Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Halofantrine has been given to 14 children and 15 adults suffering from an acute attack of P. falciparum malaria and living in Dakar (Senegal) to a total dose of 24 mg/kg/body weight for the first group and 1,500 mg for the second in 3 times at 6-hourly intervals. This treatment has allowed the fever to clear in all cases within 36.3 +/- 19.9 hours and headache to disappear at D3 in 93.1% of cases. A reduction by 93.6% of the average parasite density which amounted before treatment to 27,710 trophozoites/mm3 of blood has been recorded from the day following the beginning of treatment and the parasite clearance obtained in all the patients of whom had chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum strains in mean time of 58.0 +/- 14.7 hours. In 3 cases (10.7%) a recrudescence of parasitemia has been noticed in D14. Only 1 of them was treated again with halofantrine which proved efficient from D2. The only adverse reactions have been nausea, vomiting, a slight diarrhoea and dizziness which affected only 13.8% of the patients. No abnormality has been noticed at a biological level. These results confirm the efficacy and good tolerance of halofantrine and allow to list it among the resource drugs used for the treatment of chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum malaria in our area.
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PMID:[Trial of halofantrine in the treatment of malaria attacks by Plasmodium falciparum in Dakar (Senegal)]. 176 59

The practices of health care workers and the population with regard to diagnosis of malaria and use of antimalarial drugs were studied in the city of Dakar from September 1991 to March 1992. Study included 847 heads of family, 191 treatment prescribers including 77 physicians, 53 nurses and 61 midwives, and 60 pharmacists. Three separate questionnaires were used: one for the population, one for physicians and paramedical staff, and one for pharmacists. The data collected showed that the 4 main symptoms used by both health care workers and the general population for diagnosis of malaria were fever, chills, vomiting, and headache. Treatment was administered upon suspicion of infection by 72% of treatment prescribers. Chloroquine was the drug most widely used by prescribers and for self-treatment of malaria. Prophylactic drug treatment was practised by all groups studied except treatment prescribers but was unappropriate for the target groups. Chloroquine is the drug most widely used to protect against the disease. Pharmacists have adequate supplies but distribution is poor. Despite promising results in the fight against malaria, further effort is needed to train health care workers and provide information to the population.
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PMID:[Health personnel and population practices in the diagnosis of malaria and use of antimalarial drugs in Dakar]. 763 9

The authors carried out an epidemiological survey from october 12 to december 4, 1995, at Medina's mother and Child care centre (MCC) in Dakar in order to assess chemoprophylaxis among pregnant women in Dakar. The midwife/pregnant women ratio is 0.08 The mentioned diagnosis criteria were relevant regards to the references established for most of the answers because since the latter base malaria diagnosis on the following signs: fever, chills, headaches and vomiting. 64.6% of them assume compliance to antimalarial chemoporphylaxis. Education level seems to be the main determining factor in this trend. Although chloroquine is the most widely used drug, nevertheless 11.9% of pregnant women assuming compliance use it at inappropriate posology. Besides, pyrimethamine is used by 12.3% of them. 34% of pregnant women do show chloroquine in urine. The plasmodial index is 1.4%. Only 8.1% of these women are supplied by health centres where shortages are noted.
Dakar Med 1997
PMID:[Evaluation of malaria chemoprevention among 359 pregnant women attending a health center in Dakar]. 982 26

Pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine-secreting neoplasm of chromaffin tissue. The most common symptom is hypertension but there are incidentally discovered forms at imaging. From 1981 to 1998, the authors observed nine pheochromocytomas through three hospitals in Dakar. This study included seven male and two female patients. The average age was 31.61 years. Hypertension was present in 77% of the cases. Headache, palpitations and sweating were the authors most frequent symptoms, occuring in 55% of cases. Measurement of vanillyl mandelic acid level in six cases and urinary metanephrines in three cases made the diagnosis. There were six adrenal and three extra adrenal pheochromocytomas with two malignant tumors features. In our countries, measurement of urinary metanephrines and computed tomography processing may improve detection of pheochromocytomas.
Dakar Med 2003
PMID:[Pheochromocytoma in Dakar: report of nine cases]. 1577 Jul 96

