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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is known well that acute subdural hematoma develops most frequently after head injury, and secondly from pathological lesions such as intracranial ruptured aneurysm or AVM. A case of ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm which was clipped nine years before resulting in acute subdural hematoma is reported. At 6 pm on July 21, 1988, a 53-year-old woman with severe headache starting at 4:20 pm was transferred to our hospital. She suffered from herniated signs; Conscious disturbance; anisocoria; positive OCR; decerebrate posture. An emergency CT showed right acute subdural hematoma with severe midline shift. Following a decompressing craniotomy at 9 pm, the subdural clot was evacuated. It measured 90g in volume and the underlying cortex was normal. There was no evidence of SAH. Right carotid angiography three weeks after the first operation showed a middle cerebral artery aneurysm at the site of a clip which had been applied nine years ago. A second operation was performed on August 30, 1988. Via the right pterional route, the middle cerebral artery aneurysm was clipped successfully with a Sugita's clip replacing the first clip. We concluded that the regrowth and rebleeding of the middle cerebral artery aneurysm which had been clipped nine years before was most probable. She was discharged with slightly decreased consciousness and right motor weakness, on November 13, 1988.
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PMID:[A case of ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm with acute subdural hematoma after clipping of the aneurysm nine years previously]. 269 86

Seventy-nine patients with known or suspected central nervous system lesions were studied with MRI in a phase III double-blind study. Forty were given gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) and 39 gadodiamide injection (Gd-DTPA BMA), a new low-osmolar nonionic contrast enhancing medium. The dosage was 0.1 mmol/kg body weight, corresponding to 0.2 ml/kg. Spin-echo sequences were performed before and immediately after injection. The safety and efficacy of the two contrast media were assessed. No changes were observed in blood pressure, heart rate or neurological status. Five adverse effects (two episodes of headaches, two of nausea and one of dizziness) were reported by 2 patients who received gadodiamide injection and 1 who received gadopentetate dimeglumine. All events were mild and their relationship to the contrast media was uncertain. For both contrast media statistically significant changes in serum iron were observed 24 h after injection. More than 70% of the patients had abnormal findings on MRI, and in 56% of these contrast enhancement of the abnormal structure or lesion was seen. Contrast enhancement provided the diagnosis in about 50%, changed it in 40% and increased diagnostic confidence in 95%.
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PMID:A double-blind, comparative study of gadodiamide injection and gadopentetate dimeglumine in MRI of the central nervous system. 845 13

The internal contamination with depleted uranium (DU) isotopes was detected in British, Canadian, and United States Gulf War veterans as late as nine years after inhalational exposure to radioactive dust in the Persian Gulf War I. DU isotopes were also identified in a Canadian veteran's autopsy samples of lung, liver, kidney, and bone. In soil samples from Kosovo, hundreds of particles, mostly less than 5 microm in size, were found in milligram quantities. Gulf War I in 1991 resulted in 350 metric tons of DU deposited in the environment and 3-6 million grams of DU aerosol released into the atmosphere. Its legacy, Gulf War disease, is a complex, progressive, incapacitating multiorgan system disorder. The symptoms include incapacitating fatigue, musculoskeletel and joint pains, headaches, neuropsychiatric disorders, affect changes, confusion, visual problems, changes of gait, loss of memory, lymphadenopathies, respiratory impairment, impotence, and urinary tract morphological and functional alterations. Current understanding of its etiology seems far from being adequate. After the Afghanistan Operation Anaconda (2002), our team studied the population of Jalalabad, Spin Gar, Tora Bora, and Kabul areas, and identified civilians with the symptoms similar to those of Gulf War syndrome. Twenty-four-hour urine samples from 8 symptomatic subjects were collected by the following criteria: 1) the onset of symptoms relative to the bombing raids; 2) physical presence in the area of the bombing; and 3) clinical manifestations. Control subjects were selected among the sympotom-free residents in non-targeted areas. All samples were analyzed for the concentration and ratio of four uranium isotopes, (234)U, (235)U, (236)U and (238)U, by using a multicollector, inductively coupled plasma ionization mass spectrometry. The first results from the Jalalabad province revealed urinary excretion of total uranium in all subjects significantly exceeding the values in the nonexposed population. The analysis of the isotopic ratios identified non-depleted uranium. Studies of specimens collected in 2002 revealed uranium concentrations up to 200 times higher in the districts of Tora Bora, Yaka Toot, Lal Mal, Makam Khan Farm, Arda Farm, Bibi Mahro, Poli Cherki, and the Kabul airport than in the control population. Uranium levels in the soil samples from the bombsites show values two to three times higher than worldwide concentration levels of 2 to 3 mg/kg and significantly higher concentrations in water than the World Health Organization maximum permissible levels. This growing body of evidence undoubtedly puts the problem of prevention and solution of the DU contamination high on the priority list.
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PMID:Undiagnosed illnesses and radioactive warfare. 1451 7

