Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018133 (graft-versus-host disease)
 18,032 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The studies presented herein were designed to directly evaluate the effects of a transient GVH reaction on T lymphocyte functions. To this end, we have shown that generation of carrier-specific helper cell function can be significantly influenced by the allogeneic effect. Thus, carrier-primed helper cells derived from CAF(1) donor mice were generally much more active in specifically cooperating with syngeneic 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP)-primed B cells in adoptive recipients when parental A strain lymphocytes had been administered at some time during the priming regimen. This was true when allogeneic cells were administered concomitantly with the initial priming dose of carrier protein as well as when the GVH was induced in animals that had been exposed to antigen several days previously. This indicates that the allogeneic enhancing effects can be manifested on either primed or unprimed T cell populations. The ultimate effect of the GVH reaction on the development of helper T cell activity was found to be related to the number of allogeneic cells employed and the duration of the resultant GVH reaction in the carrier-primed host animal. Hence, allogeneic stimulation of slightly greater magnitude and/or longer duration resulted in marked suppression rather than enhancement of helper cell function in such donor mice. These findings may have general relevance to problems in autoimmune diseases and tumor immunity.
 ...
PMID:The allogeneic effect in inbred mice. IV. Regulatory influences of graft-vs.-host reactions on host T lymphocyte functions. 412 47

Spleen cells from BALB/c or CAF(1) mice released little or no detectable leukemia virus when cultured 2-7 days in vitro. In contrast, spleen cells of CAF(1) mice previously inoculated with parental BALB/c spleen cells released leukemia viruses in 10 of 11 cases studied. Cultures of a mixture of spleen cells from normal BALB/c and CAF(1) mice also contained leukemia viruses. Phytohemagglutinin induced the transformation of lymphocytes in cultures of CAF(1) or BALB/c spleen cells, but this transformation did not activate leukemia viruses. It is concluded that mixed lymphocyte cultures in vitro, just as graft-versus-host reactions in vivo, can activate leukemia viruses that are normally present in a repressed form. This activation is not solely a function of lymphocyte transformation. The activated mouse leukemia virus may subsequently account for the observed high incidence of neoplasia in graft-versus-host disease.
 ...
PMID:Activation of leukemia viruses by graft-versus-host and mixed lymphocyte reactions in vitro. 440 35

Umbilical cord blood (CB) transplantations are associated with a lower risk of severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) compared to BMT. GVHD is an immune reaction that involves interaction between cell surface molecules resulting in cell activation and release of many cytokines. Monocytes are known to be an important source of cell adhesion (CAM) and co-stimulatory molecules which play a crucial role in the efficient activation of T and B cells. We analyzed the phenotype of CB monocytes in the presence or absence of an inflammatory signal (rIFN-gamma) and compared them to adult blood (AB); the expression of HLA-DR and 17 different markers (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, CD18, CD29, CD40, CD44, CD49a, CD49d, CD49e, CD49f, CD54, CD58, CD62L, CD80, CD86 and CD102) was measured by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis showed that, compared to AB, CB monocytes did not express CD11b, CD11c, CD49d and after stimulation with rIFNgamma, they lost the expression of CD58 and CD102, whereas CD80 and CD86 expression was induced. The analysis of fluorescence intensity (MFI) revealed that CB monocytes expressed some CAM (CD29, CD54, CD102) with a lower intensity than AB monocytes except CD44. In conclusion, absence and reduced expression of some markers argue for a different phenotypic profile of CB monocytes compared to AB monocytes, which might partly contribute to their impaired immune response and to the low incidence of GVHD observed after CB transplantations. However, CB monocytes expressed CD80 and CD86 co-stimulatory molecules, but this expression did not prove a normal co-stimulatory function.
 ...
PMID:Expression of HLA-DR, CAM and co-stimulatory molecules on cord blood monocytes. 1116 18