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Query: UMLS:C0018133 (graft-versus-host disease)
 18,032 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study tests the hypothesis that small bowel transplantation alters the function of the intestine. The function of the small intestine was investigated after syngeneic (BN----BN or Lew----Lew) and fully allogeneic (BN----Lew) orthotopic total small intestinal transplantation (SIT) using a two-stage model. All animals were treated with cyclosporine A throughout the 60-day study period. Syngeneic transplantation reduced weight gain in the (BN----BN) rats, but not in the (Lew----Lew) animals. Allogeneic transplantation caused a reduction in weight gain for the first 30 days posttransplantation, which may have been associated with graft-versus-host disease. Thereafter, the rate of growth of allogeneic SIT animals was normal. Dietary fat absorption was reduced in all groups of transplanted animals. Intestinal permeability to mannitol and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) was increased by syngeneic transplantation in all groups, with further permeability increases to mannitol, lactulose, PEG-400, and 51Cr-EDTA after allogeneic SIT. The glucose-stimulated intestinal short circuit current was reduced by both syngeneic and allogeneic SIT, but the maximal active transport rate for glucose uptake was increased, as was the passive uptake of fatty acids. These functional alterations were not associated with changes in intestinal morphology or evidence of rejection. These findings demonstrate that: (1) SIT results in significant changes in the transport characteristics of the bowel, but these have a minimal impact on the well-being of the animal overall; (2) SIT induces an increase in intestinal permeability to mannitol and PEG-400, with a further increase in permeability to all markers following allogeneic SIT; (3) following SIT, and the immune events associated with allogeneic SIT, significant adaptation of the transplanted intestine occurs. We suggest that denervation of the small intestine after SIT is the underlying cause of the changes observed.
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PMID:Intestinal function following allogeneic small intestinal transplantation in the rat. 173 18

We describe a case of a 38-year-old female who presented with diarrhoea and abdominal pain 27 days after a second 'top-up' allogeneic marrow infusion for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in first remission. A clinical diagnosis of gut graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was made. Technetium (99mTc)-labelled white cell scanning and intestinal permeability studies using 51Cr-EDTA and 14C-mannitol were undertaken to confirm the diagnosis. The 99mTc white cell scan showed extensive uptake in the small bowel and the urinary excretion of 51Cr-EDTA was increased, the results being consistent with intestinal inflammation and gut GVHD. 99mTc white cell scanning and intestinal permeability studies may assist in the diagnosis of gut GVHD and in assessing its extent and response to treatment.
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PMID:Technetium (99mTc)-labelled white cell scanning, 51Cr-EDTA and 14C-mannitol-labelled intestinal permeability studies: non-invasive methods of diagnosing acute intestinal graft-versus-host disease. 767 Apr 15

The efficacy of allogeneic, haemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is limited by concomitant toxicity. This has led to the development of less toxic, reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) protocols, whose therapeutic benefit is largely related to an associated, immunity-mediated graft-versus-malignancy effect rather than by the cytotoxic treatment itself. Murine HSCT models suggests that acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) increases with the intensification of the conditioning regimen mediated by loss of integrity of the gut mucosa barrier. The present study was undertaken to investigate gastro-intestinal (GI) permeability during allogeneic HSCT with RIC. In 17 patients (myeloablative conditioning in nine, RIC in eight), intestinal permeability was assessed by a (51)Cr-EDTA absorption test before the start of cytotoxic treatment the day before stem cell infusion (day -1) and 4, 7 and 14 days after stem cell infusion. Patients receiving RIC did not develop any significant increase in intestinal permeability during the transplantation course but in myeloablatively conditioned patients there was a significant increase in intestinal permeability the day before the stem cell infusion (P < 0.005), on day 4 (P < 0.005), on day 7 (P < 0.01) and on day 14 (P < 0.005) after stem cell infusion, compared with the baseline. Myeloablative conditioning also revealed increased intestinal permeability on day 7 compared with the RIC (P < 0.05). The finding of preserved intestinal-barrier function during allogeneic HSCT with RIC is discussed, with reference to the hypothesis that GI tract damage may be an important initiating event of GVHD.
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PMID:The gut mucosa barrier is preserved during allogeneic, haemopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced intensity conditioning. 1178 24

Determinative associations may exist between costimulatory molecule gene polymorphisms with a variety of post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) viral related clinical outcomes especially acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD). Therefore in this study the associations between costimulatory molecule gene polymorphisms including: cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4), programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), inducible T cell costimulator (ICOS), and cluster differentiation 28 (CD28) with active cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection were evaluated in HSCT patients. The 72 allogeneic HSCT patients with and without aGVHD were enrolled in this cross sectional study between years: 2004-2011. The single nucleotide polymorphisms in loci of the costimulatory molecules including: CTLA4 gene (-318 C/T, 1722 T/C, 1661 A/G, +49 A/G), PD-1 gene (PD-1.3 A/G, PD-1.9 C/T), ICOS gene (1720 C/T), and CD28 gene (+17 C/T) were analyzed in studied HSCT patients by PCR-RFLP methods. The active CMV infection was evaluated in fresh EDTA-treated blood samples of each allogeneic HSCT patients by CMV antigenemia kit according to manufacturer's instruction. Active CMV infection was found in 11 of 72 (15.27 %) of allogeneic HSCT patients. The T allele and TT genotype of the CD28 +17 C/T were significantly higher frequency in active CMV infected allogeneic HSCT patients experienced aGVHD. The G allele and GG genotype of the CTLA4 -1661 A/G were significantly higher frequent in active CMV infected allogeneic HSCT patients experienced low grade of aGVHD. Finally, finding of significant associations between CD28 +17 C/T and CTLA4 -1661 A/G genotypes with CMV active infection in allogeneic HSCT patients experienced aGVHD emphasize on the importance of the genetic pattern of costimulatory genes in outcomes of active CMV infection in HSCT patients needs completed studies.
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PMID:Association of the costimulatory molecule gene polymorphisms and active cytomegalovirus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. 2405 39