Spin-tag perfusion imaging is an MRI method that quantitatively measures cerebral blood flow. Compared with conventional perfusion techniques, advantages of this arterial spin-labeling (ASL) include repeatability and the avoidance of intravenous contrast administration. In the present study, we performed an analysis of 3T high-field MRI examinations utilizing ASL perfusion during migraine attacks. A 32-year-old male patient was studied in three situations: during migraine attack within 1 h post-onset, 30 min after oral administration of rizatriptan 10 mg, and attack-free period. Normalized ASL images acquired during migraine attack showed significant relative hypoperfusion in the bilateral median thalamic areas including hypothalamus and significant relative hyperperfusion in the frontal cortex compared to images acquired during the migraine-free state. When normalized ASL images acquired 30 min after treatment were compared with those acquired during the attack, relative improvement of perfusion in the bilateral median thalamic areas including hypothalamus was observed. Hypothalamus and its surrounding areas may participate in the pathogenesis in migraine attack.
J Headache Pain 2010 Jun
PMID:Arterial spin-labeled MRI study of migraine attacks treated with rizatriptan. 2041 Dec 94

The greatest number of patients in our department are those referred from the Department of Neurology. These patients usually present symptoms or conditions such as peripheral facial paralysis, primary headache, or cerebrovascular disorders; acupuncture and moxibustion treatment have resulted in an overall favorable effect. Regarding the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment on the prevention of migraine attacks, a two-month course of acupuncture has been shown to decrease the number of days with a slight or moderate headache. Furthermore, we have seen a relation between the alleviation of headache and that of muscular tenderness in the neck-shoulder region and masticatory muscles. The results of Arterial Spin-Labeling MRI, by which we determine changes in cerebral blood flow before and after acupuncture stimulation in patients with migraine, have revealed that acupuncture stimulation induces an increase of blood flow in the thalamus and hypothalamus, opercular part, cingulate gyrus, and islet. This differs from the response obtained in healthy individuals. It has been shown that acupuncture and moxibustion for tension headache is highly effective and the action mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion is associated with relaxation of masticatory muscles hypertonicity in the neck-shoulder region and normalization of circulation dynamics, contributing thereby to the alleviation of headache. Moreover, the automatic nervous system has been found to be related to such analgesic mechanism. Based on our experience, we consider that traditional medicine based on acupuncture and moxibustion is highly effective in patients with neurological symptoms.
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PMID:[The practical use of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment cooperated with neurological practice]. 2319 94

We present the CT and MR features of a rare intracranial lipoma located in the right sylvian fissure in a patient who presented with a five-year history of headache. The lesion was well demonstrated on Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR), Turbo Spin Echo (TSE), T1 weighted and fat supressed T2 weighted sequences.
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PMID:Intracranial Lipoma of the Sylvian Fissure: MR and CT Findings. A Case Report. 2435 Dec 19