Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eighteen cases of paralysis of the IIIrd cranial nerve are studied, 9 of which were of ischemic origin (diabetes, hypertension or arteriosclerosis), and 9 secondary to aneurysm of the posterior communicating artery. Seven patients from the first group and all of the second suffered from headaches. This study deals essentially with the associated painful symptom, its localisation, its nature and its value in the differential diagnosis of the two conditions.
 ...
PMID:[Paralysis of the IIIrd cranial nerve. Pain and its value in the differential diagnosis (author's transl)]. 701 64

Prostacyclin (PGI2) was given intravenously in doses of 1 to 5 ng/kg/min to eight consecutive patients with end stage peripheral arteriosclerosis and ischaemic ulcers. Seven patients had intense ischaemic pains. Complete or partial healing of ulcers were seen in six cases (complete in three). In those whose ulcers healed (complete or partially) relief of ulcer pain was remarkable. Acute studies of the effect of prostacyclin on skin temperature of ischaemic areas showed no correlation with clinical effects. Seven patients had more or less pronounced subjective side effects, most often flushing, nausea, headache and uneasiness. As we previously have seen equally good healing and pain relieving effects by the administration of prostaglandin E1 without these side effects the latter compound is so far preferred in the treatment of severe peripheral artery disease. Controlled studies of the effect are needed.
 ...
PMID:The effect of intravenous prostacyclin on resting pains and healing of ischaemic ulcers in peripheral artery disease. 702 66

Five cases of subdural hematoma from arterial rupture (SDH-AR) are described and other 39 reported cases are reviewed. The average age of the patient is 59 and male to female ratio is 2:1. Fifty two percent of the patients have history of recent head injuries most of which are trivial. A very few patient have initial loss of consciousness. Approximately half of the patients with history of head trauma have long lucid interval (average of 7 days). Those patients without history of head trauma have spontaneous onset of the symptoms and some of the have acute onset of headache and loss of consciousness, simulating cerebrovascular accident. Natural history of the SDH-AR is progressing deterioration of the symptoms, resulting in coma and death. Skull fracture is seldom demonstrated in the patients with SDH-AR. Angiography shows and extracerebral avascular mass over the cerebral convexity with marked midline shift. In 3 cases including our 2 cases, extravasation of the contrast medium from the cortical artery is observed and this is a useful finding for making diagnosis of this disease. Computerized tomography reveals high density extracerebral mass with remarkable mass effect. Craniotomy discloses subdural clot and spurting arterial rupture from a branch of the cortical artery around the Sylvian fissure. In some cases, subarachnoid hemorrhage is observed but in none of the cases, cerebral contusion or laceration is present. It is presumed that the mechanism of the arterial rupture is gliding movement of the brain within the skull upon injury, tearing an arterial twig with dural attachment. Hypertension, arteriosclerosis and brain atrophy may be important contributing factors to this mechanism. Pseudoaneurysm of the cortical artery caused by closed head injury is also associated with this mechanism and may explain delayed sudden onset of the symptoms in some patients with SDH-AR.
 ...
PMID:[Subdural hematoma from arterial rupture -mechanism of arterial rupture in minor head injury]. 713 4

A 54 year old man without pathologic past history but mild hypertension, obesity and gastric ulcer, presented with a syndrome of Wallenberg. He had complained for five days of progressive and diffuse headache. The neurological condition improved initially, but the patient died suddenly two weeks later. Pathological examination showed no significant alteration except for left ventricular enlargement and mild arteriosclerosis. There was a hemodissection (dissecting aneurysm) of the left vertebral artery next to the inferior oliva. It induced a lateral infarct and a limited dorsal infarct at the middle third level of medulla oblongata. Although the location of the arterial changes is usual, their nature is exceptional. The cause of the arterial hemodissection could not be ascertained: fibrous arterial dysplasia, atherosclerosis or congenital abnormalities of internal elastic layer may be discussed. But no definite conclusion can be reached.
 ...
PMID:[Wallenberg's syndrome due to a dissecting aneurysm of the vertebral artery]. 713 26

Based on the findings from angiograms done over a 4-year period in Zambia, the most common indications were cerebrovascular disorders, head injuries, infective lesions, epilepsy and intracranial tumours. A few patients were also investigated for headache and vomiting, visual symptoms and papilloedoma. The overall positive yield at 23% was high. 10% of the abnormalities were cerebrovascular lesions. (Occlusive disease and subdural haematoma were common; aneurysms, arteriosclerosis, epidural haematoma, arteriovenous malformations were rare.) Compared with western countries, tumours were not as common but brain abscess was encountered more frequently. Carotid angiography is a valuable tool in tropical neurological practice and the pattern of disease differs from the western countries.
 ...
PMID:Cerebral angiography in Central Africa. 729 88

