without trouble, 29% with some trouble but without help, whereas 13 and 27% need help for one, or more of these activities. More females than males and more older than younger need help.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Self-reported health status and drug use among the elderly]. 230 Oct 91

In a national study of almost 7000 primary school children, parents' perceptions were used to test the hypothesis that the child's irritability was associated with food intolerance independently of other symptoms. After adjustment in a multiple regression analysis for asthma or wheeze, cough, eczema, hives, diarrhoea and vomiting, rhinitis, hay fever and headache, and the social factors of father's social class, maternal education and maternal age, a highly significant association between perception of food intolerance and irritability (P less than 0.001) remained. Though we cannot rule out that irritable children's parents could be biased towards diagnosing food intolerance the possibility that some children do have behavioural disturbance associated with reactions to food needs to be explored further, preferably with a double blind challenge assessment.
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PMID:Associations of excessive irritability with common illnesses and food intolerance. 236 72


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