Infection disease due to Listeria monocytogenes, which is a ubiquitous positive Gram bacillus to the essentially alimentary transmission, listeriosis happens on patients presenting an immunodeficiency. The authors report the two first cases of listeriosis diagnosed at Hopital Principal de Dakar. The first case was observed on a 73 years old man, hospitalised for a feverish coma scored at 9 using Glasgow scale, with neither meningitis syndrome, nor sign of neurological localisation. The analysis of the RLC reveals a hypercytosis at 126 GB/mm3, with prevailing neutrophile polynuclears, a hyperproteinorachia at 3.2 g/l. The culture of the RLC was sterile but the blood culture showed the presence of L. monocytogenes. The other paraclinical tests has revealed a glycaemia at 2.45 g/l, an imporant hepatic cytolisis with ASAT at 13 N and ALAT at 20 N. The patient was also presenting a cerebromeningitis and hepatic listeriosis on a diabetic field. The second case was observed on a 58 years old patient admitted for headaches, fever and an important degradation of the general state with an emaciation of 17 kg in 5 months. The physical screening revealed a bad general state, a fever at 38 degrees 2 and was without other particularity. The analysis of the RLC showed a hyperproteinorachia at 1.35 g/l with neither hypercytosis nor germ at the culture. Haemoculture isolated Listeria monocytogenes. HIV serology was positive. CD4 were counted to 61/mm3. and the viral charge was at 110.000 copies / mm3. The patient was presenting a Listeria monocytogenes at meningo-encephalitis on HIV-1 field. stade B of the CDC classification. This ubiquitous anthropozoonosis should be searched through early haemocultures before antibiotherapy. in case of long lasting fever, endocarditis, meningo-encephalitis, localised infections on children. pregnant women, diabetic persons, and people infected with HIV and some others presenting immunity troubles.
Dakar Med 2003
PMID:[Listeria disease. The first 2 cases reported at the Principal Hospital of Dakar]. 1577 52

Psychiatric manifestations of cerebral malaria have been described for a while. The purpose of this study was conducted to describe this type of clinical manifestations of malaria among inpatients admitted at the psychiatric department in Dakar, Senegal from 1998 to 1999 (2 years) based on personnal observations. During this period. 1 male and 3 females, 13 to 22 years old, presented psychiatric disorders represented by mental confusion, delirium syndrom with zoopsia, visual hallucinations, motor agitation associated to other malarial clinical features: fever, headache, shiver, sweating and belious vomiting. All the patients were smear blood positive to Plasmodium falciparum with a parasiteamia between 2524 to 61500 parasites per ml. No psychiatric history was noted among them. Antimalarial treatment was used associated either with neuroleptic or tranquilliser. All of them recovered after 12 to 31 days of hospitalization (mean lengh of slay = 20 days). Psychotropic treatment was stopped after 15 days and no relapse was observed after 1 year of follow-up. The autors focus on the importance of psychiatric manifestations of cerebral malaria especially in endemic area like Senegal. They also insist on the possiblities of misdiagnosis and though a delay for an early and effective management.
Dakar Med 2002
PMID:[Mental disorders in cerebral malaria]. 1577 59

The goal of this prospective work is to study the per- and post-operative complications of spinal anaesthesia for cesarean and to evaluate their management. We included in the study all parturients undergoing cesarean section to the maternity of hospital Aristide Le Dantec since December 1998 to March 1999. Patients presented contra-indications of spinal anaesthesia, arterial hypertension and/or acute fetal distress were excluded. After a vascular preload of 1000 ml of Ringer lactate, a spinal anaesthesia was realized through a 25 G needle between L3 and L4 in a sitting position with 12.5 mg of 0.5% bupivacain associated with 1 ml of 10% dextrose. Patients were installed after a left light lateral position and oxygenated via a facial mask with 3 1 per mn until the extraction of the child. Studied parameters are following: the sensitive level block before surgical incision, per- and post-operative complications and their management. Sensitive level block was up to T4 in 14.9%, between T4 and T6 in 74.6% and at T8 in 23.6%. Maternal hypotension was the only per-operative complication in our study: 52% with 2 cases of cardiac arrest who needed tracheal intubation and injection of epinephrine. Post operative complications were represented by post-dural headaches about 5.4% and no epidural blood-patch were necessary for their management. We have noted any neurological or infectious complication during supervision of our patients.
Dakar Med 2002
PMID:[Spinal anaesthesia for cesarean section: rate and management of complications in 110 Senegalese parturients]. 1577 85