A case of aortitis syndrome (pulseless disease) associated with basilar aneurysm is reported. This patient was 52-year-old woman suffering from pulseless disease for past fifteen years. She was admitted to our hospital with severe headache, nausea and vomiting. Four vessel angiograms revealed an aneurysm of the basilar artery and occlusion of the right vertebral artery. The internal carotid artery in the left side and the subclavian artery in the right side were not demonstrated even by the serial aortography. As regard to the pathogenesis of cerebral aneurysms associated with aortitis syndrome, questions are in discuss whether the aneurysm is of congenital nature or the result of acquired arteriosclerosis due to aortitis syndrome. In addition, the rupture mechanism of basilar aneurysm associated with aortitis syndrome is discussed.
 ...
PMID:[A case of aortitis syndrome associated with basilar aneurysm (author's transl)]. 745 37

This is a report of unruptured aneurysms with occlusion of the basilar artery. A 61-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of dysarthria and numbness of her left face. Angiography revealed occlusion of the basilar artery and severe arteriosclerosis of the bilateral cerebral carotid arteries. Pcom was not visualized on bilateral carotid angiogram. These neurological signs were considered to be derived from vertebrobasilar insufficiency by occlusion of the basilar artery. Right STA-SCA anatomosis was performed to prevent brain stem infarction. Postoperative angiography showed a good filling of both PCA and SCA by collateral circulation via a right STA and an unruptured basilar top aneurysm. Seven months after the bypass surgery, angiography disclosed that the basilar top aneurysm was visualized clearly, and its size was unchanged. The fact that there was no thrombus formation in the aneurysm was considered to be due to ticlopidine, and the hemodynamic changes after the bypass surgery were suspected to have increased the intraaneurysmal pressure. Therefore we performed neck clipping of the basilar top aneurysm by using a right pterional approach. Two years after the second operation, the patient complained of severe headache and vomiting. CT scan showed subarachnoid hemorrhage, and angiography demonstrated a newly developed aneurysm which might have ruptured on left internal carotid anterior choroidal artery bifurcation. Emergency neck clipping of the second aneurysm was performed, and the patient showed a good postoperative course. The newly developed second aneurysm might have been caused by severe arteriosclerosis and hypertension in addition to hemodynamic stress.
 ...
PMID:[A case of growing up aneurysms with occlusion of basilar artery]. 766 40

The clinical usefulness of prostaglandin derivatives was reviewed for the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases such as arteriosclerosis obliterans, Buerger's disease, Raynaud's disease, and collagen disease etc. PGE1 was initially used for this purpose, however, it had to be infused intra-arterially or intravenously for hours. PGE1 incorporated in lipid microsphere (Lipo PGE1) was made for one-shot use and the targeting drug delivery because the lipid microsphere is easily taken up by some inflammatory cells. Lipo PGE1 was revealed to be effective to improvement of considerably large ischemic ulcer and pain. Beraprost sodium (PGI2 derivative) was produced for oral use, and has been widely used. The effectiveness was similar to Lipo PGE1, but the complications such as hypotension, headache, and numbness were more common in PGI2.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of the peripheral vascular diseases with prostaglandin]. 793 9

Methysergide is a semisynthetic ergot alkaloid ergometrine derivative, introduced in pharmacotherapy for migraine prophylaxis as a specific serotonin (5HT) receptor antagonist. Methysergide is not just a 5HT2 antagonist, it is also a 5HT1 agonist. Open and controlled studies attest to methysergide's efficacy. It may be more effective in resistant cases with a high attack frequency and may act synergistically with ergotamine and dihydroergotamine (DHE) for breakthrough attacks. Contraindications include pregnancy, peripheral vascular disorders, severe arteriosclerosis, coronary artery disease, severe hypertension, thrombophlebitis or cellulitis of the legs, peptic ulcer disease, fibrotic disorders, lung diseases, collagen disease, liver or renal function impairment, valvular heart disease, debilitation, or serious infection. Methysergide can induce retroperitoneal fibrosis and pleural and heart valve fibrosis with an estimated incidence of 1 in 5,000 treated patients. Therefore, it should be reserved for severe cases in which other migraine preventive drugs are not effective.
Cephalalgia 1998 Sep
PMID:Methysergide. 979 94

The effects of the prostaglandin I2 derivative beraprost sodium (Dorner) on ankle pressure index (AP; ankle joint-to-upper extremity systolic pressure ratio), subjective symptoms, and intermittent claudication were investigated in diabetic patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). Forty patients (25 men and 15 women), mean age 63.9 years, were enrolled in this study. ASO was grade I in 30 patients, grade II in seven, grade III in one, and grade IV in two according to the Fontaine classification. They were administered six tablets (20 microg/tablet) of beraprost sodium daily for 6 months. At 3 and 6 months, API had significantly increased and symptoms such as coldness, numbness, and lack of feeling in the lower extremities were significantly improved. Ten evaluable patients increased ambulatory distance by approximately threefold, suggesting an improvement in intermittent claudication. Adverse reactions were experienced by five (12.5%) of the 40 patients (one case each of headache, dull headache, pain in the posterior region of the neck, heartburn, stomach discomfort, and anemia), but all were mild and resolved without treatment. Beraprost sodium was shown to improve API and symptoms in the lower extremities in diabetic patients with ASO, suggesting that it is useful in treating peripheral circulatory disorders in such patients.
 ...
PMID:Effects of beraprost sodium (Dorner) in patients with diabetes mellitus complicated by chronic arterial obstruction. 1186 12


<< Previous 1 2 3 Next >>