Meningioma is an uncommon tumor of childhood. In this group, supra tentorial forms predominate. We report the case of a 14 years old boy without any past medical history. He presented headaches, vomiting and cerebellar syndrome. CT scan shows cerebellar tumor, enhanced by contrast and surrounded by edema, looking like tuberculoma. After fail of tuberculosis treatment, the boy is operated by suboccipital approach. Histology and immuno histochemical examination show fibroblastic meningioma. Even if it is rare, meningioma can occur in childhood, without neurofibromatosis disease. It can present many points of likeness with tuberculoma and therefore biopsy is mandatory before tuberculosis drugs giving.
Dakar Med 2004
PMID:[Child cerebellar meningioma. A case report]. 1578 23

This retrospective study was carried out to describe the epidemiological, clinical and aetiological aspects of clear-fluid meningitis among HIV-positive patients admitted at the Infectious Diseases Clinic in Fann Teaching Hospital in Dakar Data were collected for analysis from patients files recorded from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2003. Forty-six cases of clear-fluid meningitis were found among HIV-infected patients, representing 51.7% of cerebro-meningeal diseases and 92% of meningitis encountered in those patients. Sex ratio MIF was 1.5 and the mean age of patients was 40.7 years [range 23-61 years]. Clinical presentations comprised headache (80%), fever (67%), meningeal syndrome (74%), coma (28%), convulsions (9%), focal neurological deficits (11%), cranial nerves dysfunction (9%). Aetiologies were represented by neuromeningeal cryptococcosis (29 cases) and tuberculous meningitis (5 cases). In 26% of cases no aetiology was found. The case fatality rate was 63% overall (29 deaths) and 83.3% among cases with unknown aetiology. It did not vary significantly according to epidemiological and clinical variables studied. Neurological sequelae were found in 4 patients who recovered. A better management of clear-fluid meningitis among HIV-positive patients should benefit from the reinforcement of our diagnostic capacities, the availability of effective systemic antifungal drugs and the prevention of opportunistic infections in the course of HIV/AIDS infection.
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PMID:[Clear-fluid meningitis in HIV-infected patients in Dakar]. 1605 Mar 75

Clinical and laboratory features, complications and treatment were retrospectively studied in 70 patients with bacteriologically documented typhoid fever, treated between January 1995 and June 2002 at Principal Hospital in Dakar, Senegal. Data analysis was done on a global basis as well as comparatively between the 37 children (under 15 years) and 33 adults. Mean age was 16.7 years (range, 1 to 52). The sex ratio was 1.4. Clinical manifestations included fever (97%), headache (50%), vomiting (71%), abdominal pain (54%), diarrhoea (49%), nnd splenomegaly (10%) without statistically significant difference between children and adults. Lyinphopenia was found in 51% of patients and anaemia in 78%. Coexisting illnesses Included malaria in 25.5% (mainly children) and hepatitis (transminases > 10N) in 24%. Complications included cholecystitis in 3 patients, gastrointestinal haemorrhage in 2, peritonitis in one, endocnrditis in one and osteomyelitis in one. Only one patient (HIV-positive) died. The incidence of antibiotic resistance was low, i.e., ainoxicilline: 2%, nalidixic acid: 1% and cotrimoxazole: 8.2%. No multidrug resistance was observed. This study shows that typhoid fever remains a major health problem in Dakar with slow resolution and potential complications. Amoxicililne and chloramphenicol can still be used for first-line treatment of typhoid fever. Little difference was found between children and adults.
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PMID:[Clinical and laboratory features of typhoid fever in Senegal. A 70-case study]. 1655 13


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